Introduction to
Sensors and
Modules for
Arduino Board
Arduino
• Open-source microcontroller
platform
• Used for electronics projects and
prototyping
• Programmable via Arduino IDE
• Features multiple digital & analog
I/O pins
HC-SR04
Ultrasonic
Sensor
• Measures distance using ultrasonic
waves
• Range: 2 cm to 400 cm
• Ideal for obstacle detection and
distance measurement
• Applications: Robotics, object
detection, automatic doors
LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
• Detects light intensity
• Resistance decreases as light intensity
increases
• Commonly used in automatic lighting
and light-sensitive devices
IR Proximity Sensor
• Detects objects in proximity using infrared
light
• Non-contact object detection
• Applications: Obstacle avoidance, touchless
switches, and home automation
DHT11 Temperature
& Humidity Sensor
• Measures both temperature and
humidity
• Simple and low-cost sensor
• Applications: Weather monitoring, HVAC
systems
LM35 Temperature Sensor
• Precision temperature sensor
• Linear output proportional to temperature (in °C)
• Suitable for temperature control, HVAC systems
PIR Sensor (Passive Infrared Sensor)
• Detects motion by sensing infrared
radiation from living beings
• Ideal for motion detection and
security systems
• Applications: Motion-activated
lights, security alarms, and
automation
L293D Motor Driver
IC
• Dual H-Bridge motor driver
• Used to control motor speed and
direction
• Common in robotics and automation
projects
Applications in Projects
• Smart Home Systems (LDR, DHT11, PIR Sensor, IR Sensor)
• Robotics (HC-SR04, L293D)
• Weather Stations (DHT11, LM35)
• Security Systems (PIR Sensor, IR Sensor)
• Automation Systems (IR Sensor, L293D)
Thank You