Noida Institute of Engineering and

Technology, Greater Noida

Aptitude 1

Unit: Ⅴ

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS-I
Dr. Manoj Yadav
B Tech 1st Semester Mathematics Department

Dr. Manoj Yadav Engineering Mathematics-I(AAS0103) Unit-5

1
03/31/2025
 Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida

Brief Introduction

Name: Dr.Manoj Yadav

Qualification: M.Sc,Ph.D (NIT PATNA)

Total Exp: 19+ Yrs

NIET Exp: 12+ Yrs

Course Taught: Maths-I, Maths-II, Maths-III

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s-I(AAS0103) Unit-5
 Evaluation Scheme

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 SYLLABUS

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 SYLLABUS

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s-I(AAS0103) Unit-5
 Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida

Text Books

• S.N. Mishra, Engineering Mathematics-I, Cengage Learning, 2018.

• B. V. Ramana, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Tata Mc Graw-Hill

Publishing Company Ltd., 2008.

• B. S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publisher,

2005.

• R K. Jain & S R K. Iyenger , Advance Engineering Mathematics,

Narosa Publishing House 2002.

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 Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida

Reference Books
• E. Kreyszig, Advance Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons,
2005.
• Peter V. O’Neil, Advance Engineering Mathematics, Thomson
(Cengage) Learning, 2007.
• Veerarajan T., Engineering Mathematics for first year, Tata McGraw-
Hill, New Delhi, 2008.

• P. Sivaramakrishna Das and C. Vijayakumari, Engineering

Mathematics, 1st Edition, Pearson India Education Services Pvt.
Ltd. Advanced Engineering Mathematics. Chandrika Prasad, Reena
Garg, 2018.

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 Course Objective

 The objective of this course is to familiarize the graduate

engineers with techniques in linear algebra.

 It aims to equip the students with standard concepts and

tools from intermediate to advanced level of mathematics
and applications that they would find useful in their
disciplines

Dr. Manoj Yadav Engineering Mathematics-I(AAS0103) Unit-5

03/31/2025 8
 Course Outcomes 2021-22 (B. Tech. – 1st Sem)
Course Name: Engineering Mathematics-I (AAS0103)

CO1 Apply the concept of matrices to solve linear simultaneous

equations
Apply the concept of successive differentiation and partial
CO2 differentiation to solve problems of Leibnitz theorems and total
derivatives .

CO3 Apply partial differentiation for evaluating maxima, minima, Taylor’s

series and Jacobians.

CO4 llustrate multiple integral to find area, volume, centre of mass and
centre of gravity.

Demonstrate the basic concept of Profit, Loss, Number & Series,

CO5 Coding & decoding.

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 Program Outcomes (POs)

1. Engineering knowledge

2. Problem analysis

3. Design/development of solutions

4. Conduct investigations of complex problems

5. Modern tool usage

6. The engineer and society

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 Program Outcomes (POs)

7. Environment and sustainability

8. Ethics

9. Individual and team work

10.Communication

11.Project management and finance

12. Life-long learning

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 CO-PO Mapping 2021-22 (B. Tech. – 1st Sem)

Course Name: Engineering Mathematics-I (AAS0103)

CO PO-1 PO-2 PO-3 PO-4 PO-5 PO-6 PO-7 PO-8 PO-9 PO-10 PO-11 PO-12

CO1 3 2 1 1 3 2 - - - 2 2 3
CO2 3 3 2 3 3 - - - - 2 3 3
CO3 3 2 3 3 3 2 - - - 2 3 3
CO4 3 2 3 3 2 2 - - - 2 2 3
CO5 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - 2 - 3
Mean 2.6 2 2 2.2 2.4 2.0 - - - 2 2.5 3

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 Result Analysis 2020-21 (Odd Semester)

INSTITUTE RESULT 86.8%

DEPARTMENT RESULT 95.8%

FACULTY NAME BRANCH/SECTION RESULT

CS 100%
EC 94.7%
Harendra Singhal IOT 92.5%
AI 93.5%
DS 95.7%

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Offline Sample Question Paper AAS0103.docx
[NIET 2020-21]

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 END SEM. QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR ONLINE MODE

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 END SEM. QUESTION PAPER PATTERN FOR ONLINE MODE

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Online Sample Q. Paper [NIET Q.PTemplate

2020-21] (100M) 05-07-2021.docx

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 Contents

• Simplification
• Percentage
• Profit, Loss & discount
• Average
• Number & Series
• Coding & decoding

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 Unit Objective (CO.5)

Course Objective This course aims to sensitize students with the gamut
of skills which facilitate them to enhance their employability quotient
and do well in the professional space. These skills are imperative for
students to establish a stronger connect with the environment in
which they operate.

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 Prerequisite (CO.5)

• Basic concept of mathematics

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 Simplification (CO.5)
Basic Rules of Simplification
• BODMAS Rule
• It defines the correct sequence in which operations are to be
performed in a given mathematical expression to find the
correct value. This means that to simplify an expression, the
following order must be followed -
B = Brackets, the order - (), {} and [] - should be strictly followed.
O = Order (Powers, Square Roots, etc.)
D = Division
M = Multiplication
A = Addition
S = Subtraction

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 Topic objective of Simplification (CO. 5)

Eliminate the unnecessary parts of a process. Combine and rearrange

the rest of the process. Simplify the necessary part of the process.

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 Simplification(Contd.) (CO.5)

Q. 1: Solve 4 + 10 - 3 × 6 ÷ 3 + 4
= 4 + 10 - 18/3 + 4 = 4 + 10 - 6 + 4 (Division and
multiplication, left to right)
= 14 - 6 + 4 = 8 + 4 = 12 (Addition and Subtraction, left to
right)
Q. 2: Evaluate or simplify the following expression
(a) 9 - { 7 – 24 ÷ ( 8 + 6 × 2 – 16 ) }
(b) ( - 3 ) × ( - 12 ) ÷ (- 4 ) + 3 × 6
(c) 17- { 8 ÷ (2 × 3 - 4)}
(d) 5 × 2 – [3 – { 5 – (7 + 2 × 4 - 19)}]

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 Multiple Choice Questions (CO.5)

Ques. 1 : (47 × 562.58) ÷ (23 × 112.23) = ?

