Detailed Quantity

Survey
MASONRY

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Fundamental Assumptions
Height of one block = 0.20 m
Length of one block = 0.40 m

 Thickness of one block

4” = 0.1 m 6” = 0.15 m 8” = 0.20
m
5” = 0.12 m 7” =engr_rey
0.17 m 2
FUNDAMENTAL METHOD
1. Divide the total height (above
NGL + below NGL) of the fence
by the height of one block.
2. Divide the length of the fence
by the length of one block.
3. Multiply the result of step 1 by
step 2.

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 Example
Consider the given non load bearing wall.
Compute for the required CHB to construct
5m
the wall.

3m

NGL
0.5 m
WALL FOOTING LINE

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Solution
1. Divide the height of the fence by the
height of one block.
= 17.5 layers
2. Divide the length of the fence by the
length of one block.
= 12.5 pieces/layer
3. Multiply the result of step 1 by step 2.
17.5 layers x 12.5 pieces/layer = 218.75
pieces 4” CHB

*Round up your value, thus 219 pieces.

engr_rey 5
AREA METHOD

From the above figure it appears that one square meter

area requires 12.5 pieces concrete hollow blocks.
Therefore, by multiplying the entire area of the wall by
12.5, we find the total number of CHB required.
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 Example
Consider the given non load bearing wall.
Compute for the required CHB to construct
5m
the wall.

3m

NGL
0.5 m
WALL FOOTING LINE

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Solution:
1. Area of the fence:
3.5 meters x 5 meters = 17.5 sq. m.
2. Multiply the area of the wall by 12.5
pieces/sq. m.
17.5 sq. m. x 12.5 pieces/sq. m. = 218.75
pieces

*Round up your value, thus 219 pieces.

Note: Subtract the area of the opening of

doors, windows, or any wall openings in your
fundamental/area calculation if any.
engr_rey 8
Estimating Cement Mortar
Cement Mortar is a mixture of cement, sand,
and water. It is used as bonding materials in
installing masonry blocks and other various
plastering works. In estimating cement mortar,
one has to consider the following items:
a) The mortar to be used in between the layer
of CHB.
b) The mortar filler for the hollow core or cell
of the blocks. This filler could be pure
mortar or mortar with gravel for economy.
c) Fine screened sand for plastering.
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Cement Mortar – Volume
Method
1. Determine the volume of mortar in
between layer of the blocks, adopting the
12 mm (1/2”) or 0.012 meter uniform
thickness of the mortar.
Volume = thickness x width of CHB x length
of wall
2. Divide the wall height by 0.20 meter
height of one block then multiply it by
the volume of mortar.

engr_rey 10
Cement Mortar – Volume
Method
3. Aside from the cement mortar used in
between block layers, there are 4 hollow
cores or cells per block to be filled up with
mortar (3 whole core, 2 half core).

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Cement Mortar – Volume Method
Volume = core along thickness x core along
length x height of core x 4 cores
Thus,
For 4” CHB
V = 0.05 m x 0.075 m x 0.20 m x 4 cores
For 5” CHB
V = 0.07 m x 0.075 m x 0.20 m x 4 cores
For 6” CHB
V = 0.1 m x 0.075 m x 0.20 m x 4 cores
For 8” CHB
V = 0.15 m x 0.075 m x 0.20 m x 4 cores
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Cement Mortar – Volume Method
Note: The core volume depends on the
thickness of the web and the thickness of the
shell. Previous formulas may change for thicker
web and thicker shell.

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Cement Mortar – Volume Method

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Cement Mortar – Volume Method
4. Find the total volume of hollow core for the total #
of CHB.
5. For total volume, add results of step 2 and step 4.
6. Refer to the table for the quantity of cement and
sand for mortar and plaster in cubic meters.
Cement in Bags
Class Sand
Proportion
Mixture 40 kg. 50 kg. (cu. m.)

