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Avoidance Robotic Vehicle Using Ultrasonic Sensor And Arduino Controller

The document discusses the design and implementation of an avoidance robotic vehicle using ultrasonic sensors and Arduino controllers. It covers the basics of ultrasonic sensors, Arduino programming, and the components necessary for building the vehicle, along with coding and troubleshooting tips. The presentation highlights the educational value of such projects and their potential applications in various fields.

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techtainment32
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0 views

Avoidance Robotic Vehicle Using Ultrasonic Sensor And Arduino Controller

The document discusses the design and implementation of an avoidance robotic vehicle using ultrasonic sensors and Arduino controllers. It covers the basics of ultrasonic sensors, Arduino programming, and the components necessary for building the vehicle, along with coding and troubleshooting tips. The presentation highlights the educational value of such projects and their potential applications in various fields.

Uploaded by

techtainment32
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Avoidance Robotic Vehicle Using

Ultrasonic Sensor And Arduino


Controller

SlideMake.com
Introduction to Robotic Vehicles

Robotic vehicles are automated


systems that can navigate
environments without human
intervention.

They utilize various sensors and


technologies to perceive their
surroundings.

This presentation focuses on a specific


type of robotic vehicle that avoids
obstacles using ultrasonic sensors and
Arduino controllers.
Overview of Ultrasonic Sensors

Ultrasonic sensors measure distance


by emitting sound waves and
calculating the time it takes for the
echo to return.

These sensors are effective in


detecting objects in the path of the
robotic vehicle.

They offer a non-contact method for


distance measurement, making them
ideal for obstacle avoidance
applications.
Arduino Microcontroller Basics

Arduino is an open-source electronics


platform based on easy-to-use
hardware and software.

It provides a flexible and


programmable environment for
controlling sensors and actuators.

The Arduino microcontroller acts as


the brain of the robotic vehicle,
processing sensor input and driving
motors.
Components of the Robotic Vehicle

The main components include the


chassis, motors, wheels, ultrasonic
sensor, and Arduino board.

A power supply, typically a battery, is


used to provide energy to the entire
system.

Additional components may include a


breadboard for connections and
jumper wires for wiring.
Designing the Robotic Vehicle

The design phase involves planning


the layout of components for optimal
performance.

The vehicle must be lightweight and


balanced to ensure efficient
movement.

Structural integrity is crucial,


especially when mounting the
ultrasonic sensor and Arduino.
Wiring the Ultrasonic Sensor

The ultrasonic sensor typically has


four pins: VCC, Trig, Echo, and GND.

Proper wiring ensures accurate


communication between the sensor
and the Arduino.

Care should be taken to avoid short


circuits and ensure reliable
connections.
Coding Basics for Arduino

The Arduino programming


environment uses a simplified version
of C++.

Essential functions include setting pin


modes, reading sensor data, and
controlling motor actions.

Code structure typically includes


setup and loop functions for
continuous operation.
Reading Distance Data

The ultrasonic sensor provides


distance readings in centimeters or
inches.

The Arduino reads the Echo pin to


determine the time taken for the
sound wave to return.

This data is crucial for making


decisions about obstacle avoidance.
Motor Control Using Arduino

Motor control is achieved using PWM


(Pulse Width Modulation) signals from
the Arduino.

The motors can be driven forward,


backward, or made to stop based on
sensor input.

Code will typically include functions to


control the speed and direction of
each motor.
Implementing Obstacle Detection

The vehicle continuously monitors


distance readings from the ultrasonic
sensor.

If an object is detected within a


predefined range, the vehicle must
change its path.

The decision-making process is crucial


for effective obstacle avoidance.
Basic Obstacle Avoidance Algorithm

The algorithm includes reading


distance data and defining thresholds
for action.

Actions may include stopping, turning


left, or turning right based on the
detected obstacle.

This simple approach can be


expanded with more complex logic for
better navigation.
Testing the Robotic Vehicle

Testing is essential to ensure that the


vehicle responds correctly to
obstacles.

Various scenarios should be simulated


to evaluate the performance of the
avoidance mechanism.

Adjustments to the code or hardware


may be necessary based on testing
results.
Troubleshooting Common Issues

Common issues include erroneous


distance readings and unresponsive
motors.

Checking wiring and ensuring code


logic is correct can often resolve these
problems.

Regular calibration of the ultrasonic


sensor may also improve accuracy.
Enhancing the Robotic Vehicle

Additional features can be integrated,


such as line-following capabilities or
remote control.

Sensors such as infrared or cameras


can improve navigation and obstacle
detection.

Upgrading the hardware can enhance


performance and expand functionality.
Applications of Avoidance Robotic Vehicles

These vehicles can be used in


warehouse automation for
transporting goods.

They have potential applications in


surveillance and monitoring in
restricted areas.

Educational projects often utilize such


vehicles to teach robotics and
programming.
Future Trends in Robotic Vehicles

Advances in AI and machine learning


are set to improve navigation
algorithms.

Enhanced sensor technologies will


allow for more accurate and reliable
obstacle detection.

The integration of IoT can enable


remote monitoring and control of
robotic vehicles.
Safety Considerations

Safety is paramount when designing


and operating robotic vehicles.

Proper shielding and emergency stop


mechanisms should be in place.

Users must be trained to handle any


unexpected behavior from the robotic
vehicle.
Educational Value of Building a Robotic
Vehicle
Building a robotic vehicle provides
hands-on experience with
programming and electronics.

It encourages problem-solving and


critical thinking skills through real-
world application.

Students gain familiarity with robotics


concepts that are applicable in
various fields.
Conclusion

The combination of ultrasonic sensors


and Arduino controllers facilitates
effective obstacle avoidance.

This project illustrates fundamental


concepts in robotics and
programming.

Continued exploration and


experimentation can lead to more
advanced robotic systems.
References

Arduino. (n.d.). Arduino Official


Website. Retrieved from
https://www.arduino.cc

Ultrasonic Sensor Datasheet. (n.d.).


Retrieved from
https://www.robotshop.com/en/hc-
sr04-ultrasonic-sensor.html

Robotics Education. (n.d.). Retrieved


from
https://www.roboticseducation.org

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