DRAFTING

TOOLS,
MATERIALS
& EQUIPMENT
QUARTER 1, WEEK 2
LESSON 3
1.1 Prepare tools, materials, and
equipment in technical drawing
1.2 Select drawing tools, materials, and
equipment in accordance with the SOP
Am I a tool? material or equipment?
What am I for?
TOOLS
DRAFTING TOOLS ARE
INSTRUMENTS THAT CAN
BE USED FOR
MEASUREMENT AND
LAYOUT OF DRAWINGS OR
TO IMPROVE CONSISTENCY
AND THE SPEED FOR
CREATING STANDARD
DRAWING ELEMENTS.
TOOLS
⚬ PENCIL.
⚬ DRAFTING BOARD.
⚬ T-SQUARE.
⚬ FRENCH CURVES.
⚬ RULERS.
⚬ COMPASS.
⚬ TEMPLATES.
⚬ TRIANGULAR SCALE
⚬ TECHNICAL PENS
⚬ TRIANGLES
PENCIL
DRAWING PENCIL IS AN
ESSENTIAL TOOL IN
DRAWING AS IT IS USED
FOR MAKING DRAWINGS
ON PAPER.
✔ FOR DRAFTING,
GRAPHITE PENCIL IS
COMMONLY USED.
✔ THE GRADE OF A
PENCIL DEPENDS ON
THE TYPE OF WORK.
PENCIL
Grade of Pencil Used to Draw