(a) 17 (b) 10 (c) 18 (d) 21
Ques. 2 : (4874 + 5995 + 3329) ÷ (712 + 510 + 325) = ?
(a) 9 (b) 11 (c) 7 (d) 11
Ques. 3 : 25.05 × 123.95 + 388.999 × 15.001 =?
(a) 900 (b) 8950 (c) 8935 (d) 8975
Ques. 4 : √4090 × √12163 + 49 = (?)
(a) 29 (b) 49 (c) 33 (d) 39
Ques. 5: If x = (√126 × √63 × √45) / (√147 × √243),
then the value of x is
(a) √5 (b) √10 (c) 10 (d) 5
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 Quiz

• Evaluae

• Simplify

• Simplify + + +

• Simplify

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 Percentages (CO.5)

• The term per cent means ‘for every hundred’. It can best
be defined as:
“ A fraction whose denominator is 100 is called a
percentage, and the numerator of the fraction is called the
rate per cent.”
• Basic concept:
X% of Y (or) X of Y%
= X/100 × Y ; = X × Y/100
=XY/100; = XY/100

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 Topic objective of Percentages (CO. 5)

Percent Describe the relationship between ratios, fractions, decimals

and percents. Identify the decimal equivalent of a percent. Identify the
fractional equivalent of a percent. Label percentages with the symbol %.

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 Percentages (CO.5)

Q.1. 28% of 450 + 45% of 280

= 28/100 × 450 + 45/100 × 280
= 2 × 280 × 45/100
= 252

Q.2. Evaluate or simplify the following expression

(a)50/3% of 600gm -100/3% of 180gm
(b) 45 % of 750 – 25% of 480
(c) 860 % of 50 + 50 % of 860

Q.3. If of is of then what percent of is ?

(NIET2020-2021)

03/31/2025 Dr. Manoj Yadav Engineering Mathematics-I(AAS0103) Unit-5 35

 Application of Percentage (CO.5)

• Type 1: Salary based Problem

Q.1. A man spends 60% of his income. His income is
increased by 20% and his expenditure also increases
by 10%. Find the percentage decrease in his saving?
Solution :
Let initially income is 100.
So, expenditure = 60 and saving = 40
now income is increased by 20% i.e. 120.
So, expenditure = (70/100)*120 = 84 and saving = 36 so
% percent decrease in saving = (4/40)*100 = 10%

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 Application of Percentage (CO.5)

Q.2. P’s income is 20% more than Q’s income. How much
% Q’s income less than P’s income ?
Solution : B income = 100
A income = 100 × 120/100 = 120
% = (120 − 100/120) × 100 = 16.67%
Q.3. A reduction of 20% percent in the price of rice enables
a housewife to buy 5 kg more for rupees 1200. Find the
reduced price per kg of rice.
Solution : let original price is x rupees per kg
1200/(4x/5) – 1200/x = 5 We will get x = 60,
so reduced price = (4× 60)/5 = 48
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 Application of percentage (CO.5)

• Type 2: Population Related Problem

• Concept : Let the population of a town be P now and
suppose it increases at the rate of R % per annum, Then:
Case 1: Population after n year = P (1+ R/100)n
Case 2: Population n years ago = P/ (1+ R/100)n
Q.1. The population of a town is 15000. It increases by 10
percent in the first year and 20 percent in the second year.
But in the third year it decreases by 10 percent. What will
be the population after 3 years.
Solution : 15000 × (11/10) × (12/10) × (9/10) = 17820

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 Application of percentage (CO.5)

• Type 3: Examination based problem

Q.1. A got 30% of the maximum marks in an examination
and failed by 10 marks. However, B who took the same
examination got 40% of the total marks and got 15 marks
more than the passing marks. What were the passing
marks in the examination?
Solution : (30/100) × T = P -10
(40/100) × T = P + 15
So, you will get P = 85

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 Application of percentage (CO.5)

• Type 4: Concept of net change or net effect(only valid

for 2-D)
Case 1: If x% increases and y% also increases
Then, net effect = x + y + xy/100
Case 2: If x% increases and y% decreases
Then, net effect = x – y – xy/100
Q.1. Rishi salary is first increased by 20% and then
decreased by 25%. How much percent the salary
increased/decreased ?
Solution : net change = 20 – 25 – 500/100
net change = -10
So percentage decrease is 10%.
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 Application of percentage (CO.5)

• Type 5: Election based problem

Q.1. In an election a candidate who got 25% of the total
votes polled was defeated by his rival by 270 votes.
Assuming that there were only 2 candidates in the
election, find the total number of votes polled.
Solution : let total number of votes polled = x
75% x – 25% x = 270
50% of x = 270
x = (270×100)/50
x = 540

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 Multiple Choice Questions (CO.5)

Q. 1. Ankita is 25 years old. If Rahul’s age is 25% greater

than that of Ankita then how much percent Ankita’s age is
less than Rahul’s age?
(a) 40% (b) 35% (c) 10% (d) 20%
Q. 2. In an examination, 50% of the students passed in
Science and 75% passed in Social, while 20% students
failed in both the subjects. If 270 students passed in both
subjects, find the total number of students who appeared
in the exam?
(a)400 (b)540 (c)600 (d)750

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 Multiple Choice Questions (CO.5)

Q. 3. The population of a village has increased annually at

the rate of 20%. If at the end of 3 years it is 21600, the
population in the beginning of the first year?
(a) 10000 (b) 12500 (c) 15000 (d) 17500
Q.4. A student has to get 40 percent marks to pass an
examination. He got 60 marks but fails by 20 marks. Find
the maximum marks of the examination.
(a) 150 (b) 200 (c) 300 (d) 400
Q.5. If the price of a commodity is increased by 30%, by
how much % a consumer must reduce his consumption
so to keep the expenditure same ?
(a) 100/13 (b) 200/13 (c) 300/13 (d) 400/13
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 Quiz

• Water tax is increased by 20% but its consumption is

decreased by 20%.Find the increase or decrease in the
expenditure of the money?

