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Sensors

The document discusses various components of the Internet of Things (IoT), focusing on sensors and their classifications. It explains the roles of input and output transducers, the characteristics of smart sensors, and their applications in monitoring systems. Additionally, it outlines key factors to consider when selecting sensors, such as cost, accuracy, and power consumption.

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4 views

Sensors

The document discusses various components of the Internet of Things (IoT), focusing on sensors and their classifications. It explains the roles of input and output transducers, the characteristics of smart sensors, and their applications in monitoring systems. Additionally, it outlines key factors to consider when selecting sensors, such as cost, accuracy, and power consumption.

Uploaded by

abishek2003jothi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 43

UNIT.

3 (IOT COMPONENTS)

Sensors
1. Component of IOT
2. Devices and sensors
3. Transducer
4. Sensors Type
5. Smart Sensor
6. Characteristics of sensor
7. Classification of sensor
Devices and sensors

 First, sensors or devices help in collecting very minute data from the surrounding environment. All of this collected
data can have various degrees of complexities.

 These smart sensors continuously collect data from the environment and transmit it to the next layer.

 A device can have multiple sensors that can bundle together to do more than just sense things.

 For example, our phone is a device that has multiple sensors such as GPS, accelerometer, camera but our phone
does not simply sense things.

 The latest techniques in semiconductor technology enable intelligent micro-sensors to be produced for various
applications.
An Input transducer, or sensor, takes a form of physical energy and converts it into a
signal which can be read. For example, a microphone takes physical sound waves and
turns those into an electrical signal which can be transferred though wires to the amplifier.

An Output transducer, or actuator, does the opposite of an Input transducer. It takes


electrical signals and converts them into another form of energy. For example, a
lamp converts electricity to light and a motor converts electricity into motion
There are some common sensors are as
follows:

•Temperature and thermostats sensors


•Pressure sensors
•Humidity / Moisture level
•Light intensity detectors
•Moisture sensors
•Proximity detection
•RFID tags
Smart Sensor
Smart sensors are devices that take information from a physical environment and use
embedded microprocessors and wireless communication to monitor, examine, and maintain
various systems.

They have the ability to collect environmental data more accurately with less erroneous noise.

Though they’re used for a variety of applications, they’re most commonly found in monitoring
mechanisms, such as smart grids, science applications, and security systems.
 Base sensor is the component that provides the sensing capability. It might be
designed to sense heat, light or pressure.

 Often, the base sensor will produce an analog signal that must be processed before it
can be used.

 This is where an intelligent sensor's integrated technology comes into play. The
onboard microprocessor filters out signal noise and converts the sensor's signal into
a usable, digital format.

 Smart sensors also contain integrated communications capabilities that enable them to be
connected to a private network or to the internet. This enables communication to external
devices.

Different types of smart sensors: There are five main types of smart sensors used in industrial environments.

1.Level sensors. 2. Temperature sensors. 3.Pressure sensor. 4.Infrared sensors. 5. Proximity sensors. .
Smart sensors have four main functions:

•Measurement : Measurements are taken by detecting physical signals and converting them into electrical signals.
•Configuration: It allows the sensor to detect alignment or installation errors,
•Verification: (SELF ASSESSMENT & CALIBRATION)
•Communication: Enables the sensor to talk to the main microprocessor or microcontroller.
Passive sensors can only be used to detect energy when
the naturally occurring energy is available.

It use external factor to work

An active sensor is one which transmits a signal into the


environment and then measures the response that comes
back.

Example : ultrasonic system:

A pulse of ultrasound is emitted


If an object is in the way, the pulse is reflected back
The sensor detects it

The time taken between emission and detection gives an


indication of the distance of the object.
Few key factors: How to picking sensors:

 Cost:
 Supplier:
 Accuracy & Precision:
 Signal Conditioning AND Processing
 Accessibility:
 Measurement Range:
 Power Consumption:
THANK YOU

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