Learning

Outcomes

After this lecture, you will be able to

• learn about different types of keyboard
• basic functionality about keyboards
• acquainted with the use of various keys
of keyboard
Bonvita Quiz Contest

Which of the following is the smallest entity of

memory?

(a) Block
(b) Cell
(c) Instance
(d) Set
Which of the following is the smallest entity of
memory?

(a) Block
(b) Cell
(c) Instance
(d) Set
Which of the following statements are not
correct about the main memory of a computer?

(a) In main memory, data gets lost when power

is switched off.
(b) Main memory is faster than secondary
memory but slower than registers.
(c) They are made up of semiconductors.
(d) All are correct
Which of the following statements are not
correct about the main memory of a computer?

(a) In main memory, data gets lost when power

is switched off.
(b) Main memory is faster than secondary
memory but slower than registers.
(c) They are made up of semiconductors.
(d) All are correct
So lets talk about today’s topic!
Keyboard

• Is a portable wired or wireless electronic device

that contains all the alphabets, numeric, symbols
and special characters.
• Used for entering input data into a laptop/
desktop computer system.
Keyboard

• Small buttons on the keyboard are called keys.

• A standard keyboard has 104 keys.

• We can type letters, numbers and symbols by

pressing keys.
Evolution of the keyboard
Evolution of the keyboard

• simpler double-row keyboard

• this design was prone to jamming and proved

less than ideal, prompting its creator to adapt and
improve.
1st QWERTY layout

• In 1868, the double-row keyboard was split into

four rows.

• Numeral digits were brought to the top, vowels

were brought to the second row, and the alphabet
was dissected with B-M on the third row and N-Z
on the fourth:
• In 1873, after Remington purchased rights to the
typewriter, several refinements were made to the
layout.

• These refinements helped to minimize jamming

by splitting apart commonly paired letters and
pushing them to opposite ends of the keyboard,
but also added in a few extra symbols for typists:
• A few more refinements and we arrive at
the modern QWERTY layout, which has
been in use for over a century by now:
MYTH

• One myth regarding QWERTY is that it was designed

to purposely slow down typists.

• Despite having a basis in truth, minimal jamming was

a priority -- the designers did not seek to achieve this
through forced reduction in typing speed.

• Instead, they focused on an "alternating hands"

design, which improved speed and reduced jamming.
Dvorak:In 1936

• The goal of the Dvorak keyboard was to identify

all of QWERTY's shortcomings in relation to
typing error frequency, suboptimal typing speed,
and finger fatigue for typists.

• After at least 18 years of study and research, the

Dvorak layout was born:
Colemak: In 2006

• Colemak can be thought of as a compromise between

the two.

• Just as Dvorak was a response to QWERTY's

shortcomings, Colemak addresses the failures of Dvorak
but does so in a way that doesn't alienate current
QWERTY users.

• The intended result is a layout that aims for speed,

efficiency, minimal repetitive stress injuries, and an easy
learning curve for QWERTY typists.
Task to do.

• Except the mentioned Keyboards find out the

remaining ones
Features of Keyboard

• Keyboards are less expensive.

• There are four chief parts of a keyboard and they

are the main keyboard, cursor keys, numeric
keypad and function keys.
Types of Keys

Alphabetic
Keys

Cursor Number
Arrow Keys Keys
Types of
Keys

Special Function
Keys Keys
Alphabet Keys

• Alphabet keys are used to type letters, words or

sentences.

• There are 26 alphabet keys on a keyboard

(from A to Z).
Number Keys

• Number keys are used to type numbers from 0-9.

• There are 10 number keys on a keyboard. (0,1,2,…9)

• There are two set of number keys on a standard
keyboard.
Cursor Control Keys

• It is also called as Arrow keys.

• There are 4 cursor control keys.

• These keys are used to move the cursor in four

directions on the monitor- up, down, left and right.
Cursor

Cursor is a small blinking line on the computer

screen.
Cursor Control Keys

Home Key
Moves the cursor to the starting of the current r
ow in a document.
Cursor Control Keys

EndKey
Moves the cursor to the end of the current row i
n a document.
Cursor Control Keys

PageUp Key
Scrolls the document up one screenful.
Cursor Control Keys

PageDown Key
Scrolls the document down one screenful.
Cursor Control Keys

Backspace Key
Moves the cursor one column back by deleting
the contents on the previous column.
Cursor Control Keys

Esc Key
A key on computer keyboards, usually labeled Esc.
Pressing the Escape key usually cancels or aborts
the current operation.
Function keys

• There are 12 function keys.

• They are placed at the top row of the keyboard.

• They are marked from F1 to F12.

Functionality from F1 to F12

Function Key Use

This key opens up the “Help Screen” for almost every

F1
program.

F2 This key allows you to “Rename” a selected file/folder.

This key opens the “Search Feature” for the application that’s
F3
currently active.

F4 Close an active window combining “Alt with F4”.

