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Chap2 Programming Python

This document provides an overview of programming with Python, covering key topics such as variables, data types, built-in data structures, conditional statements, loops, functions, classes, and exception handling. It highlights Python's dynamic typing, indentation-based syntax, and various data structures like lists, tuples, sets, and dictionaries. The conclusion emphasizes Python's ease of use and versatility for programming.

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Phan Tiến Huy
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0 views

Chap2 Programming Python

This document provides an overview of programming with Python, covering key topics such as variables, data types, built-in data structures, conditional statements, loops, functions, classes, and exception handling. It highlights Python's dynamic typing, indentation-based syntax, and various data structures like lists, tuples, sets, and dictionaries. The conclusion emphasizes Python's ease of use and versatility for programming.

Uploaded by

Phan Tiến Huy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advanced Programming

CO2039

Chapter 2: Programming with Python

ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH


TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA
TP.HCM, 03/01/2025
CONTENT

01 VARIABLES & DATA TYPES

02 DATA STRUCTURES

03 CONDITIONALS, LOOPS AND EXCEPTIONS

04 CONCLUSION

2
VARIABLES &
01 DATA TYPES

3
Python Syntax Overview
# Python (No semicolons, indentation-based)
print("Hello, Python!")

# Java (Curly braces, semicolons)


public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello, Java!");
}
}

● Python uses indentation instead of {}


● No semicolons required
4
Variables & Data Types in Python

Python is dynamically typed → No need to declare data types explicitly

Data Type Example Description


Integer x = 10 Whole numbers
Float pi = 3.14 Decimal numbers
String name = "Alice" Text
Boolean is_valid = True True or False

NoneType x = None Represents “nothing”

5
02 DATA STRUCTURES

6
Python Built-in Data Structures

● Lists (Ordered, Mutable)


fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits.append("orange") # Add element
print(fruits[1]) # Output: banana

⇒ Ordered, allows duplicates, mutable


● Tuples (Ordered, Immutable)
coordinates = (10, 20)
print(coordinates[0]) # Output: 10
⇒ Like lists but immutable
7
Python Built-in Data Structures

● Sets (Unordered, Unique Elements)


unique_numbers = {1, 2, 3, 3}
print(unique_numbers) # Output: {1, 2, 3}

⇒ No duplicates, unordered
● Dictionaries (Key-Value Pairs)
student = {"name": "Alice", "age": 20}
print(student["name"]) # Output: Alice

⇒ Stores data as key-value pairs

8
Type conversions

x = 10
y = str(x) # Convert int to string
print(y) # Output: "10"

Common conversions:
● int("100") → Converts string to integer
● float("3.14") → Converts string to float
● str(50) → Converts integer to string

9
CONDITIONALS,
03 LOOPS &
EXCEPTIONS

10
Conditional Statements

age = 18
if age >= 18:
print("Adult")
elif age >= 13:
print("Teenager")
else:
print("Child")

⇒ Indentation is required (No {} like Java or C++)

11
Loops
● for Loop (Iterate over a sequence)
for i in range(5):
print(i) # Output: 0 1 2 3 4

⇒ Loops through a range or collection


● while Loop (Repeats until condition is false)
x = 0
while x < 5:
print(x)
x += 1

⇒ Use break to stop the loop early


12
Functions
● Defining and calling a function
def greet(name):
return "Hello, " + name

print(greet("Alice")) # Output: Hello, Alice


● Supports default and keyword arguments
def greet(name="Guest"):
return "Hello, " + name

print(greet()) # Output: Hello, Guest


13
Classes
● Defining a simple class for data storage
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age

student1 = Student("Alice", 20)


print(student1.name) # Output: Alice
● __init__() → Constructor that initializes object properties
● self → Refers to the instance of the class
14
Exception Handling

● Handling errors with try-except


try:
x = int("abc") # Error: Cannot convert string to int
except ValueError:
print("Invalid input")

⇒ Prevents program crashes due to runtime errors

15
03 CONCLUSION

16
Conclusion

● Python is dynamically typed and easy to use


● Supports various built-in data structures
● Uses indentation for code blocks
● Includes conditional statements, loops, functions, classes and exception
handling

17
Thank you for your
attention!
https://www.cse.hcmut.edu.vn

ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH


TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC BÁCH KHOA

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