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P. Data Knowledge Information

The document outlines the distinctions between data, information, knowledge, and understanding, emphasizing their hierarchical relationship. Data are raw entities without meaning, while information is processed data that provides context, and knowledge is synthesized information that is useful. It also discusses the importance of data quality characteristics such as relevancy, legality, comprehensiveness, appropriateness, timeliness, consistency, and uniqueness in converting data into actionable information and knowledge.

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5 views16 pages

P. Data Knowledge Information

The document outlines the distinctions between data, information, knowledge, and understanding, emphasizing their hierarchical relationship. Data are raw entities without meaning, while information is processed data that provides context, and knowledge is synthesized information that is useful. It also discusses the importance of data quality characteristics such as relevancy, legality, comprehensiveness, appropriateness, timeliness, consistency, and uniqueness in converting data into actionable information and knowledge.

Uploaded by

Rannu18
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data, Information and Knowledge

• Data – discrete entities that are described


objectively without interpretation.
• It simply exist and has no significant beyond its
existence.
• It can exist in any form, usable or not.
• It does not have meaning of itself.
• Information, often in the form of facts or figures
obtained from experiments or surveys, used as a
basis for making calculations or drawing
conclusions
e.g. number, text, images, sounds.
• Information
– It is a data that has been given meaning by way of
relational connection.
– This “meaning” can be useful, but does not have
to be.
– In computer parlance, a relational database makes
information from the data stored within it.
– reflects interpretation, organization or structuring
of data
– the result of processing data
Definite knowledge acquired or supplied
about something or somebody
The collected facts and data about a particular
subject.
A telephone service that supplies telephone
numbers to the public on request
The communication of facts and knowledge
Computer data that has been organized and
presented in a systematic fashion to clarify the
underlying meaning
• Knowledge
– It is the appropriate collection of information,
such that it’s intent is to be useful.
– Emerges from transformation of information
– Is information that is synthesized so that
relationships are identified and formalized
– When someone memorizes information, then they
have amassed knowledge.
– This knowledge has useful meaning to them, but it
does not provide for, in and of itself, integration
such as would infer further knowledge.
General awareness or possession of
information, facts, ideas, truths, or principles.
Clear awareness or explicit information, for
example, of a situation or fact.
All the information, facts, truths, and
principles learned throughout time
Familiarity or understanding gained through
experience or study.
UNDERSTANDING
• Understanding is an interpolative and
probabilistic process.
• It is cognitive and analytical.
• It is the process by which I can take knowledge
and synthesize new knowledge from the
previously held knowledge.
• The difference between understanding and
knowledge is the difference between
“learning” and “memorizing”.
• People who have understanding can
undertake useful actions because they can
synthesize new knowledge, or in some cases,
at least new information, from what is
previously known (understood).
• That is, understanding can build upon
currently held information, knowledge and
understanding itself.
Hierarchy of Knowledge, Information and Data

• Rules
• Relationship
Knowledge• Ideas

• Format
• Filter
Information • Manipulate

• Facts
• Images
Data • Numbers
• Sounds
Converting Data into Information
• Patient data, medical records and nursing
documents becomes information when it
applied to some purpose and adds value to
the recipient.
• The table below shows how various types of
data could be processed to create useful
information.
• The nurses must use the data correctly and
processes properly.
Patient Data and Medical Possible Methods of
Record Converting Data into
information
Systolic & Diastolic Reading Plot charts, create tables
and identify trends
Body temperature Find average, typical
readings and variances
BMI, Electrolyte panel Interpret complex data
Drug dosage Requirement Gives out right dosage

• Wrong input begets wrong output or


interpretation which might result to more
serious problems.
Converting Information to Knowledge
• Information on its own will not create a
knowledge-based system but as a guide in the
decision making, we can simply conclude that
information and knowledge is the building
blocks of the decision making process.
• The right information fuels the development
of intellectual capital which in turns drives
innovation and performance improvement.
Characteristics of Data Quality
• The characteristics of data quality are
frequently described in term of data relevancy,
Legality of data collection,
comprehensiveness, appropriateness,
timeliness, consistencies and uniqueness.
• This is sometimes refer as data integrity.
a. Data Relevancy
- Data are meaningful to the performance of the
process or applications for which they are
collected. • Name
Primary• Sex
Relevant• Age
Data
Items:
• Occupation
Secondary • Health habits
Relevant • Environment
data Items:
• Hobbies
• Favorite Color
Irrelevant data • Organization
• Social Media
Items: account
b. Legality of Data Collection
• data items should be easily obtainable or legal
to collect such as height, weight, temperature,
systolic and diastolic reading.
• The data can convert or translated to
information and eventually to knowledge or
can be coupled to other disciplines to
concretize the knowledge.
• The weight and height of the patient can be
translated into BSA thus it can be use to
integrate information to knowledge such as
required in drug dosage requirement.
c. Data Comprehensiveness
• All the data items required should be included.
The data collection scheme should anticipate
future data needs.

d. Data Appropriateness
• Data attributes and their values should be
defined at the correct level of details.
e. Data Timeliness
• Data gathering has to be done on real-time so that
immediate preparedness will be applied to unaffected
areas or community and proper response from the
health care provider are provided instantaneously.

f. Data consistencies & Data Uniqueness


• There should be no overlapping entities, the values
should be the same and consistent within the hospital
and clinic department and outside the hospital.
• The data should also be consistent to the other health
institutions, regulatory and policy makers, schools and
universities, health agency, etc.

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