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GAMOR

The document discusses the concept of personality, defining it as a unique set of characteristics that shape an individual's behavior and thinking. It outlines seven major theories of personality, including Psychoanalytic, Humanistic, Trait, Social Cognitive, Behavioral, Biological, and Cognitive theories, each offering different perspectives on personality development. Additionally, it explores the multifaceted nature of the self, including components like self-concept, self-esteem, and social identity, and how interpersonal relationships influence self-perception.

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Hashreen Hadji M. GAMOR
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11 views17 pages

GAMOR

The document discusses the concept of personality, defining it as a unique set of characteristics that shape an individual's behavior and thinking. It outlines seven major theories of personality, including Psychoanalytic, Humanistic, Trait, Social Cognitive, Behavioral, Biological, and Cognitive theories, each offering different perspectives on personality development. Additionally, it explores the multifaceted nature of the self, including components like self-concept, self-esteem, and social identity, and how interpersonal relationships influence self-perception.

Uploaded by

Hashreen Hadji M. GAMOR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PERSONALITY

AND THE SELF

Reporter: GAMOR, HASHREEN


H.M.
What is PERSONALITY
- Personality refers to the unique set of
characteristics, traits, behaviors, and patterns of
thinking that define an individual’s way of
being in the world.
-The word "personality" stems from
the Latin word persona, which means
mask.
7 theories of personalities

1. Psychoanalytic Theory (Freud)


2. Humanistic Theory (Rogers & Maslow)
3. Trait Theory (Eysenck, McCrae & Costa)
4. Social Cognitive Theory (Bandura)
5. Behavioral Theory (Skinner & Pavlov)
6. Biological Theory (Eysenck, Cloninger)
7. Cognitive Theory (Kelly)
Psychodynamic
theories theories focus on the
Psychodynamic
psychological drives and forces within individuals
that explain human behavior and personality.
3 Psychoanalytic theory
• Id: Pleasure Principle and Unconscious mind.
• Ego: Reality Principle and Sub-conscious mind
• Superego: Conscience and conscious mind
Trait theory
Trait theory is one of the most popular types of personality theories. It
proposes that people’s personalities vary according to which basic
personality traits are more dominant.
BIG 5 PERSONALITY TRAIT
 openness to experience
 conscientiousness
 extraversion
 agreeableness
 neuroticism
Humanistic theory
Is a psychological theory that emphasizes a
person's potential for growth and self-
actualization. It focuses on the individual's
drive to be creative and to achieve their full
potential. Humanistic theory also
emphasizes the importance of free will and
personal experience.
Social cognitive
theories
Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), initially called Social Learning Theory, was
developed by Albert Bandura. It emphasizes the importance of observational
learning, imitation, and modeling in behavior acquisition.
Here are a few key components of SCT:

1. LOCUS CONTROL
2. DELAY GRATIFICATION
3. SELF-EFFICACY
Behavioral theory
also known as behaviorism, is a learning theory that
focuses on observable behaviors and the ways
they're learned through interactions with the
environment..
Here are a few core principles of behavioral theory:
1.Classical Conditioning
2.Operant Conditioning
3.Reinforcement and Punishment
4.Observational Learning
Biological Cognitive theory
also theory
known as the Primarily developed
biological approach, by Jean Piaget,
emphasizes the focuses on
influence of genetics, understanding how
brain structures, and people think,
biochemistry on perceive, remember,
behavior and mental and learn.
processes.
Personality Development
Personality develops
through a combination of
genetic, environmental,
and situational factors.
Life experiences,
relationships, culture, and
even career choices can
all influence and shape
The self is a multifaceted
concept that encompasses
various dimensions of who we
are as individuals. It plays a
crucial role in shaping our
thoughts, behaviors, and
interactions with the world.
Components of the
 Self
Self-Concept: This is the understanding and perception
one has of themselves, including their beliefs, attributes,
and who they think they are.
 Self-Esteem: This refers to the value and worth one places
on themselves. It can be high or low and affects confidence
and overall emotional well-being.
 Self-Identity: This is the sense of oneself as a unique
individual, often shaped by personal history, social roles,
and affiliations.
The Self in Relation to
Others
 Social Identity: This aspect of the self is shaped by group
memberships (e.g., nationality, religion, social circles) and
can influence behaviors and attitudes.
 Interpersonal Relationships: Connections with others
play a crucial role in shaping self-perception. Relationships
provide feedback and validation that can either bolster or
challenge one's self-concept and self-esteem.
MARCEL MAUSS

Two faces of self:

1. MOI-
A person’s sense of who he is, his body and his basic
Identity.
2. PERSONNE
- Composed of the social concepts of what It means to be
who the person is.
- Has much to do with what it means to live in a particular
institution, family, religion, nationality, and how to behave
given expectations and influences from others.
Charles Horton Cooley

Looking-Glass Self Theory

-The self is a product of interactions with other people.


-Use how we think others perceive us as a mirror for
perceiving ourselves.

1. How do I appear to others?


2. What must others think of me?
3. Revise how we think about ourselves.
Always be yourself, express yourself, have faith
in yourself, do not go out and look for a
successful personality and duplicate it.

—BRUCE LEE
EN

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