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Lecture 1

The document is a lecture on Peripherals and Interfacing, introducing key concepts such as interfaces, interfacing processes, and their importance in computer systems. It outlines various types of interfaces, including human-machine, digital-analogue, and digital-digital interfaces, as well as typical interfacing activities and hardware components. The lecture emphasizes the significance of proper interfacing for successful interaction between digital systems and their analogue environments.

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3 views9 pages

Lecture 1

The document is a lecture on Peripherals and Interfacing, introducing key concepts such as interfaces, interfacing processes, and their importance in computer systems. It outlines various types of interfaces, including human-machine, digital-analogue, and digital-digital interfaces, as well as typical interfacing activities and hardware components. The lecture emphasizes the significance of proper interfacing for successful interaction between digital systems and their analogue environments.

Uploaded by

mehedisam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Peripherals & Interfacing

(CSE-4813)

Lecture- 1
Introduction

Md. Shafiqul Islam


Professor, CSE, DUET, Gazipur

Slide Courtesy: Dr Abd Rahman Tamuri

Md. Shafiqul Islam, Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, DUET, Gazipur Peripherals & Interfacing Lecture- 1- 1
Interfaces and Interfacing
 Definitions of "interface" from Webster's Dictionary:
 noun: the place at which independent systems meet and act or
communicate with each other
 examples:
» human - machine interface (analogue-machine interface)
» terminal - network interface (TTL - CMOS interface)
» parallel or serial interface

 Informal Definition
 The physical, electrical and logical means of exchanging Information with
a functional module
 The process of enabling a computer to communicate with the external
world through Software, Hardware and Protocols

Md. Shafiqul Islam, Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, DUET, Gazipur Peripherals & Interfacing Lecture- 1- 2
Interfaces and Interfacing (cont.)
 Informal Definition
 An interface is a device and/or set of rules to match the output of one
device to send information to the input of another device
» physical connection
» the hardware
» rules and procedures
» the software
 Interfacing is the process of connecting devices together so that they can
exchange information
 The process of reading input signals and sending output signals is
called I/O
 I/O conventions
 I/O direction is relative to the MCU
 Input is data read by the MCU
 Output is data sent out by the MCU
Md. Shafiqul Islam, Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, DUET, Gazipur Peripherals & Interfacing Lecture- 1- 3
Importance of interfacing
 The human - machine interface determines the ultimate success
or failure of many computer- based systems
 Digital systems exist within and must successfully interact with
an analogue natural environment (Digital – analogue interfaces
are unavoidable)
 Rather than designing digital systems from elementary
components, computer engineers more typically assemble new
systems from existing subsystems

Md. Shafiqul Islam, Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, DUET, Gazipur Peripherals & Interfacing Lecture- 1- 4
Typical Interfacing Activities
 Selecting software/hardware subsystems that can (at least potentially) interact well
with each other
 Appropriate D/A and A/D converters (speed, accuracy, ...)
 Serial vs. parallel communication
 Providing appropriate hardware connections
 Selecting cabling, connectors, drivers, receivers, correct termination, etc.
 Resolving any hardware incompatibilities
 CMOS with TTL
 Configuring hardware interfaces correctly using low-level software drivers
 LCD, Keypads in embedded systems
 Interfacing software components correctly
 Selecting compatible software versions
 Calling the correct procedures in the correct sequence with the correct
parameters

Md. Shafiqul Islam, Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, DUET, Gazipur Peripherals & Interfacing Lecture- 1- 5
System-Level Interfaces

 Human-machine interface
 Input devices: keyboard, mouse, microphone, camera
 Output devices: CRT, printer, light panel, audio amp
 Digital - Analogue Interface
 Input devices: A/D converters, modems, sensors
 Output devices: D/A converters, modems, transducers actuators, stepper motors
 Control devices: switches, multiplexers, amplifiers attenuators
 Digital - Digital Interface
 Connectors: wires, ribbon cable, coax, twisted pair, PCB
 I/O devices: buffers, level-shifters, synchronizers

Md. Shafiqul Islam, Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, DUET, Gazipur Peripherals & Interfacing Lecture- 1- 6
Hardware Interfaces within a PC

Md. Shafiqul Islam, Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, DUET, Gazipur Peripherals & Interfacing Lecture- 1- 7
Types of Interfaces
 Standard Microcomputer Interfaces
 Parallel Interface
 Serial Interface
 Universal Serial Interface (USB)
 Other Interfaces
 General Purpose Interface Bus (GPIB)
 Custom Interfaces

Md. Shafiqul Islam, Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, DUET, Gazipur Peripherals & Interfacing Lecture- 1- 8
Md. Shafiqul Islam, Associate Professor, Dept. of CSE, DUET, Gazipur Peripherals & Interfacing Lecture- 1- 9

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