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Data Gathering Procedure

The document outlines various data gathering procedures, including data mining, interviewing, surveying, direct observation, and experimentation, each with its own advantages and applications. It also discusses key principles for designing questionnaires and the importance of statistical treatment in analyzing data, highlighting methods such as frequency distribution, mean, t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis. The document emphasizes the need for careful planning in data collection and analysis to ensure credible research outcomes.

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Dhin Husin
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28 views22 pages

Data Gathering Procedure

The document outlines various data gathering procedures, including data mining, interviewing, surveying, direct observation, and experimentation, each with its own advantages and applications. It also discusses key principles for designing questionnaires and the importance of statistical treatment in analyzing data, highlighting methods such as frequency distribution, mean, t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis. The document emphasizes the need for careful planning in data collection and analysis to ensure credible research outcomes.

Uploaded by

Dhin Husin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Data Gathering

Procedures
What is Data Gathering
Procedure?
Tells of the instrument used, how it was made
and validated, and the different activities done
to gather data.

There are different data gathering


procedures that you can use for a term
paper. It will depend on your convenience and
the ease in gathering the required details that
you can use for the research results.
Data Gathering Procedure

1. Data Mining

- this procedure is simple.


- You can easily find many resource materials
where data and numerical figures are already
tallied and presented.
- Usually, you can find data among research
institutions and academic centers.
- is simply using an already published set of
data.
Data Gathering Procedure

2. Interviewing
- is another example of a data gathering procedure.
- One benefit that you can get from this process is
that you can actually gather raw and reliable data
direct from your subjects.
- Although it is time consuming, you can still have
very credible result from this data gathering
procedure.
Data Gathering Procedure

3. Surveying

- actually involves gathering responses from subjects


through a written medium.
- You will be distributing paper questionnaires for
your subjects to answer.
- You will then tally the results and use the data for
your research.
- You may find an essay online about how to write
questionnaires.
Data Gathering Procedure

4. Direct Observation

5. Experiment
Questionnaire Design
Over the years, a lot of thought has been put
into the science of the design of survey questions.
Key design principles:

1. Keep the questionnaire as short as possible.


2. Ask short, simple, and clearly worded questions.
3. Start with demographic questions to help
respondents get started comfortably.
4. Use dichotomous (yes | no) and multiple choice
questions.
Questionnaire Design

5. Use open-ended questions cautiously.


6. Avoid using leading-questions.
7. Pretest a questionnaire on a small number of
people.
8. Think about the way you intend to use the
collected data when preparing the questionnaire.
Data Gathering Procedure

Sources of its Content

- Topic
- Statement of the Problem
- Paradigm
Statistical
Treatment
What is Statistical Treatment?

 Tells
how the data were treated to be able to
answer the statement of the problem.

 Itcan be applied to qualitative research,


such as research investigating the effects of
a social policy, and quantitative research,
such as chemical experiments.
What is Statistical Treatment?

 Statistical
treatment in qualitative research
involves analyzing how the data is
represented statistically.

 Forexample, mathematical equations can be


applied to data to spot similarities,
differences and trends.
What is Statistical Treatment?

 Forquantitative research, similar equations


can be applied to predict probable outcomes
of an experiment and to check the accuracy
of an outcome.
Statistical Treatment
 Frequency and Percentage Distribution
 Mean
 T-test
 Analysis of Variance
 Pearson Product
 Multiple Correlation
 Multiple Regression
Statistical Treatment

Frequency and Percentage Distribution


- Used to determine the percentage usually for
data on profile(e.g. level, age, gender, etc.)

Formula: Where:
% = Percent
% f = Frequency
N = Number of
cases
Statistical Treatment

Mean
- Used to get average or central value (e.g.
level, extent, status, etc.)

Formula: Where:

∑𝒙 = Sum of all scores


x = Mean
x
N = Number of cases
Statistical Treatment
T-test
- Used to determine two (2) variable means which
differ significantly or to test the significant
difference between 2 variable means.

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)


- Used to find out if the frequency of two or more
variables in the study differ significantly or test
the significant difference among several groups
Statistical Treatment
Pearson Product - Moment Correlation
Coefficient
- Used to find the degree of the association of two
sets of variables, X and Y or to test the significant
relationship between the two variables

Multiple Correlation
- Used to test if the independent variables have
influence on the dependent variables
Statistical Treatment

Multiple Regression
- Used to predict, singly or in combination, from
among the independent variables the dependent
variables
Statistical Treatment
Sources of its Content

- Statistic used on the data generated


by each problem stated.
Answer the ff.:

What do you think is the best


way to gather data?
What is the difference of data
mining and interviewing?
Why we gather data?
Content, images,
text, etc. used belong
to the rightful owner.
No copyright
infringement intended

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