This key allows you to “Refresh/Reload” the current page or

F5
document window.

F6 This key highlights the “Address bar” in most browsers.

Functionality from F1 to F12

Function Key Use

This key “Spell/Grammar Checks” a document in microsoft
F7
applications.

With this key. “Turn on the Boot Menu” on the startup of your
F8
windows computer.

“Refresh” a Microsoft Word document & “Send and Receive”

F9
emails on Microsoft Outlook.

“Shift + F10” works same as right click that activates the menu
F10
bar.

“Enter and Exit FullScreen Mode” on your internet browser

F11
with this function key.

This key “Opens the Save As Dialogue Box” on Microsoft

F12
Word
Special Keys

Function Keys Special Keys Lock Keys

Direction Keys
Numeric Keys Normal Keys Numeric Keypad
Let's try these shortcuts and you will tell me what
happens?

• Windows key + D letter key/Windows key + M

letter key
Lets try these shortcuts and you will tell me what
happens?

• Windows key + D letter key/Windows key + M

letter key

• It minimizes all open windows immediately

• Saves you if you don't want to show a certain

person what you're onto in case they walk in on
you without notice!
Lets try these shortcuts and you will tell me what
happens?

• Windows key + D letter key/Windows key + M

letter key

• It minimizes all open windows immediately

• Saves you if you don't want to show a certain

person what you're onto in case they walk in on
you without notice!
• Windows key + L letter key
• Windows key + L letter key

• this shortcut gets better if you have a password

on your PC -- as then, only pressing these keys
on your keyboard will give you the freedom to
leave your system with all your applications
running, without the fear of invasion of security
• Ctrl key + Shift key + T letter key
• Ctrl key + Shift key + T letter key

• just press these three keys together to

open it again without the hassle of going to
history and re-opening it.
Special keys

Spacebar key
• It is the longest key on the keyboard.
• It is used to insert blank spaces between letters,
numbers and words.
Enter Key

• This key is used to create a new line and move the

cursor to the beginning of this line.

• It is also called as Return key.

• There are two Enter keys on a keyboard.

 Caps Lock Key

• This key is used to type letters

of the alphabet in capitals.

• It is placed on the left side of a

keyboard.

• When you press the Caps Lock

Key the light on the keyboard
will turn ON. If you press it
again, the light will turn OFF.
Backspace Key and Delete key

• These keys are used to erase unwanted letters.

• Backspace key removes the character present on the

left side of the cursor.

• Delete key removes the character present on the

right side of the cursor.
Shift Key

• There are two shift keys on a keyboard.

• Shift keys are used in combination with other keys.

• Shift key can be used to type capital letters if caps

lock key is off.

• Shift key can also be used to type symbols.

Tab Key

Tab Key:
Allows the cursor to jump five spaces forward
All the above keys combined together form a
Keyboard

Escape Control Alt Enter Shift Delete

Typing Keys Function Keys Indicator Lights

Control Keys Navigation Keys Numeric Keypad

Types of Keyboard

• The computer keyboard is a device that allows a

person to input text using keys representing the
alphabet, numbers, and special symbols.

• These devices come in different shapes and

sizes.

• There are different styles to choose from, some

specifically designed to suit your needs.
Mechanical keyboard

• Built with spring activated key switches.

• These switches are made of several moving parts

• most common type of keyboard available today.

Mechanical keyboard

• Because of the high-quality construction of these

switches, users go for this type to get the best

typing experience.

• They tend to be more durable than regular

keyboards
 Flexible Keyboards

• Flexible in nature

• Made from soft materials like silicone

that allow the keyboard to be folded
or rolled into a smaller size.

• Highly portable

• bought by many small computer and

tablets users who are constantly on
the move.
Features of Keyboard

• There are a number of keys on the keyboard that

perform specific functions.

• The function of the mouse can be performed by

using a keyboard i.e. instead of moving mouse
we can use arrow keys on the keyboard.
Gaming Keyboards

• A large number of users rely on their computers just to

play games.

• It’s no wonder that there is a specialized set of keyboards

dedicated to hardcore gaming.
Wireless Keyboards

• These devices connect and communicate to their parent

device via the Bluetooth protocol.

• Portable (can be used any where).

Handheld Keyboards

• Those in the world who want to be

outside the box

• For people involved in computer

gaming, as they are always looking
for an advantage.

• Quickly adopted by professional

gamers looking to gain even the
slightest edge against their
opponent.
 Projection Keyboards

• Form of a virtual keyboard

usable almost anywhere

• Technology depends on
lasers to display the image of
a keyboard onto any flat hard
surface.

• Are more portable than other

styles of keyboard

• Fun to use
Ergonomic Keyboards

• Many professionals and

computer workers suffer from

wrist problems due to the

constant pressure that using a

keyboard inflicts on them.

• Are designed to deal with

these problems by allowing the

user's hands to stay relaxed.

That’s all for now…