Techniques of mass instruction

“Lecture”

Presented to Presented by
Dr. MANJUALA S SREENIVASON
Associate Professor M.Sc. Nursing 1st year
SPURTHY COLLEGE SPURTHY COLLEGE OF
OF NURSING NURSING BANGALORE
BANGALORE
Objectives :
• Introduction
• Definition
• Types of lecture
• Domains of lecture
• Components of lecture
• Advantages of lecture method
• Disadvantages of lecture method
• Points to be keeping in mind while giving lecture
• Conclusion
 Introduction
Lecturing is a common method for delivering a lot of material to students. In a lecture, the
teacher stands in front of the classroom and explains the content. Lectures will often
provide students with the greatest amount of material in the shortest period of time. Further,
helping students work on taking notes during lectures will give them an important skill for
their future educational carriers.

It is special form of communication with proper voice, gesture, movement, facial

expression and eye contact.
Definition
• Lecture- is an oral presentation intended (planned) to present information or teach people
about a particular subject.

• “Lecture is when an instructor is the central focus of information transfer. Typically, an

instructor will stand before a class and present information for the students to learn.
Usually, very little exchange occurs between the instructor and the students during a
lecture.” -Carter Good’s Dictionary
 Lecture method
• Lecture method- is the teaching procedure comprising the presentation of content,
clarification of doubts and explanation of facts, principles and relationships.

• The lecture method is oldest method of teaching based on the philosophy of idealism and is an
autocratic style of teaching.

• Lecture method can be defined as an instructional procedure by which the lecturer seeks to
create interest, influence, stimulate and mould opinion, to promote activity, to impart
information or to develop critical thinking, largely by the use of the verbal message, with a
minimum of class participation, illustrations, maps, charts or other visual aids may be
employed to supplemented the oral technique.
Types of lecture
1. Traditional oral essay- teacher is an orator and the only speaker.

2. Participatory lecture- it begins with learners brainstorming ideas in the lecture topic on
what they have read in preparation.

3. Feedback lecture- it consists of mini-lecture with 10minutes small group discussion.

Here the teacher have opportunity to manipulate the lecture content.

4. Mediated lecture- in this, use of media such as films, slides, web-based images along
with traditional lecture.
Purposes of lecture method
 Stimulate critical thinking in students.
 Develop concentration and interest in students.
 Develop problem-solving on a factual basis.
 Achieve high order of cognitive objectives.
 Influence learners to inculcate the habits of listening and learning
 Introduce new content in the classroom
 Correlate subjects with other subjects

 Motivate and guide students.

Domains of lecture method

I. Objectives- to achieve the cognitive and affective objectives.

II. Activities- knowing and telling.

III.Nature of content- include concepts, facts, rules, principles, theories, problem solving
and creativity.
 Body
Components of lecture method
Introduction

Conclusion
 Student’s
interest

Preparation or
Control
planning

Qualities of
good Teacher

Good IPR &

Impartial
respect

All round
development
Factors considering while
planning lecture
• Related to student :-
o Capability and ability

o Interest and attitude

o Cognitive level

o Previous knowledge

o Type of programs e.g. ANM, GNM, B.Sc.(N), M.Sc.(N) etc.

• Related to teacher :-
o Knowledge and mastery over the subject matter.

o Teaching tactics include voice, gestures, eye contact and manners.

o Teacher-learning relationship.

o Preparation of lecture before presentation.

o Purpose or reason to be taught.

• Related to environment :-
o Time of the day e.g. morning lecture seems superior to afternoon lectures for recall
information

o Duration and length i.e. lecture more than 40 minutes can reduce the absorption and
assimilation power of students

o Use of audiovisual aids

o Good light facility

Advantages of the lecture
 Develops concentration in students.

 It is an economical teaching strategy.

 Highly cost-effective.

 Useful for large gathering.

 Easy to create.

 Familiar method
 Large subject content may be taught in a relatively small duration.

 Teacher serves as a role model for students.

 It helps students develops their listening skills.

 Time saving - A great deal of information can be communicated in one hour lecture.

 It provides current information or synthesis of information from many different sources.

Disadvantages of lecture method

 Content or subject centered not the student centered.

 Little emphasis on problem solving, decision making, analytical thinking or transfer of

learning.

 Communication is one way.

 It is not helpful to meeting student’s individual needs.

 Lecturing brings the problem of limited attention cover on the part of the learners.

 Teacher need special oral skills in delivering lecture. If not, the lecture become boring,
tiresome and uninteresting.
 Less or no involvement of students so they are at passive side.

 Minimizes feedback from students.

 Failure with the student of lower class e.g. below grade 4.

 Leaves gaps in understanding.

 Lecture does not allow the instructor estimate student understanding easily as the
material is covered.
Research input
Comparison of the effectiveness of lecture instruction and virtual reality-based serious
gaming instruction on the medical students’ learning outcome about approach to coma
Published on 2021
Meysam Siyah Mansoory , Mohammad Rasool Khazaei , Seyyed Mohsen Azizi and Elham
Niromand
Methodology :- We adopted a randomized trial method for this study and selected 50
medical students dividing them into experimental and control groups. Students’ learning
outcome was measured with a 10-item test. Serious game usability scale was used to
evaluate the usability of the serious game. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used
for data analysis by SPSS-22 software
• Result:
Students’ familiarity with e-learning and VRBSG was low. The mean usability of a VRBSG
was 126.78 ± 10.34 out of 150. The majority of students were eager to be instructed through
VRBSG. The mean score of learning outcomes in the experimental group was significantly
higher than the control group (t = − 2.457, P = 0.019).

• Conclusion:
Students’ learning outcomes in the VRBSG group in the test approach to coma were
significantly better than the lecture group. The usability of the serious game instruction
method was high. Taken together, instruction through VRBSG had an effective role in
medical students’ learning.
Points to be keeping in mind
while giving lecture
 Control your anxiety- an effective control mechanism is imaging.

 Spontaneity-

o Avoid reading to the class

o Do not write your lecture in full sentences

o Rehearse the delivery at home

 Voice quality- beware of lecturing in monotone

 Body language

o Do not stand glued to the podium

o Use your hand for emphasis but too much

 Speed of delivery – affects both the learner’s understanding and enjoyment of the
material

 Rapport – casual conversation for a minutes and give an opening attention gesture
Conclusion
Therefore with this entire limitations one should make each lecture lively, educative,
creative, thought provoking, understandable, relevant and enjoyable while disseminating
information. Lecturing is not about information transmission, is about personal, emotional
connection, bringing the subject alive for the audience. Lecture method is most commonly
followed in colleges and in schools in big classes. This method is not quite suitable to
realise the real aim of teaching sciences.
 Any
questions ?