Scribd
Upload
9 views50 pages

CHPT 16

This document provides an introduction to basic geometric concepts, including points, lines, planes, segments, rays, and angles. It outlines key definitions, postulates, and theorems that form the foundation of geometry, such as the segment addition postulate and the angle addition postulate. Additionally, it explains the relationships between geometric figures and the properties of congruence and intersection.

Uploaded by

Chetan Gogi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views50 pages

CHPT 16

This document provides an introduction to basic geometric concepts, including points, lines, planes, segments, rays, and angles. It outlines key definitions, postulates, and theorems that form the foundation of geometry, such as the segment addition postulate and the angle addition postulate. Additionally, it explains the relationships between geometric figures and the properties of congruence and intersection.

Uploaded by

Chetan Gogi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 50

CHAPTER 1

SECTION
SECTION 1-1
1-1
A
A Game
Game and
and
Some
Some Geometry
Geometry
SECTION 1-2
Points, Lines
and Planes
POINT– it indicates a
specific location and is
represented by a dot and a
letter, but it has no
dimensions
•R •S
•T
LINE – is a set of points that
extends without end in two
opposite directions

R S
«—•—————•—»
line RS
PLANE – is a set of
points that extends in all
directions along a flat
surface

•Y • W
COLLINEAR POINTS –
points that lie on the
same line
F•
C D E
«• • • »
COPLANAR POINTS –
are points that lie in the
same plane
• E
A •B C•
•
•
D
INTERSECTION – set of
all points common to two
geometric figures

« P
• »
« »
SECTION 1-3
Segments, Rays
and Distances
RAY – a part of a line
that begins at one point,
called the ENDPOINT
and extends without end
in one direction
• » « •
K J
LINE SEGMENT - part of
a line that begins at one
endpoint and ends at
another

• •
F G
POSTULATES - accepted
as true without proof
RULER POSTULATE
The points on any line
can be paired with the
real numbers in such a
way that any point can
be paired with 0 and any
other point can be
paired with 1.
The real number paired
with each point is the
coordinate of that point.
The distance between any
two points on the line is
equal to the absolute
value of the difference of
their coordinates.
THE SEGMENT
ADDITION
POSTULATE

If point B is between
points A and C, then

AB +BC = AC
Given the figure below:

• • •
A B C
AC = 47, AB = n – 5, and
BC = n + 8, Find AB
AC = AB + BC
47 = (n – 5) + (n + 8)
47 = 2n + 3
44 = 2n
22 = n, therefore
AB = 22-5 or 17
Congruent segments
segments that are equal
in length

12 12
• RS •
K J
MIDPOINT– the point that
divides a segment into two
segments of equal length.
BISECTOR of a
SEGMENT– is any line,
segment, ray, or plane that
intersects the segment at its
midpoint.
M
R• •S
SECTION 1-4
Angles
ANGLE– the union of two
rays with a common endpoint.
The rays are called sides
VERTEX – endpoint of an
angle
A
•
B• •
C
C
PROTRACTOR
POSTULATE
Let O be a point on AB
such that O is between A
and B. Then ray OA can
be paired with O° and ray
OB can be paired with
180°
P• Q
•
180º 0º
• • •
B O A
If OP is paired with x
and OQ is paired with
y, then the number
paired with measure
of angle POQ is | x – y
|. This is called the
measure of angle
POQ.
ANGLE ADDITION
POSTULATE
If point B lies in the interior
of angle AOC, then:
mAOB + m BOC = m
AOC
A•
B
•
O C
•
CONGRUENT ANGLES
angles that have
equal measures

40°

40°
ADJACENT ANGLES
two angles in the
same plane that share
a common side and a
common vertex, but
have no interior
points in common
ADJACEN
T
A•
ANGLES
B
•
O C
•
AOB and BOC
BISECTOR of an
ANGLE is the ray
that divides the angle
into two congruent
adjacent angles.
A•
B
•
O C
•
M AOB = M 
Section 1-5
Postulates
Postulates and
and
Theorems
Theorems Relating
Relating
Points,
Points, Lines,
Lines, and
and Planes
Planes
POSTULATE 5

• A line contains at least two


points; a plane contains at
least three points not all in
one line; space contains at
least four points not all in
one plane.
POSTULATE 6

•Through any two


points there is exactly
one line (Two points
determine a line)
POSTULATE 7
•Through any three points,
there is at least one plane,
and through any three
noncollinear points there is
exactly one plane.
•E
•F ••
G
POSTULATE 8
•If two points are in a
plane, then the line
that contains the
points is in that
plane.
•
E
••
G
POSTULATE 9
•If two planes
intersect, then their
intersection is a line
K
•
W
U
J•
THEOREMS – Statements
that have been proven.
THEOREM 1-1
•If two lines intersect,
then they intersect in
exactly one point.
P
«• • • »
A B
THEOREM 1-2
•Through a line and a
point not in the line
there is exactly one
plane.
THEOREM 1-3
•If two lines intersect,
then exactly one plane
contains the lines.
F
•
E
••
G
D
THE
THE END
END

You might also like