• If 30% of A is added to 40% of B, the answer is 80% of

B. What percentage of A is B?

• A student multiplies a number by 5 instead of dividing it

by 5.What is the % change in the result of this mistake?

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s-I(AAS0103) Unit-5
 Assignment-1 (CO.5)

Q.1. A got 37.5 % marks less than B, then by what percent the marks of
B is more than the marks of A?
(a) 60 % (b) 37.5 % (c) 27.27 % (d) 40 %
Q.2. In an election contest between A and B, A wins by the margin of
240 votes. If A gets 60% of the total votes, total votes are:
(a) 1000 (b) 900 (c) 800 (d) 1200
Q.3. A's salary is 20% more than B’s; B's salary is 10% less than C's. If
A's salary is Rs. 1080, find C's salary.
(a) 900 (b) 1200 (c) 1000 (d) none of these
Q.4. In an examination, 50% students failed in English and 40% in
Math and 15% students failed in both subjects. If 200 students
passed in both the subjects, find the number of students appeared in
the exam.
(a) 500 (b) 600 (c) 800 (d) 1000
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 Assignment – 1 (CO.5)

Q.5. The price of petrol increased by 25% and so a person reduced

his consumption by 25%. What percentage is the rise or fall in the
expenditure incurred by him on petrol?
(a) 6.25% increasing (b) 0.625% decreasing
(c) 6.25% decreasing (d) 0.625 increasing
Q.6. The length of a rectangle is increased by 60%. By what percent
would be width have to be decreased to maintain the same area?
(a) 37.5 % (b) 60% (c) 75% (d) None of
these
Q.7. In an election between two candidates, the candidate who got
60% of valid votes won by a majority of 200 votes. If out of total
votes polled 80% votes are valid. What is the total number of votes
polled?
(a) 1000 (b) 1250 (c) 1500 (d) 1300
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 Assignment – 1 (CO.5)
Q. 8. A candidate scores 25 % marks and fails by 30 marks, while another
candidate who scores 50 % marks get 20 marks more than the
minimum marks required to pass the examinations. Find the maximum
marks for the examination.
(a) 200 (b) 100 (c) 400 (d) 500
Q. 9. Reduction in price of sugar by 20% allows a household to buy 45 kg
more for Rs.450. Find the original price of the sugar.
(a) Rs 2/ kg (b) Rs 2.5/ kg (c) Rs 3/ kg (d) None
Q. 10. In an examination, 34% of the students failed in Mathematics and
42% failed in English. If 20% of students failed in both the subjects,
then the percentage of students who passed in both the subjects was:
(a) 44 (b) 50 (c) 54 (d) 56

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 Recap (CO.5)

• Basic concept of percentage

• Different type of question
(1) Salary based Problem
(2) Population Related Problem
(3) Examination based problem
(4) Concept of net change or net effect(only valid for 2-
D)
(5) Election based problem

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 Profit & Loss (CO.5)

•Basic Concept
•Profit = SP – CP
•Profit % = (SP/CP − 1) × 100
•Loss = CP − SP
•Loss % = (1 − SP/CP) × 100
•Formulae
SP = CP (1 ± x/100)
Where, +x = profit %
−x = loss %

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 Topic objective of Profit & Loss (CO. 5)

Profit and loss account is prepared after the preparation of trading

account. The main objective of preparing profit and loss account is to
achieve the operating results of a company at the end of accounting
period. Profit and loss account is a nominal account having debit side
and credit side.

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 Profit & Loss (CO.5)(Contd.)

Q. 1. The CP of an article is 5/6th of the SP. What is the

percentage profit or loss?
Solution : CP = 5/6 of SP
SP/CP = 6/5
Profit % = (6/5 − 1) × 100 = 20
Q. 2. A man bough 18 oranges for a rupee and sold them at
12 oranges for a rupee. What is the profit percentage?
Solution : CP of 18 = SP of 12
SP/CP = 18/12 = 3/2
Profit % = (3/2 −1) × 100 = 50

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 Profit & Loss (CO.5)(Contd.)

Q. 3. If a wholesaler sells a tin of coffee at ₹ 528.He faces a

loss of 12%. If he decides to sell it at ₹ 636, what will be
profit percentage?
Solution : SP = CP (1− x/100)
528 = CP (1− 12/100)
CP = ₹ 600
Profit = 636 − 600 = 36
Profit % = (36/600) ×100 = 6

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 Profit & Loss(CO.5) (Contd.)

Q. 4. If a sari is sold for ₹ 2880 the seller will face 10%

loss, at what price should he sell to gain 20% profit?
Solution: SP = CP(1 − x/100)
2880 = CP (1− 10/100)
CP = ₹ 3200
Now, to gain 20% profit
Selling price = 3200(1+ 20/100)
SP = ₹ 3840

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 Discount (CO.5)
• Marked Price : the marked price or list price is the price
that is indicated or marked on the product.
• Markup(m) = MP − CP
Markup % = (MP/CP − 1) ×100
• Discount : Discount is the reduction given on the marked
price.
• Discount = MP− SP
Discount % = (1− SP/MP) × 100
• Successive Discount : If two successive discount of x%
and y% are converted into single equivalent discount
= x + y − xy/100

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 Topic objective of Discount (CO. 5)

Discounts to reward customers who purchase in bulk, repeat

customers and employees build customer loyalty. ...
Promotional discounts, used sparingly, offer temporary advantages
including maximising sales, revenue and profit.

