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CH 1

Chapter 1 introduces machine learning, emphasizing its necessity in business for managing vast amounts of data that were previously underutilized due to integration and software limitations. It explains the evolution from data to wisdom through various stages, highlighting machine learning's role in enabling computers to learn from data rather than relying solely on explicit programming. The chapter also discusses the relationship between machine learning and other fields such as AI, data science, big data, data mining, and data analytics.

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87 views16 pages

CH 1

Chapter 1 introduces machine learning, emphasizing its necessity in business for managing vast amounts of data that were previously underutilized due to integration and software limitations. It explains the evolution from data to wisdom through various stages, highlighting machine learning's role in enabling computers to learn from data rather than relying solely on explicit programming. The chapter also discusses the relationship between machine learning and other fields such as AI, data science, big data, data mining, and data analytics.

Uploaded by

suhan4me
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 1

Introduction to Machine Learning


Need For Machine Learning
• Business organizations use huge amount of data for their
daily activities
• Earlier this data was not utilized at full potential
– Two reasons
• Data being scattered at different archives and not able to integrate
• Lack of software tools to unearth useful information

• Popularity of machine learning


– High volume of available data to manage :FB, X (twitter), YouTube.
Gets doubled/year
– Cost of storage has reduced: cheap h/w, easy to capture, process,
store, distribute and transmit
– Availability of complex algorithms
The knowledge pyramid
• Data : All facts are data. Text, audio,
image, video etc
• Information: processed data. Include
patterns, associations/relationships
among data.
– Eg. Sales data can be analyzed to extract
information like which is the fast
moving/selling product
• Knowledge : condensed information
– Historical patterns and future trends of the
above sales example is called knowledge
• Intelligence: applied knowledge for
action /an actionable form of knowledge
• Wisdom: that represents maturity of
mind. So far, exhibited by humans
only !!!
Machine learning explained

• Machine learning is important sub branch of AI


• Arthur Samuel. Pioneers of AI, “ machine learning is the field of study that
gives the computers the ability to learn without being explicitly
programmed ”
– System should learn by itself without explicit programming
• Conventional programming uses predefined rules or logic to solve a
problem, while machine learning uses data to construct a model or logic
for the problem
• Conventional programming relies on programming logic, while machine
learning depends on real-life data-driven approaches that involve learning
and modeling.
• Conventional programming is a manual and fixed process, where the
programmer designs the solution explicitly, while machine learning is an
automatic and flexible process, where the algorithm learns from data to
generate a solution.
• As humans take decisions based on an experience, computers make
models based on extracted patterns in the input data and then use these
data data-filled models for prediction and to take decisions.
What is model?

• A model can any one of the following


– Mathematical equation
– Relational diagrams like trees/graphs
– Logical if/else rules
– Groupings called clusters
• A model can be a formula, procedure or representation that can generate
data decisions

Pattern Model
Local and only applicable to Global and fits the entire
certain attributes dataset
Machine learning in relation to other fields
• ML uses the concepts of AI, Data Science and statistics primarily
ML and AI, data science, data mining, data analytics

• Data science is an umbrella that


encompasses many fields
– Big data
– Data mining
– Data analytics
– Pattern recognition
Big data

• Data science concerns about collection of data


• Big data is a field of data science
– Volume: huge amount of data is generated by big giants like FB, Twitter, You Tube
– Variety: data is available in different form; images, videos etc
– Velocity: it deals with the speed at which data is generated and processed
• Applications
– Language translation
– Image recognition
Data Mining

• Same as mining earth for precious metals


• Unearthing of data to recognize particular patterns hidden in the data
• This pattern is used for prediction using ML
• Tools like :
Data Analytics
• Another branch of data science used to extract useful knowledge from
crude data
• Predictive data analytics is used for making predictions
Pattern recognition
• It is an engineering field
• It uses machine learning algorithms to extract the features for pattern analysis and
pattern classification

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