Computer Education

Mr. Nouman Asim

Spring 2025
Introduction
 MS (Computer Science):
 HITEC University, Taxila Pakistan.
 BS (Computer Science):
 HITEC University, Taxila Pakistan.
Information
 Course related stuff will be available on Google
Classroom
 Class code: 6694md
Reference Books
 Introduction to computer by Peter
Norton
 Lectures Notes
 Internet
Exams Schedule
 Assignments (10%)
 Surprise Quizzes (10%)
 Mid Term Exam (20%)
 Final Exam (40%)
 Lab (20%)

 Not: You will be evaluated on your class participation also.

terms of structure and function.

 Understanding of computer
 Parts of computer system
 Types of computers
The Computer Defined
 Electronic device
 Store
data
 Converts data into information
 Modern computers are digital
 Two digits combine to make data
 Older computers were analog
 A range of values made data
Parts of the Computer System
 Computer systems have four parts
 Hardware
 Software
 Data
 User
Parts of the Computer System
 Hardware
 physical devices in the computer
 Anything that can be touched
 Software
 Tell the computer what to do
 Also called a program
 Thousands of programs exist
Parts of the Computer System
 Data
 Pieces of information
 Computer organize and present data
 Users
 People operating the computer
 Most important part
 Tell the computer what to do
Information Processing Cycle
 Steps followed to process data
 Input
 Processing
 Output
 Storage
Essential Computer Hardware
 Computers use the same basic hardware
 Hardware categorized into four types
Essential Computer Hardware
 Processing devices
 Brains of the computer
 Carries out instructions from the program
 Manipulate the data
 Most computers have several processors
 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 Processors made of silicon and copper
Essential Computer Hardware
 Memory devices
 Stores data or programs
 Random Access Memory (RAM)
 Volatile
 Stores current data and programs
 More RAM results in a faster system
 Read Only Memory (ROM)
 Permanent storage of programs
 Holds the computer boot directions
Essential Computer Hardware
 Input and output devices
 Allows the user to interact
 Input devices accept data
 Keyboard, mouse
 Output devices deliver data
 Monitor, printer, speaker
Essential Computer Hardware
 Storage devices
 Hold data and programs permanently
 Different from RAM
 Magnetic storage
 Floppy and hard drive
 Uses a magnet to access data
 Optical storage
 CD and DVD drives
 Uses a laser to access data
Software Runs The Machine
 Tellsthe computer what to do
 Reason people purchase computers
 Two types
 System software
 Application software
Software Runs The Machine
 System software
 Most important software
 Operating system
 Windows 10
 Device drivers
 Network operating system (OS)
 Windows Server 2003
Software Runs The Machine
 Application software
 Accomplishes a specific task
 Most common type of software
 MS Word
 Covers most common uses of computers
Computer data
 Fact with no meaning on its own
 Stored using the binary number system (0 & 1)
 Data can be organized into files
Computer users
 Role depends on ability
 Setup the system
 Install software
 Mange files
 Maintain the system
 “Userless” computers
 Run with no user input
 Automated systems
Computers For Individual Use
 Desktop computers
 The most common type of computer
 Sits on the desk or floor
 Performs a variety of tasks
 Uses in homes, universities, offices etc.
 Workstations
 Specialized computers, single user.
 More power and features i.e. optimized for science or
graphics.
 More powerful than a desktop, having greater average
speed then desktop computers.
Computers For Individual Use
 Notebook computers
 Small portable computers
 Weighs between 3 and 8 pounds
 About 8 ½ by 11 inches
 Typically as powerful as a desktop
Computers For Individual Use
 Tablet computers
 Newest development in portable computers
 Input is through a pen or touch screen
 Run specialized versions of office products
Computers For Individual Use
 Handheld computers
 Very small computers
 Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)
 Note taking or contact management
 Data can synchronize with a desktop
 Smart phones
 Hybrid of cell phone and PDA
 Web surfing, e-mail access
Computers For Organizations
 Network servers
 A computer system used as the central repository
of data and various programs that are shared by
users in a network.
 Centralized computer
 All other computers connect
 Provides access to network resources
 Multiple servers are called server farms
 Often simply a powerful desktop
Computers For Organizations
 Mainframes
 Mainframe computers are computers used primarily by
large organizations for critical applications.
 Handle thousands of users
 Users access through a terminal
 For example:
 bulk data processing
 industry and consumer statistics
 enterprise resource planning
 transaction processing.
Computers For Organizations
 Minicomputers
 Called midrange computers
 Power between mainframe and desktop
 Handle hundreds of users
 Used in smaller organizations
 Users access through a terminal
Computers For Organizations
 Supercomputers
 The most powerful computers made
 Handle large and complex calculations
 Process trillions of operations per second
 Found in research organizations
Computers In Society
 More impact than any other invention
 Changed work and leisure activities
 Used by all demographic groups
 Computers are important because:
 Provide information to users
 Information is critical to our society
 Managing information is difficult
Computers In Society
 Computers at home
 Many homes have multiple computers
 Most homes have Internet
 Computers are used for
 Business
 Entertainment
 Communication
 Education
Computers In Society
 Computers in education
 Computer literacy required at all levels
 Computers in small business
 Makes businesses more profitable
 Allows owners to manage
 Computers in industry
 Computers are used to design products
 Assembly lines are automated
Computers In Society
 Computers in government
 Necessary to track data for population
 Police officers
 Tax calculation and collection
 Governments were the first computer users
Computers In Society
 Computers in health care
 Revolutionized health care
 New treatments possible
 Scheduling of patients has improved
 Delivery of medicine is safer