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HAEMOSTASIS

Hemostasis is the process of stopping bleeding from an injured blood vessel, consisting of four stages: vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, coagulation, and clot retraction. Vasoconstriction occurs immediately after injury, followed by the activation and aggregation of platelets to form a temporary plug. Coagulation involves the activation of clotting factors, leading to the formation of fibrin, while clot retraction helps to pull the edges of the vessel together to aid in healing.

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9 views17 pages

HAEMOSTASIS

Hemostasis is the process of stopping bleeding from an injured blood vessel, consisting of four stages: vasoconstriction, platelet plug formation, coagulation, and clot retraction. Vasoconstriction occurs immediately after injury, followed by the activation and aggregation of platelets to form a temporary plug. Coagulation involves the activation of clotting factors, leading to the formation of fibrin, while clot retraction helps to pull the edges of the vessel together to aid in healing.

Uploaded by

mdtarekujjaman716
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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HAEMOSTASIS

HEMOSTASIS:
Hemostasis means spontaneous cessation
of bleeding from injured blood vessel.
STAGES:
1. Vasoconstriction
2. Platelet plug formation
3. Coagulation
4. Clot retraction
VASOCONSTRICTION:
. Following injury to the blood vessel, vasospasm
of the cut vessel occurs
. It starts immediately and lasts for many
minutes and even for hours
Mechanism:
. Smooth muscle contraction of the vessel
. Neural reflex
. Chemicals- serotonin and thromboxane A2
released from platelets
PLATELET PLUG FORMATION:
. When platelets come in contact with a
damaged blood vessel they become
activated, their surface becomes sticky and
they adhere to the damaged wall.
. The adherent platelets clump to each other
and release other substances, including
adenosine diphosphate (ADP), which attract
more platelets to the site.
. Other platelets stick to these platelets
and also releases chemicals
. This is a positive feedback system by
which many platelets rapidly arrive at the
site of vascular damage and quickly form a
temporary seal – the platelet plug
COAGULATION:
. Coagulation of blood occurs due to
activation of clotting factors.
. Occurs in three major stages
I) formation of prothrombin activator
(Activated factor X, phospholipid, calcium ion,
activated factor V) :
- Extrinsic pathway
- Intrinsic pathway
II) Conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
III) Conversion of fibrinogrn to fibrin
CLOT RETRACTION:
. Within a few minutes after a clot is formed, it
begins to contract and usually expresses most
of the fluid from the clot within 20-60 minutes
. As the clot retracts, the edges of the broken
blood vessel are pulled together, thus
contributing still further to hemostasis
FIBRINOLYSIS

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