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 Discount (CO.5)(Contd.)

• Formulae : Selling Price = MP(1− d/100)

• CP(1± x/100) = SP = MP (1− d/100)
Q. 1. A discount of 20% is given on the marked price of an
article. The shopkeeper charges sales tax of 10% on the
discounted price. If the selling price be ₹1848, what is the
marked price (in rupees) of the article?
Solution: Let the MP be x.
Then, 1848 = MP(1 − 20/100)(110/100)
MP = 2100

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 Discount (CO.5)(Contd.)

Q. 2. A shopkeeper marks his goods 20% above his cost

price and gives 15% discount on the marked price. Find
his gain%.
Solution: Let, CP of an article = ₹ 100
Then, marked price of an article = ₹120
Selling price = MP (1−d/100)
= 120(1−15/100)
= 102
gain %= (102 − 100)/100 ×100 = 2

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 Discount (CO.5) (Contd.)

Q. 3.
(a) If two successive discount are 30% and 10%. Find
single equivalent discount.
Solution:
single equivalent discount = 30 + 10 − 300/100
= 37%
(b) A tire is sold at three successive discount of 20%,
30% and 20%. What is the net discount?
Solution : single discount = 20 + 30 − 600/100
= 44%
Net discount = 44 + 20 − 880/100 = 55.2%
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 Multiple Choice Questions (CO.5)

Q.1. A shopkeeper uses weight of 460 gram instead of 500

gram and the sells the articles at the cost price. What is the
profit percentage?
(a) 40% (b) 23% (c) 8.7 % (d) 20%
Q.2. The MP of an article is 30% higher than its CP and 20%
discount is allowed on this article then the profit
percentage?
(a) 10% (b) 14% (c) 4% (d) 25%
Q.3. A single discount equivalent to three successive
discounts of 5%, 10%, 20% is?
(a) 68.4% (b) 35% (c) 31.6% (d) 32%

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 Multiple Choice Questions (CO.5)

Q. 4. Trader uses a weight of 920 gram instead of 1 kg

and sells the articles at the marked price which is
15% above the cost price. Find the profit percentage.
(a) 20% (b) 23% (c) 25% (d) 10 %
Q. 5. The marked price of a shirt and trousers are in the
ratio 1 : 2. The shopkeeper gives 40% discount on the
shirt. If the total discount on both is 30% , then the
discount offered on the trousers is?
(a) 15% (b) 20% (c) 25% (d) 30%

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 Quiz

• A machine is sold for Rs5060 at a gain of 10%. What would

have been the gain or loss % if it had been sold for Rs
4370?

• If a watch is sold at Rs.60, there is a loss of 15% for a profit

of 2%, the watch is to be sold at what ?

• A shopkeeper marks his goods 20% above cost price, but

allows 30% discount for cash. Find his net loss or profit ?

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s-I(AAS0103) Unit-5
 Assignment – 2 (CO.5)

Q. 1. A man sold an umbrella for Rs. 1800 and incurs a loss of

20%, and then what is the cost price of the umbrella?
(a) 1440 (b) 2160 (c) 2250 (d) 2320
Q.2. The cost price of 12 pens is equal to the selling price of 10
pens. Find the gain percent.
(a) 20% (b) 25% (c) 10% (d) 16.66%
Q. 3. A toy is sold at 25% profit. If it had been sold at 15% loss,
the selling price would have been Rs. 120 less. The toy costs
(b) Rs. 240 (b) Rs. 360 (c) Rs. 300 (d) Rs. 350
Q.4. A retailer marks all his goods at 50% above the cost price and
offers a discount of 25% on the marked price. What is his actual
profit on the sales?
(a) 25% (b) 12.5% (c) 15% (d) 20%
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 Assignment – 2 (CO.5)

Q.5. A dealer offers a discount of 10% on the marked price of an

article and still makes a profit of 20%. If its marked price is Rs.
800, then the cost price is?
(a) Rs. 600 (b) Rs. 700 (c) Rs. 800 (d) Rs. 900
Q. 6. An article is listed at Rs. 1800 and two successive discounts
of 8% and 8% are given on it. How much would the seller gain or
loss, if he gives a single discount of 16% instead of two
discounts?
(a) Rs. 11.52 loss (b) Rs. 11.52 gain
(c) Rs. 12.62 loss (d) Rs. 12.52 gain
Q.7. A single discount equivalent to three successive discounts of
5%, 10%, 20% is?
(a) 68.4% (b) 35% (c) 31.6% (d) 32%
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 Assignment – 2 (CO.5)

Q. 8. Pankaj purchased an item for Rs. 7500 and sold it at the gain of
24%. From that amount he purchased another item and sold it at the
loss of 20%. What is his overall gain/loss?
(a) Loss of Rs. 140 (b) Gain of Rs. 60
(c) Loss of Rs. 60 (d) neither gain or Loss
Q. 9. A man purchases a certain number of toffees at 6 per rupee and the
same number of toffees at 7 per rupee. He mixes the toffees and sells
them at 6 per rupee. What is his gain or loss percent?
(a) 6.692% loss (b) 7.692% gain
(c) 7.692% loss (d) 7.386% gain
Q. 10 . The difference between the selling prices after a discount of 40%
on Rs.500 and two successive discount of 36% and 4% on the same
amount is :
(a) 0 (b) Rs.2 (c) Rs.1.93 (d) Rs.7.20
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 Recap (CO.5)

• Basic concept of Profit & Loss

• Profit = SP – CP
• Loss = CP – SP
• Formulae
SP = CP (1 ± x/100)
• Basic concept of Discount
• Discount = MP− SP
• CP (1 ± x/100) = SP = MP ( 1 – d/100)
• Concept of successive discount

