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Management Information System Lecture-1

The document provides an overview of Management Information Systems, defining a system as an organized set of independent components working towards a specific goal. It outlines the essential elements of a system, including input, processor, output, and feedback & control, along with characteristics such as organization, interaction, interdependence, integration, and a central objective. Additionally, it categorizes systems into various types, including conceptual vs. physical, natural vs. artificial, open vs. closed, and deterministic vs. probabilistic systems.

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12 views10 pages

Management Information System Lecture-1

The document provides an overview of Management Information Systems, defining a system as an organized set of independent components working towards a specific goal. It outlines the essential elements of a system, including input, processor, output, and feedback & control, along with characteristics such as organization, interaction, interdependence, integration, and a central objective. Additionally, it categorizes systems into various types, including conceptual vs. physical, natural vs. artificial, open vs. closed, and deterministic vs. probabilistic systems.

Uploaded by

petroindustries
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Management

Information System
Lecture-1
Made by:
Manish Kumar Aery(IM66)
Department of computer Application
IET Bhaddal (Ropar)
System Definition
 System- System means the organized relationship among the functioning units.

 Definition- A system is an orderly set of independent components linked together according to


plan to achieve a specific objective.
OR
 A System is a set of independent components that work together to achieve a specific
goal/result
ELEMENTS OF THE SYSTEM
 The system elements are:
 1. Input.
 2. Processor.
 3. Output.
 Feedback & Control.

These elements are common to all systems. These are the


elements by which all systems are described

Input : It is anything we wish to enter in a system for some type of use.
It may be raw material, data, physical source, knowledge or any energy
to decide the nature of output.


Processor : It is defined as the activity that makes possible the
transformation of input to output. When data is processed through
computer it is processed through logical steps.


Output : It is end result of the operation. In other words it is the
purpose or the main objective for which the system is designed.
Though output is largely dependent on input, its nature or format may
vary vastly from the input

Feedback & control : A system with feedback and control is some
times called cybernetic system, that is self monitoring ,self regulating
system. feedback is data about the performance. Control involves
monitoring and evaluating feedback to determine weather the system is
moving towards the achievement of its goal.
Characteristics of a System
 There are five types of characteristics for a system. They are
 1. Organization

2. Interaction
3. Interdependence
4. Integration
5. A central objective
ORGANIZATION: Organization implies structure and order. It can
also be defined as the arrangement of components that helps to
achieve objectives.
INTERACTION: Interaction refers to the manner in which each
component functions with other components of the system.ie, there
should be an interrelationship between each components of a
system.
 INTERDEPENDENCE: This is one of the important characteristics of a system.
Interdependence means the parts or the components of an organization or computer
system depend on one another. Each component or parts should depend on other
components of an organization. One component or subsystem depends on the input
of another subsystem for proper functioning, ie, the output of one subsystem is
required input for another subsystem.

 INTEGRATION: Integration refers to the holism of systems. Synthesis follows


analysis to achieve the central objective of the organization. It is concerned with
how a system is tied together. It is more than sharing a physical part or location. It
means that parts of the system work together within the system even though each
part performs a unique function.

CENTRAL OBJECTIVE: The last characteristic of a system is its central


objective. Objectives may be real or stated. The important point is that users must
know the central objective of a computer application early in the analysis for a
successful design and conversion.
TYPES OF THE SYSTEM
 Conceptual & Physical system.
 Natural & Artificial systems.
 Open & Closed systems.
 Deterministic & probabilistic system.
1.Conceptual (abstract) system is an orderly arrangement
of independent ideas.
2. Physical system: These are the concrete operational
systems made up of people material, machines energy &
other physical things
3Natural systems: All the naturally occurring systems are
called as natural systems.
4 Artificial system: All man made systems are called as
artificial systems.
5.Open system: Open system is that system which interacts
with its environment.
6. Closed system: Closed system is that system which
does not interact with its environment. It has only
controlled & well defined input & output.
7. Deterministic system: It is a system which
operates in predictable manner. Stepwise execution
is always possible & output is sure.
8. Probabilistic system: It is a system which operates
in unpredictable manner & degree of error is always
possible. Also output is not sure.
K ’S
A N
T H

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