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Seminar Presentation

The document provides an overview of the oil and gas industry, detailing its three main sectors: upstream, midstream, and downstream, along with various career paths available in mechanical engineering. It outlines the stages of oil and gas projects, from feasibility studies to fabrication and installation, and emphasizes the importance of adhering to industry codes and standards. Additionally, it offers guidance on career development, including the acquisition of technical skills and networking opportunities.

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Edunjobi Tunde
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18 views39 pages

Seminar Presentation

The document provides an overview of the oil and gas industry, detailing its three main sectors: upstream, midstream, and downstream, along with various career paths available in mechanical engineering. It outlines the stages of oil and gas projects, from feasibility studies to fabrication and installation, and emphasizes the importance of adhering to industry codes and standards. Additionally, it offers guidance on career development, including the acquisition of technical skills and networking opportunities.

Uploaded by

Edunjobi Tunde
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Career

Development
Introduction to oil and gas

Activities that involve exploration, production, refining and


transportation of hydrocarbon either in liquid or gaseous
phase.
Oil and gas sector is usually divided into three major
sectors
• Upstream sector
• Midstream sector
• Downstream sector
Upstream Sector

Usually known as exploration and production. This


entails searching for crude oil and natural gas
underground and underwater(Subsea), drilling and
operating the wells to recover and bring the crude oil or
natural gas to the surface
Crude oil Well head
Crude Oil Well
Natural Gas Well
Midstream Sector

The midstream sector involves the transportation (by


rail, barge, truck) storage, marketing of crude oil and
natural gas. This may also include preliminary
separation of products
Tankfarm (storage facility)
Oil and gas pipelines
Downstream Sector

The downstream sector entails refining of crude oil and


processing of natural gas. The sector also entails final
distribution of refined products to end users.
Gas processing facility
Oil and gas career paths (Mechanical)

• Exploration & Production sector


Production engineers
Drilling engineers
Cementing engineers
Process engineers
Field engineers
Etc
Exploration (Jack up rig)
Oil and gas career paths (Mechanical)

• Oil and gas design sector


Tankfarm engineers
Piping Engineer
Onshore Pipeline engineers
Offshore pipeline engineer
Process design engineers
Mechanical engineers
CAD Engineer
Autocad drafter
GIS engineers
PDMS users
PDMS administrators
Etc
Oil and gas design ( Pipeline routing)
Oil and gas career paths (Mechanical)

• Construction sector
Tankfarm construction
Piping fabrication
Onshore Pipeline construction
Offshore pipeline construction
• Oil and gas services sector
• Maintenance sector
Tank Construction
Piping fabrication
Onshore Pipeline Construction
Offshore pipeline construction
Oil and gas career paths (Mechanical)

• Oil and gas services sector


Maintenance engineers
Operations
Etc
Operator
Stages of Oil and Gas Project

• Feasibility studies
The first step of this phase is to clearly establish the
general purpose and justification of the.
The feasibility study involves, first, project scoping and
normally starts with the Project Name selection
and the identification of the location, including a brief
description like starting point and final section etc.
Stages of oil and gas project

• Conceptual engineering
In this phase, design, construction and installation
companies (contractors) are appointed to carry out
the design, fabrication, construction and installation. These
companies are normally selected through a tender exercise.
The ideal scenario is when a company has the capability to
perform all the activities. In this case, the project is known
as an EPCI (Engineering, Procurement, Construction
and Installation) project.
Stages of Oil and Gas Project

• Front End Engineering Design (FEED)


In this stage of the project the general design are in more
details than the conceptual engineering. At this stage all
permits and acquisition has been obtained such as pipeline
right of way (ROW) and approved by DPR etc
Stages of Oil and Gas Project

• Detailed Engineering
In this phase, all detailed technical assessments, analyses and calculations
are to be carried out. Some of the main activities of this phase are as
follows
• Optimization of the selected parameters
• Engineering calculation or assessment
• Flow assurance assessment
• Risk assessment
• Drawings, diagrams and isometrics
• Procedures, specifications
• Material Take Off (MTO) preparation
• Presentation to governmental authorities
• Etc
Stages of Oil and Gas Project

• Fabrication, Construction and Installation


This is the physical execution phase of the project. It entails
fabrication , construction and installation of all components
of the project. In this stage activities such as wellhead
installation, piping fabrication and installation, pipeline
construction and installation, tank construction etc are
performed
Oil and Gas Codes and Standard