A 1:2 18.0 14.5 1.0

B 1:3 12.0 9.5 1.0

C 1:4 9.0 7.0 1.0

D 1:5 7.5 6.0 1.0

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Example
Consider the given non load bearing wall.
Determine the quantity of cement and sand
needed for mortar and filler using Class B
mixture. 5m

3m

NGL
0.5 m
WALL FOOTING LINE

engr_rey 16
Solution:
Determine the volume of mortar in between
layer of the blocks, adopting the 12 mm (1/2”)
or 0.012 meter uniform thickness of the
mortar.
Volume = thickness x width of CHB x length of
wall
V = 0.012 m x 0.10 m x 5.0 m
V = 0.006 cu. m.
Divide the wall height by 0.20 meter height of
one block then multiply it by the volume of
mortar.
V = x0.006 cu. m.
V = 0.105 engr_rey
cu. m. 17
Solution:
Aside from the cement mortar used in
between block layers, there are 4 hollow
cores or cells per block to be filled up with
mortar (3 whole core, 2 half core).
V = 0.05 m x 0.075 m x 0.20 m x 4 cores
V = 0.003 cu. m.
Find the total volume of hollow core for the
total # of CHB.
V = 219 pieces x 0.003 cu. m./piece = 0.657
cu. m.
For total volume, add results of step 2 and
step 4.
V = 0.105 cu. m. +engr_rey
0.657 cu. m. 18
Solution:
Refer to the table for the quantity of cement and
sand for mortar and plaster in cubic meters.
Using Class B mixture:
Cement = 0.762 x 12.0 = 9.144 bags
Sand = 0.762 x 1.0 = 0.762 cu. m.

Note: Round up your cement quantity to the next

whole number after you have estimated all the
required volume of your masonry structures.
Round up to next half cubic meter for your sand
after you have estimated all the required volume of
your structures. This is to avoid excessive quantity
of materials.
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Cement Mortar – Area Method
1. Compute for the wall area.
2. Refer to the table for the quantity of cement
and sand for CHB mortar per square meter.

Bags Cement Mixture (40 kg)

Number
Size of CHB
per Sand
(in cm)
sq.m. A B C D (cu.
m.)
10 x 20 x 40
12.5 0.792 0.522 0.394 0.328 0.0435
(for 4” CHB)
15 x 20 x 40
12.5 1.526 1.018 0.763 0.633 0.0844
(for 6” CHB)
20 x 20 x 40
12.5 2.260 1.500 1.125 0.938 0.1250
(for 8” CHB)

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Example
Consider the given non load bearing wall.
Determine the quantity of cement and sand
needed for mortar and filler using Class B
mixture. 5m

3m

NGL
0.5 m
WALL FOOTING LINE

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Solution:
Compute for the wall area.
A = 3.5 m x 5 m = 17.5 sq. m.

Refer to the table for the quantity of cement

and sand for CHB mortar per square meter.
Using Class B mixture and along non load
bearing CHB at 4” ( 10 x 20 x 40)
Cement = 17.5 x 0.522 = 9.135 bags
Sand = 17.5 x 0.0435 = 0.76125 cu. m.

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Note: Round up your cement quantity to the
next whole number after you have estimated
all the required area of your masonry
structures. Round up to next half cubic meter
for your sand after you have estimated all the
required area of your structures. This is to
avoid excessive quantity of materials.

engr_rey 23
Cement Mortar – Hundred Block Method
1. Find the number of concrete hollow blocks.
2. Convert to unit of 100.
3. Refer to the table for the quantity of cement
and sand per one hundred blocks.
Cement in Bags (40 kg)
Size of Sand
CHB A B C D (cu. m.)