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 Average (CO.5)

• Average = Sum of observation/Number of observation

Q. 1. Find the average of all prime numbers between 30 and
50.
Solution : there are five prime numbers between 30 and 50.
There are 31, 37, 41, 43 and 47.
Required average = (31 + 37 + 41 + 43 + 47)/5
= 199/5 = 39.8
Q. 2. Find the average of first 85 natural numbers.
Solution : Sum of first n natural number = n(n + 1)/2
So, sum of first 85 natural numbers = (85 × 86)/2 = 3655
Required Average = 3655/85 = 43
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 Average (CO.5)(Contd.)
Q. 3. Nine person went to a hotel for taking their meals. Eight
of them spent ₹ 12 each on their meals and the ninth spent
₹ 8 more than the average expenditure of all the nine. What
was the total money spent by them?
Solution : let the average expenditure of all the nine be ₹ x.
then, 12 × 8 + (x+8) = 9x
8x = 104 or x = 13
total money spent = 9x = 9 × 13 = ₹117
Q. 4. The average weight of 10 person in a boat is increased
by 1.8 kg when one of the crew, who weight 53 kg is
replaced by new man. Find the weight of the new man.
Solution : total weight increased = 1.8 × 10 = 18 kg
Weight of new man = 53 + 18 = 71 kg
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 Topic objective of Average (CO. 5)

In statistics, an average is defined as the number that measures the

central tendency of a given set of numbers. The objectives of
statistical Average can be: 1. To facilitate comparison. For instance,
measures of central value, by reducing the mass of data to one single
figure, enable comparison to be made.

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 Multiple Choice Question (CO.5)

Q.1. The average age of 10 students in a class is 20. If a

new student is also included, then the new average age
of all the students increases by 1. The age of the new
student is?
(a) 21 (b) 30 (c) 31 (d) 41
Q.2. A student on her first 3 tests received an average
score of N points. If she exceeds her previous average
score by 20 points on her fourth test, then what is the
average score for the first 4 tests?
(a) N + 20 (b) N + 10 (c) N + 4 (d) N + 5

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 Multiple Choice Question (CO.5)

Q.3. Average of 13 number is 68. Average of its first seven

numbers is 63 and last seven number is 70.Find out the
seventh number.
(a) 45 (b) 47 (c) 49 (d) 52
Q.4. Average of 10 numbers is 14.8.if two numbers 5 and 23
are replaced by 13 and 26 respectively, then what is the
new average?
(a) 15.9 (b) 13.8 (c) 16.3 (d) 14.5
Q.5. The mean of three numbers is 21. The range of this data
set is 12 and the difference between the two smallest
numbers is 3. The greatest of the three numbers is.
(a) 24 (b) 27 (c) 25 (d) 28
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 Quiz

• The average of marks of 17 students in an examination was

calculated as 71. But it was later found that the mark of one
student had been wrongly entered as 65 instead of 56 and
another as 24 instead of 50. Find the correct average ?
• The average of 12 numbers is 9. If each number is
multiplied by 2 and added to 3, then find average of the
new set of numbers ?
• The averages of runs scored by cricket player in 11 innings
is 63 and the average of his first six innings is 60 and the
average of last six innings is 65. Find the runs scored by
him in the sixth innings ?
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s-I(AAS0103) Unit-5
 Assignment – 3 (CO.5)

Q.1. The average age of four boys, five years ago was 9 years. On including
a new boy, the present average age of all the five is 15 years. The present
age of the new boy is
(a) 14 years (b) 6 years (c) 15 years (d) 19 years
Q.2. If the average of 39, 48, 51, 63, 75, 83, x and 69 is 60, then the value of
x is :
(a) 52 (b) 53 (c) 50 (d) 51
Q.3. A batsman makes a score of 58 runs in the 15th innings and thus
increases his average by 3 runs. What is the average after 15th inning?
(a) 12 (b) 14 (c) 16 (d) 18
Q.4. The average of 5 consecutive numbers is n. If the next two numbers are
also included, the average of the 7 number will
(a) Increase by 2 (b) Increase by 1
(c) Remain the same (d) Increase by 1.4
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 Assignment – 3 (CO.5)

Q.5. In a family of 5 members, the average age at present is 33 years. The

youngest member is 9 years old. The average age of the family just before the
birth of the youngest member was
(a) 24 years (b) 30 years (c) 29 years (d) 25 years
Q.6. The average age of 14 girls and their teacher’s age is 15 years. If the
teacher’s age is excluded, the average reduces by 1. What is the teacher’s age?
(b) 32 years (b) 30 years (c) 29 years (d) 35 years
Q.7. If out of 10 selected students for an examination, 3 were of 20 years, age, 4
of 21 and 3 of 22 years, the average age of the group is
(c) 22 years (b) 21 years (c) 21.5 years (d) 20 years
Q.8. Out of four numbers the average of the first three is 16 and that of the last
three is 15. If the last number is 20 then the first number is
(a) 23 (b) 25 (c) 28 (d) 21

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 Recap (CO.5)

• Average = Sum of observation/Number of

observation

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 Number & Series (CO.5)
• Tips For Number Series
• (1) Try to observe if there are any familiar numbers in
the given series.
• (2) Familiar numbers are the numbers which are easy to
identify like primes numbers, perfect squares, cubes.
• (3) If you are unable to find familiar number, Calculate
the differences between the numbers and observe the
pattern in the differences.
• (4) If the differences are growing slowly it might be an
addition or subtraction series or If the differences are
growing rapidly it might be a square series, cube series,
or multiplicative series.
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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

• (5) If the differences also are not having any pattern then
observe every alternate number (i.e. every 3rd number
form a series) for any pattern.
• (6) The possible cases may be like sum or the average of
two consecutive numbers gives 3rd number.
• (7)If still you do not find any pattern, it signifies that the
series follows a complex pattern. Check for cases like
multiplying the number and adding/subtracting a constant
number from it to reach the pattern.

