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COS 101 - Lecture 1

COS 101 is an introductory course on computing covering topics such as the history of computing, basic computer components, and the impact of technology on society. The course includes class policies on attendance and assignment submissions, as well as learning resources like lectures and lab sessions. Key concepts include hardware, software, humanware, and the evolution of computers through different generations.

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7 views27 pages

COS 101 - Lecture 1

COS 101 is an introductory course on computing covering topics such as the history of computing, basic computer components, and the impact of technology on society. The course includes class policies on attendance and assignment submissions, as well as learning resources like lectures and lab sessions. Key concepts include hardware, software, humanware, and the evolution of computers through different generations.

Uploaded by

usmanumargaya10
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COS 101 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING

Khalifa Isyaku Rabiu University


Department of Mathematics and Computer Science

1
Course contents

● History of Computing​
● Basic components of a computer: Input/output devices and
peripherals​
● Hardware, software and Human ware​
● Information processing and its role in society​
● The Internet, its application and its impact on the world
today​
● The different areas and programs of computing discipline​
● The job specializations for computing professionals​
● The future of computing
2
Class Policy

● A student must reach the class-room in time. Late comers


may join the class but are not entitled to be marked present.​

● Attendance shall be marked at the start of the class and


students failing to secure 75% attendance will not be
allowed to sit in exam.​

● The assignment submission deadline must be observed. In


case of late submission, ten percent must be deducted.​

● Mobile phone must be switched-off in the class-rooms.


3
COS 101 Learning Resources

● Each week you will have​

● 1x Lecture session​
● 1x Lab Session

4
Objectives Overview

Describe the purpose and


uses of smartphones, digital
Differentiate among Describe the relationship
cameras, portable and
laptops, tablets, desktops, between data and
digital media players, e-
and servers information
book readers, wearable
devices, and game devices

Explain the Basic Input device/ Output Hardware/ Software/


components of computer device/ Peripherals Human ware

5
Brief History of Computer

● It was invented by hard work of many scientists.​

● Charles Babbage is called the father of modern computer.​

● He invented the structure of computer at first in 1833.​

● He designed a fully automatic analytical engine in 1842 for


performing basic arithmetic functions.​

● His efforts established a number of principles that are


fundamental to the design of any digital computer.
6
Generation of Computers

● Computer is divided into the following generations​

● 1st Generation (1942-1958)​

● 2nd Generation (1958-1965)​

● 3rd Generation (1965-1970)​

● 4th Generation (1970-1995)​

● 5th Generation (1995-Future)


7
Some Early well known computers

The Mark I Computer (1937-44)​

The anatasoff-Berry Computer (1939-42)​

The ENIAC (1943-46)​

The EDVAC (1946-52)​

The EDSAC (1947-49)​

Manchester Mark I (1948)​

The UNIVAC I (1951)


8
Today’s Technology

• Because technology
changes, you must keep
up with the changes to
remain digitally literate
• Digital literacy involves
having a current
knowledge and
understanding of
computers, mobile
devices, the web, and
related technologies
9
Computers

• A computer is an electronic device, operating


under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory

Accepts Produces
data Processing information
(input) (output)

10
Computers

• Laptop
• Tablet
• Desktop
and All-in-One
• Server

11
Mobile and Game Devices

Smartphone

Digital camera

Portable and digital media player

E-book reader

Wearable device

Game device
12
Data and Information

. 13
Basic Components of Computer
● Input devices are hardware components or peripherals that
allow users to interact with a computer or electronic device
by providing data or commands.

● These devices enable users to input information or control


the device's functions. Some common input devices include
keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, trackpad, graphics Tablet,
gamepad, joystick etc

14
Input Devices

• A keyboard contains keys


you press to enter data
and instructions into a
computer or mobile
device

. 15
Input Devices (contd)
• A pointing device is an
input device that allows a
user to control a small
symbol on the screen
called the pointer
• Some mobile devices and
computers enable you to
speak data instructions
using voice input and to
capture live full-motion
images using video input

16
Input Devices

• A scanner is a light-sensing input device that


converts printed text and images into a form the
computer can process

17
Output Device

• An output device is any hardware component


that conveys information from a computer or
mobile device to one or more people
• A printer is an output device that produces text
and graphics on a physical medium, such as paper
or other material
– A 3-D printer can print solid objects, such as clothing,
prosthetics, eyewear, implants, toys, parts, prototypes,
and more
18
Output Device

. 19
Output Device (contd)

• A display is an output device that visually conveys


text, graphics, and video information

. 20
Output Device

• Speakers allow you to hear audio such as music,


voice, and other sounds
– Earbuds
– Headphones

21
Hardware

• Hardware refers to the physical components


of a computer system or electronic device
that you can touch and interact with.

• These components work together to perform


tasks and execute programs. Some common
hardware components include central
processing unit (CPU), motherboard, random
access memory (RAM), storage devices,
graphics processing unit (GPU) etc
22
Software

• Software, also called a program, tells the


computer what tasks to perform and how to
perform them
System Software
• Operating system
• Tools

Applications

23
Software

• Installing a program is the process of setting up


the program to work with the computer, mobile
device, printer, and/or other hardware
• Once installed, you can run a program so that you
can interact with it
• You interact with a program through its user
interface

24
Software (contd)

• A software developer, sometimes called a developer


or programmer, is someone who develops programs
and apps or writes the instructions that direct the
computer or mobile device to process data into
information

25
Humanware
•
Humanware refers to the aspect of technology that
focuses on the human user, emphasizing
accessibility, usability, and inclusivity

●
It encompasses hardware, software, and design
considerations aimed at making technology more
accessible to people with disabilities and diverse
needs.

• By prioritizing the needs of all users, humanware aims to


create technology that enhances the lives and
experiences of everyone, regardless of their abilities or
circumstances.
26
Chapter Summary

Brief History of Basic components input device,


computer of computer output device

Hardware
Humanware
software

27

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