Requirements:: (A) Type of Insulating Material Used (B) Voltage For Which They Are Manufactured
Requirements:: (A) Type of Insulating Material Used (B) Voltage For Which They Are Manufactured
• Under operating conditions, the insulation of a cable is subjected to electrostatic forces. This is known as
dielectric stress.
• The dielectric stress at any point in a cable is infact the potential gradient (or *electric intensity) at that
point.
• Consider a single core cable with core diameter d and internal sheath diameter D.
• The electric intensity at a point x metres from the centre of the cable is:
….(1)
….(2)
2.7 Dielectric stress in single core/multi core cables
….(3)
It is clear from exp. (3) that potential gradient varies inversely as the distance x.
Therefore, potential gradient will be maximum when x is minimum i.e., when x = d/2 or at the surface of the conductor.
Potential gradient will be minimum at x = D/2 or at sheath surface.
Therefore,
2.8 Cable faults and location of faults
1. Open-circuit fault
2. Short-circuit fault
3. Earth fault