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The document provides an overview of using functions in Excel, detailing various types such as financial, logical, and statistical functions. It explains the structure of functions, including syntax, arguments, and examples like SUM, AVERAGE, and COUNTIF. Additionally, it highlights the advantages of using functions for efficiency and accuracy in calculations.

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2 views

Lecture_2,_3__AND_4_Advanced_Excel_Functions_-_handout.pptx__-__AutoRecover

The document provides an overview of using functions in Excel, detailing various types such as financial, logical, and statistical functions. It explains the structure of functions, including syntax, arguments, and examples like SUM, AVERAGE, and COUNTIF. Additionally, it highlights the advantages of using functions for efficiency and accuracy in calculations.

Uploaded by

gareb2003
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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USING FUNCTIONS IN EXCEL

EDDONS MUNTHALI

07/02/ 2022
Vocabulary

 Argument
Functions
 date and time functions

 financial functions

 logical functions

 mathematical functions

 statistical functions

 text functions

 trigonometric functions

2 Lecturer: Eddons 2
What Are Functions?
 A function is a shorthand way to write an
equation that performs a calculation.
 A formula with a function has three parts:
 The equal sign identifies the cell contents as a
formula.
 The function name identifies the operation to
be performed.
 The argument is the value the function uses to
perform a calculation.
Parts of a function

3 Lecturer: Eddons 3
Using Functions in Excel

Some function examples:


 SUM, MIN, MAX, AVERAGE,
COUNT, COUNTA
 ROUND

 COUNTIF, SUMIF, AVERAGEIF


A Function is a predefined worksheet
formula
The advantage of
using a function:
 Saves time writing

 Simplifies complex calculations

 Faster execution

 Less chance of typographical errors

 Fewer characters in the formula bar

Example: instead of = C5+C6+C7+C8


use =SUM(C5:C8)
Functions take arguments and return a result
The general format of a function is -
=Functionname(arguments)
 Arguments – argument variables are used by the

function to calculate the result. Arguments appear in a


specific order.
 Syntax – specific format required to use a function
its name and order of arguments
 Result – the value calculated by the function
 Algorithm – a step-by-step procedure for
accomplishing some end task.
The SUM Function
 Syntax: SUM(range) or SUM(num1, num2, …)
Can type into cell, use AutoSum toolbar button or
function wizard
 Argument: Value or Range of cells to be
summed
 Algorithm: Arithmetic sum of all values listed in
the range argument

Example: In the formula =SUM(B2:B8) * 3 Excel will add


the values in cells B2 through B8 and then multiple the
result by 3.
Arguments of a SUM function
Valid Range Arguments for a SUM
function
 A1:A4 - Range along a column

 A1:D1 - Range along a row

 A1:D4 - A two-dimensional range

(Block)
 A1, D3:D5, 7 - non-contiguous cells*

* not all range arguments of functions can be


used with non-contiguous cells
Using functions
A B C D E F G H
1 Grade Book
2 Lab1 Lab2 MT Final Total Percent
3 Total Possible points Honors 10 20 100 200 330
4
5 Blue H 9 15 88 186 298 90.3%
6 Jones 5 77 155 237 71.8%
7 Smith H 10 18 91 190 309 93.6%
8 Grey 7 10 75 155 247 74.8%
9
10 Highest Score 10 18 91 190 309 93.6%
11 Lowest Score 5 10 75 155 237 71.8%

What formula is written in cell G5 and copied


down the column to determine the total points
earned by the corresponding student? (grades.xls)
Function Wizard
 Function wizard: A short-cut to all the
functions in excel (use fx toolbar button)
that walks you through building a function
Common Functions- with only a range argument
SUM(number1,[number2],…) Adds the numbers in a range of cells
AVERAGE(SUM(number1,[number2],) Calculates the arithmetic mean of a
list of values
MIN(SUM(number1,[number2],…) Returns the smallest number of a
range of values

MAX(SUM(number1,[number2],…) Returns the largest number of a


range of values

COUNT(value1,[value2],…) Determines the number of cells in a


range that contain numbers
COUNTA(value1, [value2],…) Counts non-blank cells

Where number1, number2 are 1 to 255 numeric arguments.


Arguments can either be numbers, ranged names or ranges
of cell references which contain numbers.
How a function’s algorithm can affect the
resulting value
 How does the Average
function algorithm treat
A
blank cells? 1 10
 What value will result in 2 20
3
cell A5 if it contains the
4 30
formula 5 =AVERAGE(A1:A4)
=AVERAGE(A1:A4)?
How many Honor students are there?
If scores should only be reported as
integers.. How can we fix this in Excel?

The Increase/Decrease
decimal buttons do NOT
change a value only how
the value is displayed.

Use the ROUND function to change


the precision of a value
The Round Function changes the precise value
of a number, not just its display
Syntax: =Round (number, num_digits)
 = Round (24.44,1) results in the value 24.4
 The ROUND function can be part of a larger
formula:
 What value results: =Round (X2,0)*10 if cell X2
contains the value 92.2?
 How would your write a formula to round the
average value in cells Cl:C10 to the nearest ten?
The num_digits argument
 Positive num_digits
round to the
specified number of
decimal places
 A zero results in a
whole number
 Negative
num_digits round
values to tens,
hundreds etc.
Notice the Σ SUM gives different
results when adding rounded values

The formula in cell C2 is =B2 – copied down


The formula in cell D2 is =Round(B2,0) – copied down
The formula in Cell B5 is =SUM(B2:B4) - copied across
Counting the number of honor students

How can we count the number of honor


students if regular students have the letter R
in the honor’s column? Before we used a
COUNTA and ignored blanks but counted
text.
Use the COUNTIF Function

The COUNTIF function counts the number


of values that meet a specified criteria:
The COUNTIF Function counts the number of
items in a range that meet a specific criteria.
COUNTIF (range*, criteria) –
Range - a continuous cell range
Criteria Syntax:
- A number 6 =COUNTIF(B2:B7,6)
- Text “USA” =COUNTIF(A1:A50,“USA”)
- A cell reference B2 =COUNTIF(C3:C10,B2)
- A Boolean expression “>5” =COUNTIF(A1:A10,“>5”)

* The comma tells the computer the next argument is the criteria – so
you cannot list individual cells separated by a comma for the range
How many people scored above 6
points on either lab?
The SUMIF Function sums the values in a
range that meet a specific criteria
SUMIF(range, criteria, sum-range)
Range – Continuous range used to compare the criteria
Criteria – Comparison Criteria
Sum-Range - If criteria is met, the computer will sum
the corresponding entry in this range
The syntax of the criteria is the same as the syntax of
the COUNTIF function:
- a number such as 6
- text such as “Honor”
- a Boolean value such as “<2”
- a cell reference such as A1
Sumif Function

Write a formula in cell


C9, which can be
copied down the
column, to summarize
the number of courses
being taken by students
in this college

=SUMIF(B$2:B$6,A9, C$2:C$6)
Use the AVERAGEIF function to average values
that meet a specified criteria – average number of
courses taken by students in each college

=AVERAGEIF(B$2:B$6,A9, C$2:C$6)

AVERAGEIF(range, criteria, averagif-range) – works


identically to the SUMIF function except it averages
the specified range.

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