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 Topic objective of Number & Series (CO. 5)

Series Number Sequence: Concepts & Tricks. ... A numerical series is

given in which a number is wrongly placed. You are asked to identify
that particular wrong number. A numerical series is given in which a
specific number is missing. You are required to find out that
missing number.

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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

• Different type question pattern

• Type 1: Fibonacci Series
The Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers where a
no. is found by adding up the nos. before it.
Q. 1. 0,1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,___.
Solution :

Q. 2. 20, 12, 32, 44, 76, 120,____.

Solution :

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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

• Type 2: Addition series

There can be 2 types of pattern in addition series.
(A) Same number Addition series
In this type of series, the difference between 2
consecutive elements is same i.e. same digit is to be
added to the previous element to obtain the next
element.
Q.3. 3, 6, 9, 15, 18,___.
Solution :

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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

(B) Increasing order Addition series

In the given series, the difference between 2
consecutive numbers is in increasing order.
Q.4. 2, 5, 9, 14, 20, 27,____.
Solution :

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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

• Type 3: Subtraction series

(A) Same Number Subtraction Series
In this type of series, each time the same number is
subtracted from the previous element to obtain the next
element.
Q.5. 52, 49, 46, 43, 40,____.
Solution :

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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

(B) Increasing order Subtraction Series

Q.6. 94, 90, 85, 79, 72, 64,___.
Solution : Here the difference between 2 consecutive
elements is in increasing order.

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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

Type 4: Multiplication Series

(A) Same number multiplication Series
In this series, the ratio between 2 consecutive elements is
same.
Q.7. 4, 12, 36, 108, 324,____.
Solution :

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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

(B) Increasing order of Multiplication Series

In this type of series, elements are multiplied in
increasing order to find the next element.
Q.8. 5, 5, 7.5, 15,__
Solution :

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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

Type 5: Addition & Multiplication together

Q.9. 1, 3, 7, 15, 31,____.
Solution :

Type 6: Decimal Fraction

Q.10. 36, 18, 18, 27, 54,___.
Solution :

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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

Type 7: Difference of difference series

Calculate the differences between the numbers given in
the series provided in the question. Then try to observe
the pattern in the new set of numbers that you have
obtained after taking out the difference.
Q.11. 1, 3, 8, 19, 39, 71,_____.
Solution :

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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

Type 8: Twin series

In this type of series, odd place element males one series
while the even place elements make another series.
Q.12. 3, 6, 6, 12, 9, 18,______.
Solution :

Type 9: Tri-series
Q.13. 2, 9, 23, 3, 8, 25, 4,_____.

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 Number & Series (CO.5) (Contd.)

Type 10: Square series & Cube series

Q. 14. 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49,____.
Solution : In the given series, the following pattern is used
2 2, 3 2, 4 2, 5 2, 6 2, 7 2, 8 2
Type 11: Square & Cube addition
Q.15. 2, 3, 7, 16,_____.
Solution : In the given series, the following pattern is used

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 Multiple Choice Questions (CO.5)

• Finding the Missing terms

Q.1. 1, 6, 15,?, 45, 66, 91
(a) 25 (b) 26 (c) 27 (d) 28
Q.2. 625, 5, 125, 25, 25, ?,5
(a) 5 (b) 25 (c) 125 (d) 625
Q.3. 225, 196, 169, ?, 121, 100, 81
(a) 156 (b) 144 (c) 136 (d) 123
Q.4. 13 : 2197 :: 16 : ?
(a) 256 (b) 2744 (c) 4096 (d) 3378

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 Multiple Choice Questions (CO.5)

• Find out the wrong number.

Q.5. 196 169 144 121 101
(a) 101 (b) 121 (c) 169 (d) 196
Q.6. 3 10 27 4 16 64 5 25 125
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 10 (d) 27
Q.7. 2 5 10 17 26 37 50 64
(a) 17 (b) 26 (c) 37 (d) 64
Q.8. 16 22 30 45 52 66
(a) 30 (b) 45 (c) 52 (d) 66
Q.9. 125 126 124 127 123 29
(a) 126 (b) 124 (c) 123 (d) 129

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 Quiz

Find the missing terms:

• 1015, 508, 255, 129, 66.5, ?, 20.875

• 6, 5, 7, 12.5, 27, ?

• 6, 24, 60, 120, 210, ?

• 7, 12, 20, 37, 81, 206, ?

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s-I(AAS0103) Unit-5
 Assignment – 4 (CO.5)

Q. 1. 1, 2, 9, ?, 16900
(a) 19 (b) 121 (c) 100 (d) 45
Q.2. 2, 4, 16, 512, ?
(a) 2048 (b) 16384 (c) 524288 (d) 131072
Q.3. 6, 9, 7, 10, 8, 11, ?
(a) 14 (b) 8 (c) 9 (d) 11
Q. 4. 563, 647, 479, 815, ?
(a) 672 (b) 386 (c) 279 (d) 143
Q.5. 0, 7, 26, 63, 124, ?
(a) 210 (b) 215 (c) 211 (d) 224
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 Assignment – 4 (CO.5)

Q.6. 72, 9, 82, 10, 88, 16, 86, 14, 99, ?

