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Vectors

The document outlines the policies and structure of an Applied Physics course (NS-125), emphasizing the need for students to pass both coursework and lab work separately. It covers fundamental concepts in physics, including scalar and vector quantities, types of vectors, vector addition, and multiplication, along with properties and examples. Additionally, it includes sample problems to illustrate the application of these concepts.

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16 views41 pages

Vectors

The document outlines the policies and structure of an Applied Physics course (NS-125), emphasizing the need for students to pass both coursework and lab work separately. It covers fundamental concepts in physics, including scalar and vector quantities, types of vectors, vector addition, and multiplication, along with properties and examples. Additionally, it includes sample problems to illustrate the application of these concepts.

Uploaded by

hamdaalee0440
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Applied Physics Course

Outline
NS-125
OVERALL POLICY:

• Student has to pass both Course work and Lab work


separately.

• Student failing in the Course work but passing in the


Lab work, has to repeat both Course work and Lab
work.

• Student failing in the Lab work but passing in the


Course work, has to repeat Lab work alone.
Vectors
SSC-Applied Physics
Hudabia Murtaza
What is a Scalar Quantity
What is a Vector Quantity
Scalar Vs Vector

Examples Examples
• Distance • Displacement
• Speed • Velocity
• Mass • Weight
• Time • Acceleration
• Length • Force
• Density etc.. • Momentum etc..
Representation of Vectors

• Usually are denoted by A and B (Boldface)


• Or another way of representing them is simply adding an
arrow on the top such as and
Vector Types

Zero Vector
Unit Vector
Co-initial Vector
Like and Unlike Vectors
Co-planar Vector
Collinear Vector
Equal Vector
Negative of a Vector
Zero Vector

It has magnitude equal to zero


Unit Vector:
• A vector which has a magnitude of unit length is called a unit
vector

=
=
Co-initial Vector:
The vectors which have the same starting point are called co-initial
vectors
Like and Unlike Vectors(Parallel and Anti-parallel)

• The vectors having the same direction are known as like vectors.
• On the contrary, the vectors having the opposite direction with
respect to each other are termed to be unlike vectors
Co-planar Vector Collinear Vector
• Three or more vectors lying in • Vectors which lie along the
the same plane or parallel to same line or parallel lines are
the same plane are known as known to be collinear vectors.
co-planar vectors They are also known as
parallel vectors.
Equal Vectors Negative of a vector
• Two or more vectors are said • If two vectors are the same in
to be equal when their magnitude but exactly
magnitude is equal and also opposite in direction then both
their direction is the same. the vectors are negative of
each other.
b=–b
Adding vectors Geometrically
Properties of Vectors

• Commutative property:
Associative property
Subtraction of Vectors
Types of vectors( on the basis of effect)

• Polar vectors
• Axial Vectors
Polar Vectors
Axial vectors
Components of vector , Resultant and
its Direction
Adding Vectors by Components

• If there are two vectors A=A +A+ A and B=B+B +B then they can
be added as

A+B=(A+B)+(A+B)+(A+B)
Example
Sample Problem3-4
a= 4.2m -1.5mA
b= -1.6m+2.9m
c= -3.7m

What is the vector sum r? also calculate its resultant and direction
Solution
Multiplication of a Vector

• Multiplication by a scalar
• Dot product/ Scalar product
• Cross Product/ Vector product
Multiplication by a scalar

• To multiply a vector by a scalar, simply multiply the


similar components, that is, the vector's magnitude by the
scalar's magnitude. This will result in a new vector with
the same direction but the product of the two magnitudes
Dot product/ Scalar product
Properties of Scalar Product

• A.B=B.A
• A.(B+C)=A.B+A.C
• Scalar product of two perpendicular vectors is zero
A.B=AB cos 90=0
• Scalar product of two paralle vectors is maximun
A.B=AB cos 0=AB
• Scalar product of two Anti-parallel vectors is negative
maximum
A.B=AB cos 180=-AB
• Scalar product of two same parallel vectors is given as
• A.A=AA cos 0=
Sample problem 3-6

• What is the angle between a= 3i -4j and b =-2i+3k?


Solution
Cross Product/ Vector product

• It is denoted by A x B by placing a cross sign between the


vectors. o So we have the equation, A x B = AB sinθη = C
Properties of Vector Product

• ABBA
• A(B+C)=AB+AC
• Vector product of two perpendicular vectors is maximum
AB= AB sin 90 =AB
• Vector product of two parallel vectors is null
AB =AB sin 0 = 0
• Vector product of two anti-parallel vectors is also null
AB =AB sin 180 = 0
• Vector product of two same vectors is also null
A =AA sin 0 = 0
Sample problem 3-8

• If a= 3i-4j and b=-2i+3k what is c=ab?


Solution

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