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Tra Terminologies

The document outlines key terminologies and concepts related to translation, including definitions of source and target languages, back translation, and various translation tools. It discusses linguistic terms, specialized fields, advanced concepts, challenges in translation, and cultural considerations. Additionally, it highlights the roles of professionals in the translation industry, such as localization engineers and freelance translators.

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Bahruddin Shewachy
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5 views9 pages

Tra Terminologies

The document outlines key terminologies and concepts related to translation, including definitions of source and target languages, back translation, and various translation tools. It discusses linguistic terms, specialized fields, advanced concepts, challenges in translation, and cultural considerations. Additionally, it highlights the roles of professionals in the translation industry, such as localization engineers and freelance translators.

Uploaded by

Bahruddin Shewachy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Translation

Terminologies
 Source Language: language to be translated
Target Language: translated language
 Back Translation: To translate a translated text back to source
language to check its accuracy
 CAT Tools (computer-assisted translation): Software to help in
translation especially in glossaries like: Trados or MemoQ
 Localization: to adapt content to suit a specific culture or region
 Machine Translation: using automated tools like: google
Linguistic terms:
 Equivalence: matching meaning between SL and TL
 Dynamic Eqivalence: focuses on effect
 Formal Equivalence: focuses on literal accuracy
 Faux Friend: words that look similar with different meaning
 Transcription: writing spoken words phonetically
 Untranslatable: words with no equivalent in some languages
 Realia: culture-specific-terms
 Homonym: words with the same spelling but different meaning
Specialized field:
 Controlled Language: simplified for clarity
 Linguistic Validation: to meet regulatory standards
 Sublanguage: specific jargons in a language
 Semantic field: group of related words like forgettable
 Vernacular: everyday language of a region
 Dialect: regional language variation
Tools and technology:
 Hybrid Translation: to combine human and machine translation
 Alignment: matching source and translated segments
 Concordance: search tool to find TM matches for specific terms
 Fuzzy Match: partial TM match (75% similarity)
 Text Expansion/contraction: adjusting layout when translation
changes length
 XML Localization Interchange File Format: standard of localization
data change
 Pseudo Translation: simulating translation to test software layout or test how
a software handle translation (fake Tr)
Advanced concepts:
o Decoding: extracting meaning from the source text
o Encoding: Putting the meaning in to new text
o Transfer: converting decoded meaning into the TL
o Unit of Translation: segment being translated (word, phrase)
o Contrastive Analysis: comparing two languages to predict translation
challenges
o Rendering: the final translated output
Challenges:
 Omission: to leave out some elements
 Overtranslation: adding unnecessary translation
 Undertransltion: omitting key details
 Compensation: Replacing untranslatable elements
Miscellaneous:
 Bilingual: fluent in two languages
 Gisting: rough translation to grasp the main idea
 Sight Translation: oral translation of a written text on sight
 Parallel Text: source and target text displayed side-by-side
 Segmentation: dividing text into translatable units
 Annotation: adding explanatory notes to translation
 Corpus: large text collection used for linguistic analysis
Cultural and Contextual
 Cultural Adaptation: modifying content to respect culture
 Regionalism: terms specific to a region
 Nativization: adapting foreign words to local pronunciation
 Skopos Theory: translation strategy based on the text’s purpose
 Localization Engineer: Handles technical aspects of localization
 Freelance-Translator: self-employed language professional

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