(a) 102 (b) 22 (c) 18 (d) 16
Q.7. 6, 5, 7, 12.5, 27, ?
(a) 69 (b) 57.5 (c) 67.5 (d) 69.5
Q.8. 2, 11, 58, 295, 1482,?
(a) 6750 (b) 4450 (c) 6459 (d) 7419
Q.9. 7, 12, 20, 37, 81, 206, ?
(a) 324 (b) 306 (c) 280 (d) 574

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 Recap (CO.5)

• Tips For Number Series

• Different type question pattern
(1) Fibonacci Series
(2) Addition series
(3) Subtraction series
(4) Multiplication Series
(5) Addition & Multiplication together
(6) Decimal Fraction
(7) Difference of difference series
(8) Twin series
(9) Tri-series

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 Coding & Decoding (CO.5)

• Coding means to hide the meaning of any message and

decoding means to understand the actual meaning of that
message.
• Coding-decoding is one of the most important topic in
reasoning section of any competitive exams. We can
expect 5-6 questions from this section.
Types of Coding-Decoding:
• Letter Coding
• Number Coding
• Symbol Coding
• Deciphering Message Word Coding/Numerical Coding
• Substitution Coding
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 Topic objective of Coding & Decoding(CO. 5)

Coding is a process used to encrypt a word, a number in a

particular code or pattern based on some set of
rules. Decoding is a process to decrypt the pattern into its
original form from the given codes. ... Number Coding In this
type of questions, a word is replaced by certain numbers
according to some specific rule.

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 Coding & Decoding (CO.5) (Contd.)

• Type 1: Letter Coding

• Order List of Alphabets:

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 Coding & Decoding (CO.5) (Contd.)

Q. 1. If “EXAM” is coded as “FYBN”, how is “RESULT”

coded in the same language?
Solution :

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 Coding & Decoding (CO.5)(Contd.)

• Type 2: Number Coding

Number Coding are based on numbers or numerical
digits, given on some special pattern which look likes
some code. In this first you have to look the both letter
code and notice the numeric digit coded to that alphabet,
and answer the common pattern available in the option.
Q.2. If “ADDA” is coded as “5885”, “PEN” is coded as
"147", how is “EDEN” coded in the same language?
Solution :

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 Coding & Decoding(CO.5) (Contd.)

• Type 3: SYMBOL CODING:

Symbol Coding are based on Symbols. In this type of
coding either alphabetical code are assigned to symbols
or symbols are assigned to alphabets.
Q.3. If “LESD” is written as “ @ $ & # “ , “NAC” is
written as “ % ? * “, how “CANDLES” is coded in the
same way?
Solution :

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 Coding & Decoding (CO.5)(Contd.)

• Type 4: Deciphering Message Word

Coding/Numerical Coding
• Q.4. In a certain language, “put tir fin” means “delicious
juicy fruit”; “tie dip sig” means “beautiful white lily”; and
“sig lon fin” means “lily and fruit”. What is the code for
“and”?
• Solution : “lon” is common code for word ‘and’ .

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 Coding & Decoding (CO.5) (Contd.)

• Type 5: Substitution Coding

In this type of coding, some particular words are assigned
with certain substitution and on the basis of substitution
word the code is derived.
Q.5. If ‘white’ is called ‘blue’, ‘blue’ is called ‘red’, ‘red’ is
called ‘yellow’, ‘yellow’ is called ‘green’, ‘green’ is
called ‘black’, ‘black’ is called ‘violet’ and ‘violet’ is
called ‘orange’, then what would be the colour of human
blood?
Solution : the colour of human blood is ‘red’ but here ‘red’
is called ‘yellow’. So, the colour of human blood will be
‘yellow’.
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 Multiple Choice Questions (CO.5)

• Directions (1-5): Read the following information

carefully and answer the questions given below. All
the codes given below are only in two letters format.
“Banks are digital today” is written as “Zi Li Ki Ti”,
“Money transfer through banks” is written as “Di Ki
Si Fi”, “Digital money easy today” is written as “Si
Zi Ti Bi” and “Today we have leave” is written as “Gi
Xi Vi Zi”.
(1) What is the possible code for “Easy for transfer”?
(a) Fi Bi Zi (b) Di Ji Bi
(c) Bi Ti Ui (d) Fi Li Xi
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 Multiple Choice Questions (CO.5)

(2) If “Banks have money” is coded as “Gi Si Ki”, then

what will be the code for “Leave”?
(a) Di (b) Li (c) Zi (d) Vi
(3) What is the code for “Transfer”?
(a) Di (b) Ti
(c) Fi (d) Cannot be determined
(4) What is the word for the code “Si” in the given code
language?
(a) Today (b) Banks (c) Money (d) Digital
(5) If “Money market easy” is written as “Bi Si Ci”, then
what will be the code for “Market”?
(a) Bi (b) Si (c) Ci (d) Either Si or Ci
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 Multiple Choice Questions (CO.5)

Q.6. In a certain code, TEACHER is written as

VGCEJGT. How is CHILDREN written in that
code ?
(a)EJKNEGTP (b)EGKNFITP
(c)EJKNFGTO (d)EJKNFTGP
Q.7. If MACHINE is coded as 19-7-9-14-15-20-11, how
will code DANGER?
(a) 11-7-20-16-11-24 (b)13-7-20-9-11-25
(c)10-7-20-13-11-24 (d)13-7-20-10-11-25

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 Multiple Choice Question (CO.5)

Q.8. In certain code language, ‘617’ means ‘sweet and hot’,

‘735’ means ‘coffee is sweet’ and ‘263’ means ‘tea is hot’.
Which of the following mean ‘coffee is hot’ ?
(a)731 (b)536 (c)753 (d)None of these
Q.9. If ‘grass is green’ is coded as ‘$#@’, ‘grass in pink’ is
coded as ‘%@&’ and ‘ green colour park’ is coded as ‘$&*’
, then what is the code for ‘colour is green’ ?
(a) $*& (b) &$# (c) $*# (d) @$*
Q.10. If blue is coded as green, green is coded as white and
white is code as black, and then what will be the code for
the colour of grass?
(a) White (b) Green (c) Black (d) none of these
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 Quiz

• If 35+48=40, 23+34=24, 15+25=26, then 11+21=?