These are principles and guidelines that’s has been developed over
years of experience.
Note the local regulation supersedes all international codes and
standards. Some oil and gas codes are
• DPR Codes (Department of petroleum resources)
• ASME codes (B31.4, 31.3, 31.5, 31.8 etc.)
• ASTM Codes
• ASCE Codes
• API Codes (API 1102, 1104, 5D, 5L1, RP1111 etc.)
• BS Codes
• DNV Codes (F101, F110, etc.)
• NFPA Codes (NFPA 30, 58 etc.)
Application of School Curriculum to Oil and Gas
Design
Strength of Materials. (Show sample of calculation sheet)
The design of pipeline and storage tanks is guided by strength of material.
• The famous Barlow's equation is used for estimating the hoop stress in
pipelines (Section 805.2.3). S=

• Linear expansivity is used to estimate the expansion of pipelines and


calculate the thermal stress in pipelines 𝑺𝒕𝒉=𝑬 𝜶(𝑻 𝟏− 𝑻 𝟐)

)^0.5
Von misses and Tresca criterion are the general guideline for limit state design
of pipeline Section (ASME B31.8, 842.2)

• Bending stress
• Uniformly distributed loads
• Etc
Application of School Curriculum to Oil and Gas
Design
Fluid Mechanics.
This forms the basic principles of pipeline sizing

Process engineers utilizes this equation to calculate the diameter of pipeline to


convey products. This equation is also used to calculate the discharge from fire
fighting monitors
Engineering Drawing

This is one of the most important course. Most of engineering


design are presented with drawings. Typical example of
drawings prepared in the oil and gas sector
Are. (Show sample drawings and explain)
Piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID)
Equipment layout drawings (Refer to sample drawings)
Piping general arrangement drawings
Isometric drawings
Piping details and sections
Pipeline route maps
Pipeline alignment sheets
P&ID
Piping General Arrangement Drawings
Tankfarm Isometric Drawing
Stages of DED Project *Explain with spread
sheets and drawings*
• Prepare basis of design: Performed by all department but originated
by the process engineering department
Process (Chemical) Department
• Process flow diagram (PFD): The process department responsibility
• Piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID)
• Process flow calculations and simulations
Mechanical
• The mechanical department picks the P&ID and generate all relevant
drawings e.g GA, ISO’s, Sections and details etc
• Prepare all engineering design calculations, reports and specifications
such as (stress analysis, buoyancy control, buckling analysis, corrosion
assessment calculation, hydrostatic collapse for offshore pipeline etc
Essentials of an Oil and Gas Facility

• Every oil and gas facility must be designed to approved codes and
standards e.g. LPG tankfarm must be designed as per NFPA 58 or any
other codes which gives minimum spacing between tanks and other
facilities
• The facility must be design for future upgrades with available tie-in points
etc.
• Facility design must take into account operability such as access to operate
valves, walkways etc.
• Facility must be equipped with standard fire fighting system designed as
per API, NFPA codes or other codes
Oil and Gas Facility/Components and Fittings

Basically all oil and gas facilities are made of tanks, pipe networks,
generators, pumps, compressors separators etc.
Fittings: Typical examples are
Valves (gate valves, ball valves, angle valves, globe valves etc)
Elbows/bends (45 degree, 90 degrees etc)
Tees (straight tees, reducing tees)
Olets (Socket welded, threaded etc)
Reducers (concentric and eccentric reducers)
Flanges (raised face, ring joint)
Strainers (Y-strainers, basket strainers)
End caps
How to develop your career

• Equip yourself with the theoretical knowledge (Invest in your career)


• Show interest and be passionate about your career path
• You must have the sound knowledge of relevant software's (Solidworks,
Inventor, *Microsoft Word Excel, AutoCAD*)
• Have at least some knowledge of fabrication such as welding, installation
and engine maintenance.
• Think like an engineer “ find answer to the question how”
• Connect with like minds on social and career networks (LinkedIn, oilpro,
tankchat, join relevant groups such as ASME , ASME Pipeline on networks)
• Search for companies that are into the field of your career path
• You can join Lirebon Synergy group on face post relevant technical
questions
Questions/AOB

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