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Bfs 569

The document provides an overview of the Breadth-First Search (BFS) algorithm for traversing tree and graph data structures. It explains how BFS works using a queue to explore nodes level by level, guarantees finding the shortest path in unweighted graphs, and includes a Python implementation example. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of BFS in solving complex problems related to networks and relationships.

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7 views10 pages

Bfs 569

The document provides an overview of the Breadth-First Search (BFS) algorithm for traversing tree and graph data structures. It explains how BFS works using a queue to explore nodes level by level, guarantees finding the shortest path in unweighted graphs, and includes a Python implementation example. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of BFS in solving complex problems related to networks and relationships.

Uploaded by

227r1a7349
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Implementation of Breadth First Tree

Name:B.Naveen kumar
Roll no. :227R1A0569
CSE-B
Introduction to Breadth-First Tree Traversal

Breadth-First Search (BFS) is an algorithm for traversing or searching tree or


graph data structures.

It explores the neighbor nodes at the present depth prior to moving on to


nodes at the next depth level.

BFS is commonly used in various applications, including finding the shortest


path in unweighted graphs.
How BFS Works

BFS starts at the root node and


explores all its neighboring nodes.

It uses a queue data structure to keep


track of nodes to visit next.

Nodes are added to the queue as they


are discovered, ensuring all nodes at
the current depth are visited before
moving deeper.
Key Characteristics of BFS

BFS is guaranteed to find the shortest


path in an unweighted tree.

It can be more memory-intensive than


depth-first search, especially in wide
trees.

BFS can be implemented iteratively


using a queue or recursively with the
help of a queue.
BFS Algorithm Steps

Initialize a queue and enqueue the


root node.

While the queue is not empty,


dequeue a node and process it.

Enqueue all unvisited neighbors of the


processed node before repeating the
process.
Example Tree Structure

Let's consider a simple tree with


nodes A, B, C, D, E, and F.

The tree structure is as follows:


```
A
/\
BC
/\/\
DEF
```

Your third bullet


BFS Example Code in
Python
from collections import deque
def bfs(graph, start):
visited, queue = {start}, deque([start])
while queue:
node = queue.popleft()
print(node, end=" ")
queue.extend(neighbor for neighbor in
graph[node] if neighbor not in visited and not
visited.add(neighbor))

# Example graph (adjacency list)


graph = {1: [2, 3], 2: [1, 4, 5], 3: [1], 4: [2], 5: [2]}
bfs(graph, 1)

Output:1 2 3 4 5
Explanation of the Code

The code begins by importing the


deque class for the queue
implementation.

It defines the `bfs` function, which


takes the tree's root node as an
argument.

The function processes each node,


printing its value and enqueuing its
children.
Conclusion

Breadth-First Search is a fundamental


algorithm in computer science for tree
and graph traversal.

It efficiently finds the shortest path in


unweighted graphs and provides a
clear systematic approach.

Understanding BFS helps in solving


complex problems involving networks
and relationships.

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