Computer Programming

Switch Statement (Selection-

Week 04 Sp 25

Acknowledgement – Ms. Nabia Khalid worked on the slides

• Syntax
switch (selector)
{ case L1: statements1; break;
case L2: statements2; break;
…
default: statements_n;
}
• Semantics:
This statement has the same meaning as in the algorithmic language.
Example
char character; char character;
cout << "Enter a character : "; cout << "Enter a character : ";
cin >> character;
cin >> character; switch (character)
switch (character) {
{ case 'a’:
case 'a’: case ‘A’:
cout << " Australia " << endl; cout << " Australia " << endl;
cout << " Afaghanistan " << endl;
break; break;
case 'b': case 'b’:
cout << " Bangladesh " << endl; case ‘B’:
break; cout << " Bangladesh " << endl;
case 'c': break;
case 'c’:
cout << " Chille " << endl; case ‘C’:
break; cout << " Chille " << endl;
case 'd': break;
cout << " Denmark " << endl; case 'd’:
break; case ‘D’:
cout << " Denmark " << endl;
case 'e': break;
cout << " England " << endl; case 'e’:
break; case ‘E’:
case 'f': cout << " England " << endl;
cout << " France " << endl; break;
case 'f’:
break; case ‘F’:
case 'g': cout << " France " << endl;
cout << " Gana " << endl; break;
break; case 'g’:
default: case ‘G’:
cout << " Gana " << endl;
cout << " I dont know more countries " << endl; break;
} default:
cout << " I dont know more countries " << endl;
}
Example

switch (character)
{
case 'a':
area = 3.14 * radius * radius;
cout << " Area = " << area << endl;
break;

case 'c':
circum = 2 * radius * 3.14;
cout << " Circumference = " << circum << endl;
break;

default: cout << " Invalid letter was read " << endl;
}
cout << "Enter the grade of student : "; cin >> character;
switch (character)
{
case 'A':
case 'a':
cout << "Excellent";
break;
case 'B':
case 'b':
cout << "Good";
break;
case 'C':
case 'c':
cout << "O.K";
break;
case 'D':
case 'd':
case 'F':
case 'f':
cout << "poor";
break;
default: cout << "invalid letter grade";
}
Example
 Alternatives for switch
Multiple if Multiple if-else

If ( grade >=90)
cout<<“A”;
If ( grade >=80)
cout<<“B”;
If ( grade >=70)
cout<<“C”;
If ( grade > =60)
cout<<“D”;
If ( grade<60)
cout<<“F”;
Points to Remember – switch
statement
• The expression followed by each case label must be a constant
expression.
• No two case labels may have the same value (Compile-time Error).
• Two case labels may be associated with the same statements.
• The default label is not mandatory.
• There can be only one default label, and it is usually last.
Example
Write a program that takes a character from user
and prints if the character is vowel or consonant.
Example
char myChar;
cout << "Enter an Alphabet : ";
cin >> myChar;

if (myChar >= '0' && myChar <= '9’)

else if ((myChar >= 97 && myChar <= 122) || (myChar >= 65 && myChar <= 90))
{
if (myChar == 'a' || myChar == 'e' || myChar == 'i' || myChar == 'o' ||
myChar == 'u' || myChar == 'A' || myChar == 'E' || myChar == 'I' || myChar ==
'O' || myChar == 'U’)
cout << "You have entered a VOWEL";
else
cout << "You have entered a CONSONANT";
}
else
cout << "ERROR!!\nYou did not enter an Alphabet";
Example
int myNumber;
cout << "Enter a Postive Number : ";
cin >> myNumber;

if (myNumber > 0)
{
if (myNumber % 2 == 0)
{
cout << "Number is EVEN number " << endl;
}
else
cout << "Number is ODD number " << endl;
}
else
{
cout << "You have entered a -ve number " << endl;
}