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Introduction to NumPy

NumPy is an open-source Python library designed for numerical computing, providing fast mathematical operations and support for multi-dimensional arrays (ndarray). It is significantly faster than Python lists for numerical tasks and is widely used in fields like Machine Learning and Data Science. The library includes functions for array creation, mathematical operations, and random number generation, making it essential for efficient scientific computation.

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8 views15 pages

Introduction to NumPy

NumPy is an open-source Python library designed for numerical computing, providing fast mathematical operations and support for multi-dimensional arrays (ndarray). It is significantly faster than Python lists for numerical tasks and is widely used in fields like Machine Learning and Data Science. The library includes functions for array creation, mathematical operations, and random number generation, making it essential for efficient scientific computation.

Uploaded by

shivadanshaan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to NumPy

Understanding NumPy Arrays and


Operations with Examples
What is NumPy?
• - Open-source Python library for numerical
computing.
• - Provides fast mathematical operations.
• - Supports multi-dimensional arrays (ndarray).
• - Efficient and optimized for scientific
computation.
Why Use NumPy?
• - Faster than Python lists for numerical operations.
• - Provides vectorized operations and broadcasting.
• - Optimized memory handling and mathematical functions.
• - Used in Machine Learning, Data Science, and AI.
Numpy

• Python library used for working with arrays.


• Has functions for linear algebra, fourier transform, and matrices.
• Created in 2005 by Travis Oliphant.
• Open source project
• Free to use
• Stands for Numerical Python.
Why Numpy?
• In Python, lists serve the purpose of arrays
• But they are slow to process.
• NumPy provide an array object that is 50x faster.
• Array object in NumPy is called ndarray
• It provides a lot of functions that make working with ndarray very easy.
• Arrays frequently used in data science, where speed and resources are
very important.
Import numpy
import numpy

arr =
numpy.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

print(arr)
Aliasing
import numpy as np

arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

print(arr)
Create a NumPy ndarray Object

• NumPy ndarray object by using the array() function.


• arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
• arr = np.array((1, 2, 3, 4, 5)) #1D array

• arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])#2D array

• arr = np.array([[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]])


#3D array
Creating NumPy Arrays
• ```python
• import numpy as np
• # From Python List
• arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3])

• # Zeros and Ones


• arr2 = np.zeros((2,3))
• arr3 = np.ones((3,4))

• # Creating Sequences
• arr4 = np.arange(0, 10, 2)
• arr5 = np.linspace(0, 5, 10)
• ```
Accessing and Modifying Arrays
• ```python
• # Indexing and Slicing
• arr = np.array([10, 20, 30, 40, 50])
• print(arr[1]) # Access element
• print(arr[1:4]) # Slice array
• # Modifying elements
• arr[2] = 100
• print(arr)
• ```
NumPy Array Attributes
• ```python
• arr = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
• print(arr.shape) # Dimensions
• print(arr.ndim) # Number of axes
• print(arr.size) # Total elements
• print(arr.dtype) # Data type
• ```
Mathematical Operations in NumPy
• ```python
• arr1 = np.array([1, 2, 3])
• arr2 = np.array([4, 5, 6])

• print(arr1 + arr2) # Element-wise addition


• print(arr1 * arr2) # Element-wise multiplication
• print(np.dot(arr1, arr2)) # Dot product
• ```
Reshaping and Transposing Arrays
• ```python
• arr = np.arange(6).reshape(2,3)
• print(arr)
• print(arr.T) # Transpose
• ```
Random Number Generation in NumPy
• ```python
• import numpy as np
• np.random.seed(42)
• random_arr = np.random.rand(3, 3) # 3x3
matrix with random values
• print(random_arr)
• ```
Summary and Questions
• - NumPy is efficient for numerical computations.
• - Supports multi-dimensional arrays with vectorized operations.
• - Mathematical functions and random number generation included.
• - Any Questions?

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