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SA Unit 1 PPT 1

Stream processing is a discipline focused on extracting information from unbounded datasets, enabling real-time data analysis and insights. It contrasts with batch processing by handling data as it arrives, which is crucial for applications like IoT monitoring, fault detection, and real-time billing. Key challenges include managing time delays and maintaining consistency across distributed systems.

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32 views19 pages

SA Unit 1 PPT 1

Stream processing is a discipline focused on extracting information from unbounded datasets, enabling real-time data analysis and insights. It contrasts with batch processing by handling data as it arrives, which is crucial for applications like IoT monitoring, fault detection, and real-time billing. Key challenges include managing time delays and maintaining consistency across distributed systems.

Uploaded by

pg0145
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Stream Processing:

Concepts and
Applications
Overview of Modern Data Processing
Techniques
Introducing
Stream
Processing "Data is eating the world." — Dries Buytaert

Transition to Digital Economy:

From brick-and-mortar to online.


Example: Buying a camera (traditional vs. digital
experience).
Key Drivers for Stream Processing:

Real-time reaction to operational changes.


Managing vast data generation from IoT,
smartphones, etc.
Turning data streams into business insights.
What Is Stream Processing?
Definition:
• Discipline for extracting
information from unbounded
datasets.
• Example: Processing infinite
data streams over time.
Bounded vs. Unbounded
Data:
• Bounded: Fixed size (e.g.,
database or file).
• Unbounded: Infinite data
streams.
Batch vs. Stream Processing
Batch Processing:
• Processes bounded
datasets.
• Limited in time; size
known beforehand.
Stream Processing:
• Real-time data analysis.
• Handles data as it arrives,
potentially forever.
The Role of Time
in Stream Event Time: When data
Processing is created (e.g., sensor
clock).

Processing Time: When


data is processed (e.g.,
server clock).

Time delays
between data
generation and

Challenges: processing.
Dealing with
uncertainty (e.g.,
variable data arrival
rates).
Examples of Stream Processing

Device
Monitoring:
IoT devices
streaming real-
time updates.
Examples of Stream Processing

Fault Detection:

Analyzing metrics
to prevent device
failures.
Examples of Stream Processing
Billing Modernization:
• Transitioning insurance billing to streaming system
Examples of Stream Processing
Fleet Management:
• Real-time vehicle tracking and behavior analysis.
Examples of Stream Processing
Media
Recommendations:
• Delivering instant
personalized video
suggestions.
Examples of Stream Processing
Faster Loan Processing:
• Reducing approval time
from hours to seconds.
Scaling Up Data Processing
The MapReduce Revolution (2003):

• Simple API for distributed systems.

• Key Functions: Map (process data) and Reduce (aggregate

results).

Key Benefits:

• Scalability: Add resources as data grows.

• Fault Tolerance: Recover from system failures.


Distributed Stream Processing
Challenges:
• Partial view of data across
distributed executors.
• Maintaining consistency
across partitions.
Goals:
• Abstract complexity for
seamless processing.
• Enable reasoning about
entire data streams.
Stateful Stream Processing
Example: Election Vote
Counting
• Stream updates as votes
are cast.
• Maintain accurate, up-to-
date counts.
Challenges:
• Preserve state over time.
• Ensure consistency despite
failures.
Thank You

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