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Biomechanics

The document provides an overview of biomechanics, focusing on linear kinematics and angular kinetics. Kinematics describes motion without considering forces, while kinetics explains motion by including forces and torques. Key concepts include distance, speed, displacement, velocity, acceleration, torque, moment of inertia, and angular momentum.

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Tanu Patel
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7 views11 pages

Biomechanics

The document provides an overview of biomechanics, focusing on linear kinematics and angular kinetics. Kinematics describes motion without considering forces, while kinetics explains motion by including forces and torques. Key concepts include distance, speed, displacement, velocity, acceleration, torque, moment of inertia, and angular momentum.

Uploaded by

Tanu Patel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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BIOMECHANICS

Linear Kinematics & Angular


Kinetics
RIGID BODY
KINESIOLOGY BIOMECHANICS
MECHANICS

DYNAMICS STATICS

KINEMATICS KINETICS

LINEAR ANGULAR LINEAR ANGULAR


Kinemati
cs
Kinematics is the study of motion without considering the forces or torques that cause it. It focuses on the geometric and
temporal aspects of motion.
• Linear Motion: Movement in a straight line.
• Angular Motion: Rotational movement around an axis.

Kinetic
s Kinetics is the study of motion considering the forces and torques that cause or influence it. It explains why an object
moves the way it does.
• Linear Kinetics: Study of forces causing motion in a straight line.
• Angular Kinetics: Study of torques causing rotational motion around an axis.
Kinemat V/ Kineti
Aspects ics
Kinematics
S cs Kinetics

Focus Describes motion (what, where, how). Explains motion (why it happens)

Consideration Ignores forces causing motion. Includes forces and torques.

Displacement, velocity, acceleration,


Key Variables Force, torque, energy, momentum.
time.

Calculating the force needed to lift a


Example Tracking the path of a projectile
box.
Linear Kinematics
Linear kinematics is the study of the motion of an object in a straight line over time,
without considering the forces that cause the motion. It describes "how" an object
moves.

Example

A sprinter running 100 meters in a straight line


• Linear Kinematics Focus: The sprinter's displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration
over time.
• What’s Ignored: The forces like muscle power or ground friction causing the motion.
Linear Kinematics

Distance (d):

The total path an object covers, irrespective of direction. Formula: Distance= Speed × Time

Speed (s):

The rate at which an object covers distance. Formula: Speed= Time / Distance​

Displacement (Δx):

The change in position of an object in a specific direction. Formula: Displacement= Velocity × Time
Linear Kinematics

Velocity (v):

The rate of change of displacement, including direction Formula: Velocity= Time / Displacement​

Acceleration (a):
⚬ Formula: Acceleration= Δv​/ t
The rate of change of velocity over time. ⚬ where Δv= vf − vi
Angular Kinetics
Angular kinetics is the study of the forces and torques that cause rotational motion
around an axis. It focuses on "why" an object rotates, considering the factors
influencing angular motion.

Example

A gymnast performing a somersault:


• Angular Kinetics Focus: The torque generated by the gymnast’s legs and arms causes
rotational motion around their center of mass.
• Moment of Inertia: By tucking their body, the gymnast reduces their moment of inertia,
increasing their rotational speed.
Angular Kinetics
Torque (τ):

The rotational equivalent of force, causing an object to rotate around an axis.

Formula: τ= F × r × sin(θ)
F = Force applied r = Lever arm (distance from axis to the point of force application)
θ = Angle between force and lever arm

Moment of Inertia (I):

The resistance of an object to changes in its rotational motion.

Formula: I= ∑mi​ri2​
mi​= Mass of individual particles ri​= Distance of each particle from the axis
Angular Kinetics
Angular Momentum (L):

The quantity of rotational motion an object possesses.


Formula: L=I×ω
I = Moment of inertia ω= Angular velocity

Newton’s Second Law for Rotation:

The angular acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net torque


applied and inversely proportional to its moment of inertia.

Formula: τ = I × α
α = Angular acceleration

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