3H Construction lines

Dimension lines,
center lines,
2H
sectional lines,
hidden lines
Object lines,
H
lettering
Dimensioning,
HB
boundary lines
DRAFTING BOARD
A DRAWING BOARD (ALSO
DRAWING TABLE, DRAFTING
TABLE OR ARCHITECT'S TABLE)
IS A KIND OF MULTIPURPOSE
DESK WHICH CAN BE USED
FOR ANY KIND OF DRAWING,
WRITING OR IMPROMPTU
SKETCHING ON A LARGE
SHEET OF PAPER OR FOR
READING A LARGE FORMAT
BOOK OR OTHER OVERSIZED
DOCUMENT OR FOR DRAFTING
 T-SQUARE
A T-SQUARE IS A TOOL USED IN
TECHNICAL DRAWING,
PRIMARILY AS A GUIDE FOR
DRAWING STRAIGHT
HORIZONTAL LINES ON A
DRAFTING TABLE. IT ALSO
SERVES AS GUIDE TO
TRIANGLES WHEN USED IN
DRAWING TABLE.
 FRENCH CURVES
FRENCH CURVES ARE PLASTIC (OR
WOODEN) TEMPLATES HAVING AN
EDGE COMPOSED OF SEVERAL
DIFFERENT CURVES. FRENCH
CURVES ARE USED IN DRAFTING
(OR WERE BEFORE COMPUTER-
AIDED DESIGN) TO DRAW
SMOOTH CURVES OF ALMOST ANY
DESIRED CURVATURE IN
MECHANICAL DRAWINGS.
 RULER
A RULER IS USED FOR
MEASURING LENGTH.
IT USUALLY HAS FOUR
UNITS OF
MEASUREMENT:
MILLIMETER,
CENTIMETER, INCH
AND FEET.
COMPASS
A COMPASS (OR PAIR OF
COMPASSES) IS A
DRAWING TOOL THAT CAN
BE USED TO DRAW
CIRCLES OR ARCS, PARTS
OF CIRCLES. THEY CAN
ALSO BE USED TO
MEASURE DISTANCES, IN
TEMPLATES
A DRAWING TEMPLATE
ENABLES YOU TO
CREATE EXACT CIRCLES,
SQUARES, LINES, ARCS,
AND MORE WITHOUT
REACHING FOR A
COMPASS, RULER, OR
PROTRACTOR.
TRIANGULAR SCALE
A TRIANGULAR SCALE IS A RULER
THAT HAS A 3-LOBED CROSS-
SECTION WITH 6 DIFFERENT
TYPES OF SCALES ON THE EDGES
(2 ON EACH FACE) USED FOR
MEASURING AND PREPARING
SCALE DRAWINGS SUCH AS
BLUEPRINTS AND MAPS. IT IS
ALSO CALLED AN ARCHITECT'S
 TECHNICAL PEN
A TECHNICAL PEN IS A
SPECIALIZED INSTRUMENT
USED BY AN engineer,
architect, or drafter to make
lines of constant width for
architectural, engineering, or
technical drawings. Technical
pens may use either a
refillable ink reservoir or a
Triangle drafting tools are used to
speed up drawing of lines at
commonly used angles.
They are used by engineers,
architects, draftspersons, and in
schools for geometry instruction
There are two types of triangles:
one with 30° and 60° angles or
with two 45° angles.
MATERIALS
These are consumable items
used for technical drawing.
They are consumable because
they cannot be reused after
being used. The following are
the necessary drawing
materials.
MATERIALS
⚬ DRAFTING PAPER
⚬ TRACING PAPER
⚬ INK
⚬ ERASER
⚬ DRAFTING TAPE
DRAFTING PAPER
SILK-PAPER-LIKE
TRANSLUCENT DRAFTING
PAPER THAT WRINKLES
WHEN WETTED. IT IS
PRIMARILY SUITABLE FOR
PENCILS AND FELT-TIP
PENS. PENCIL MARKS
CAN BE CORRECTED TO
SOME EXTENT WITH AN
TRACING PAPER
POLISHED SANDWICH PAPER-
LIKE, TRANSLUCENT THICK
PAPER, WHICH COMES IN
DIFFERENT STRENGTHS.
WRINKLES UPON WETTING.
SUITABLE FOR BOTH
GRAPHITE PENCILS AND
TECHNICAL PENS. AN ERASER
OR SHARP SCRAPER TOOL IS
USED FOR CORRECTIONS.
INK
DRAWING INKS CAN
BE DIVIDED INTO
TWO GROUPS:
India ink and polymer
inks. India ink is used
on paper and drafting
film plastics. The most
commonly used India
ink is a colloidal
mixture of water and
 ERASER
WHITE VINYL (PLASTIC) ERASERS
CAN BE USED ON TRACING
CLOTH, FILM OR PAPER. VINYL
ERASERS ARE EITHER HARD OR
EXTREMELY SOFT AND WON'T
LEAVE MARKS ON THE DRAWING
SURFACE; THEY ARE GOOD FOR
ERASING MANY TYPES OF
DRAWING MEDIA AND ARE
COMMONLY USED WHEN
DRAFTING.
DRAFTING TAPE
DRAFTING TAPE IS COATED
WITH A WEAK ADHESIVE
AND IS MAINLY USED TO
FIX PAPER TO DRAFTING
BOARDS AND TO HOLD
LETTERING, ETC. WHILE
DESIGNING AND DOING
LAYOUTS.
EQUIPMENT
any machinery,
appliance, apparatus,
tool or installation for
use at work
EQUIPMENT
⚬ DRAFTING MACHINE
⚬ COMPUTER
 DRAFTING MACHINE
THE DRAFTING MACHINE, INTRODUCED
ABOUT 1930, ALLOWS A STRAIGHT
EDGE TO BE MOVED WHILE
MAINTAINING ANY DESIRED ANGLE
BETWEEN IT AND THE EDGE OF THE
DRAWING BOARD. COMBINING THE
FUNCTIONS OF THE T SQUARE,
TRIANGLE, PROTRACTOR, AND SCALE,
IT GREATLY INCREASES THE EFFICIENCY
OF PRODUCING A DRAWING.
COMPUTER
TO DRAFT
ARCHITECTURE
OR OBJECTS WITH
THE USE OF
COMPUTER
SYSTEMS AND
SOFTWARE
ACTIVITY
1. For you what is the most
important tool, material and
equipment for technical drafting?
Explain your answer.
2. Why is it necessary to use tools,
materials and equipment for
technical drafting works?
QUIZ
Directions: Identify what is being
described in each statement.
Choose your answer below.
eraser french curve
pencil tracing paper
drafting machine
1. It allows a straight edge to be
moved while maintaining any
desired angle between it and the
edge of the drawing board.
2. We should use an _____ to
remove the wrong lines or letter
in our drawing.
3. One of the most important
drafting tool is the _______, with
this we can create lines, letters and
shapes.
4. It is used to draw smooth curves
of almost any desired curvature in a
working drawing.
5. It is a semi transparent paper you
can use to trace an image or
drawing.