• In a certain code language, ‘po se de’ means ‘she is
good’, ‘tep re po’ means ‘good are clever’ and ‘se tep flu’
means ‘boy is clever’. Which of the following means
‘are’ in that language?
• If ‘green’ is called ‘white’, ‘white’ is called ‘yellow’,
‘yellow’ is called ‘blue’, ‘blue’ is called ‘pink’ and ‘pink’
is called ‘black’, then what is the colour of milk?

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 Assignment – 5 (CO.5)

Q. 1. If in a certain code “RANGE” is coded as 12345 and

“RANDOM” is coded as 123678. Then the code for the word
“MANGO” would be?
(a) 82357 (b) 84629 (c) 82347 (d) 83274
Q.2. If “PROMPT” is coded as QSPLOS, then “PLAYER” should be?
(a) QMBZFS (b) QMBXDQ (c) QUREXM (d) URESTI
Q.3. In a certain code language, 'no more food' is written as 'ta ka da'
and 'more than that' is written as 'sa pa ka'. How is 'that' written in
that code language?
(a) Sa (b) ka (c) sa or pa (d) data inadequate
Q.4.In a certain code GUEST is written as 53@$2 and MEAN is
written as 6@4#. How is SAME written in that code?
(a) 4$6@ (b) $46@ (c) $36@ (d) 5$6@
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 Assignment – 5 (CO.5)

Q.5. In certain code, RELATION is written as ZKDQMNHS and NOSE

is written as NMDR. How will MISTER be written in that code?
(a) NHRQFS (b) QHLMDQ (c) RHLMDQ (d) RHLQDS
Q.6. In certain code language, CHANAKYA is coded as ZBPZMZSX.
How will KAUTILYA be coded in the same code language?
(a) ZBMNFGZP (b) ZBORGFZP (c) ZBOMFGZP (d) ZBONGFZP
Q.7. In a certain code language, 732 means ‘intelligent trained faculty’
285 means ‘highly intelligent student’, 816 means ‘student and
teacher’. Which numerical symbol in that code language stands for
‘highly’?
(a) 5 (b) 8 (c) 7 (d) 2
Q.8.In certain code language SERIES is coded as 5625 and PIPE is
coded as 2116. How will WAP be coded in the same code language?
(a) 1331 (b) 1600 (c) 1728 (d) 4096
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 Recap (CO.5)

Types of Coding-Decoding:
• Letter Coding
• Number Coding
• Symbol Coding
• Deciphering Message Word Coding/Numerical
Coding
• Substitution Coding

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 Expected Questions for University Exam

Q.1. If x = (√126 × √63 × √45) / (√147 × √243), then the value of x is

(a) √5 (b) √10 (c) 10 (d) 5
Q.2. A reduction of 20% percent in the price of rice enables a housewife to
buy 5 kg more for rupees 1200. Find the reduced price per kg of rice.
Q.3. A student has to get 40 percent marks to pass an examination. He got
60 marks but fails by 20 marks. Find the maximum marks of the
examination.
Q.4. If the price of a commodity is increased by 30%, by how much % a
consumer must reduce his consumption so to keep the expenditure
same ?
Q.5. If a sari is sold for ₹ 2880 the seller will face 10% loss, at what price
should he sell to gain 20% profit?

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 Expected Questions for University Exam

Q.6. A shopkeeper marks his goods 20% above his cost price and gives
15% discount on the marked price. Find his gain%.
Q.7. The average weight of 10 person in a boat is increased by 1.8 kg
when one of the crew, who weight 53 kg is replaced by new man.
Find the weight of the new man.
Q.8. The mean of three numbers is 21. The range of this data set is 12
and the difference between the two smallest numbers is 3. Find the
greatest of the three numbers.
Q.9. 13 : 2197 :: 16 : ?
(a) 256 (b) 2744 (c) 4096 (d) 3378
Q.10. 1015, 508, 255, 129, 66.5, ?, 20.875
(a) 34.50 (b) 35 (c) 35.30 (d) 35.75

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 Expected Questions for University Exam

Q.11. Find out the wrong number of :

125 126 124 127 123 129
Q.12. If “Money market easy” is written as “Bi Si Ci”, then what will
be the code for “Market”?
Q.13. If MACHINE is coded as 19-7-9-14-15-20-11, how will code
DANGER?
Q.14. If ‘grass is green’ is coded as ‘$#@’, ‘grass in pink’ is coded as
‘%@&’ and ‘ green colour park’ is coded as ‘$&*’ , then what is the
code for ‘colour is green’ ?
Q.15. A Shopkeeper buys two bicycles for Rs. 750. He sells first
bicycle at a profit of 22% and the second bicycle at a loss of 8%.
What is the SP of first bicycle if in the whole transaction there is no
profit no loss?

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 Summary (CO.5)

We discussed the following points with students:

• Course Objective
• COs and POs of subject
• Mapping of COs and Pos
• Prerequisite and Recap
•Simplification
• Percentage
• Profit, Loss & discount
• Average
• Number & Series
• Coding & decoding
• MCQs

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 Faculty Video Links, Youtube Links and Online Courses
Details

• Suggested Links:

• Simplification
https://youtu.be/gh4igD4fAqM
• Percentage
https://youtu.be/gbR_m1byDns
• Profit ,Loss &Discount
https://youtu.be/58BWZL8f2qQ

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s-I(AAS0103) Unit-5
 Faculty Video Links, Youtube Links and Online Courses
Details

• Suggested Links:
• Average
https://youtu.be/mzGZfv63oD4
• Number &Series
• https://youtu.be/Wgg34HnJDv4
• Coding &Decoding
https://youtu.be/0qTnewnVRLo

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s-I(AAS0103) Unit-5
 Reference

• Website - https://www.GovernmentAdda.com
• Books references – R.S. Agrawal

Thank You

03/31/2025 Dr. Manoj Yadav Engineering Mathematics-I(AAS0103) Unit-5 117