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Lecture 1

The document discusses electric charge, defining it as a property of particles in atoms with two types: positive (deficiency of electrons) and negative (excess of electrons). It explains methods of charging objects, properties of electric charge, and Coulomb's Law, which describes the electric force between point charges. The document emphasizes that like charges repel while unlike charges attract, and that the total charge in an isolated system is conserved.

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2 views17 pages

Lecture 1

The document discusses electric charge, defining it as a property of particles in atoms with two types: positive (deficiency of electrons) and negative (excess of electrons). It explains methods of charging objects, properties of electric charge, and Coulomb's Law, which describes the electric force between point charges. The document emphasizes that like charges repel while unlike charges attract, and that the total charge in an isolated system is conserved.

Uploaded by

f2024408246
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electric Force

Electric Field
2
Structure of Atom:
Properties of Atom:
Two types of charge:

Positive Charge: A deficiency of electron

Negative Charge: An excess of electron

Conservation of charge – The net charge of a


closed system remains constant.
Electric Charge

• Electric charge is a
property of tiny particles in
atoms.
• The unit of electric charge
is the coulomb (C).
• A quantity of charge
should always be
identified with a positive or
a negative sign.
Charging of Objects:
The electric charge is always held on the
surface of the object.
Methods of charging objects:
1.Charging by friction.
2. Charging by Induction.

An electrically charged object can produce a


charge on another object by contact or by
induction.
Properties of Electric Charge:
• There are two kinds of charges in nature;
charges of opposite sign attract one
another and charges of the same sign
repel one another.
• Total charge in an isolated system is
conserved.
• Charge is quantized.

8
Like and unlike charges

9
Electric Forces

Like Charges - Repel

F F
+ +

Unlike Charges - Attract

F F
- +
Coulomb’s Law – Gives the electric force
between two point charges.
q1q2
F k 2 Inverse Square

r Law

k = Coulomb’s Constant = 9.0x109 Nm2/C2


q1 = charge on mass 1
q2 = charge on mass 2
r = the distance between the two charges

The electric force is much stronger than the


gravitational force.

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