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EHV Module 1 Part 3

The document discusses the dynamics of hybrid electric vehicles, focusing on the forces affecting vehicle motion as described by Newton's second law. It highlights the importance of the propulsion unit in overcoming resistive forces such as rolling resistance, aerodynamic drag, and uphill resistance. Additionally, it explains how the vehicle's acceleration is influenced by power, road conditions, aerodynamics, and mass.

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29 views14 pages

EHV Module 1 Part 3

The document discusses the dynamics of hybrid electric vehicles, focusing on the forces affecting vehicle motion as described by Newton's second law. It highlights the importance of the propulsion unit in overcoming resistive forces such as rolling resistance, aerodynamic drag, and uphill resistance. Additionally, it explains how the vehicle's acceleration is influenced by power, road conditions, aerodynamics, and mass.

Uploaded by

aswinshaji569
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EET418

ELECTRIC AND HYBRID VEHICLES


MODULE 1
Hybrid Electric Vehicle- Dynamics

• When a vehicle drive what is the power /torque that it requires?


• What is the speed attribute at which you are moving?
• Is the battery capable of giving total amount of energy?
• How much power is required to drive the vehicle?
• How much energy is required to carry out a road trip?
Introduction
• Vehicle operation and performance fundamentals can be studied by
understanding the dynamics of vehicles, which involve the basic
principles of physics, especially the Newton's second law of motion.
• Newton's second law states that the acceleration of an object is
proportional to the net force exerted on it.
• In a vehicle several forces act on it and the net or resultant force
governs the motion according to the Newton's second law.
• The vehicle motion can be completely determined by analyzing the
forces acting on it in the direction of motion.
Contd…
• The acceleration of the vehicle depends on
 power delivered by the propulsion unit
 the road conditions
 the aerodynamics of the vehicle
 the composite mass of the vehicle
• The propulsion unit of the vehicle delivers the force necessary to move the
vehicle forward.
• When the vehicle moves, it encounters a resistive force that tries to retard its
motion.
• The force of the propulsion unit helps the vehicle to overcome the resisting
forces due to gravity, air and tire resistance.
• The resistive forces are
Rolling resistance - This is the resistance caused by the tires rolling on the
road.
Aerodynamic drag - This is the resistance caused by air when the vehicle
moves forward.
Uphill resistance - When a vehicle goes uphill, it has to fight against gravity
pulling it backward.

How the Propulsion Unit Overcomes These Resistive Forces ?

The propulsion unit provides the force necessary to counteract rolling


resistance, aerodynamic drag, and uphill resistance.

If the propulsion force is greater than the resistive forces, the vehicle moves
forward and accelerates.

If the propulsion force is equal to the resistive forces, the vehicle moves at a
steady speed.

If the resistive forces become too large (like on a steep hill), the propulsion unit
The grade value or inclination refers to the steepness of a slope, and it is
expressed as a percentage (%) , an angle (θ) in degrees.

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