10 x 20 x
6.336 4.176 3.152 2.624 0.348
40
15 x 20 x
12.150 8.104 6.072 5.064 0.675
40
20 x 20 x
18.072 12.000 9.000 7.5404 1.000
40
engr_rey 24
Example
Consider the given non load bearing wall.
Determine the quantity of cement and sand
needed for mortar and filler using Class B
mixture. 5m

3m

NGL
0.5 m
WALL FOOTING LINE

engr_rey 25
Solution:
Find the number of concrete hollow blocks
Area = 3.5 m x 5.0 m = 17.5 sq. m.
Thus, 17.5 sq. m. x 12.5 = 218.75 = 219
pieces

Convert to unit of 100: = 2.19

Refer to the table for the quantity of
cement and sand per one hundred blocks.
Using Class B Mixture and along non load
bearing CHB at 4” ( 10 x 20 x 40).
Cement = 2.19 x 4.176 = 9.145 bags
Sand = 2.19 x 0.348 = 0.76212 cu. m.
engr_rey 26
Comparison
Actual Value
Hundred Block
Material Volume Method Area Method
Method
Cement 9.144 bags 9.135 bags 9.145 bags
Sand 0.762 cu.m. 0.76125 cu.m. 0.76212 cu.m.

Rounded up Value
Hundred Block
Material Volume Method Area Method
Method
Cement 10 bags 10 bags 10 bags
Sand 1 cu.m. 1 cu.m. 1 cu.m.

Comparing the answers of the three methods in finding the

materials for cement mortar and fillers, the results are practically
the same. The estimator now has the choice which method to use. 27
engr_rey
 Cement Mortar for Plastering –
Volume Method
1. Compute the two sides area of the wall. Do not include
embedded parts of the wall.
2. Consider an average plaster thickness, determine the volume
of the plaster.
3. Solve for the cement and sand requirement using the table for
the quantity of cement and sand for plaster per cubic meter.

engr_rey 28
Example
Consider the given non load bearing wall.
Determine the quantity of cement and sand needed
to plaster two sides of the wall. Consider 16 mm
thickness of plaster along a Class B Mixture.
5m

3m

NGL
0.5 m
WALL FOOTING LINE

engr_rey 29
Solution:
 Compute the two sides area of the wall.
A = 3 m x 5 m x 2 sides
A = 30 sq. m.
 Determine the volume of the plaster at 16 mm
thickness:
V = 30 sq.m. x 0.016 m
V = 0.48 cu.m.
 Solve for the cement and sand requirement using
the table for the quantity of cement and sand for
plaster per cubic meter.
Cement = 0.48 cu.m. x 12 = 5.76 bags
Sand = 0.48 cu.m x 1.0 = 0.48 cu.m.
engr_rey 30
 Cement Mortar for Plastering –
Area Method
1. Compute the two sides area of the wall. Do not
include embedded parts of the wall.
2. Solve for the cement and sand requirement using
the table for the quantity of cement and sand for
plaster per square meter area.

engr_rey 31
Example
Consider the given non load bearing wall.
Determine the quantity of cement and sand needed
to plaster two sides of the wall. Consider 16 mm
thickness of plaster along a Class B Mixture.
5m

3m

NGL
0.5 m
WALL FOOTING LINE

engr_rey 32
Solution:
 Compute the two sides area of the wall.
A = 3 m x 5 m x 2 sides
A = 30 sq. m.
 Solve for the cement and sand requirement using
the table for the quantity of cement and sand for
plaster per square meter area.
Cement = 30 sq.m. x 0.192 = 5.76 bags
Sand = 30 sq.m. x 0.016 = 0.48 cu.m.

engr_rey 33
Comparison
Actual Value
Material Volume Method Area Method
Cement 5.76 bags 5.76 bags
Sand 0.48 cu.m. 0.48 cu.m.

Rounded up Value
Material Volume Method Area Method
Cement 6 bags 6 bags
Sand 0.5 cu.m. 0.5 cu.m.

Comparing the answers of the two methods in finding the

materials for plaster, the results are practically the same. The
estimator now has the choice whichengr_rey
method to use. 34
Note: Round up your cement quantity to the
next whole number after you have estimated
all the required area of your plastering
works. Round up to next half cubic meter for
your sand after you have estimated all the
required area of your plastering works. This
is to avoid excessive quantity of materials.

engr_rey 35
Special Types of CHB

engr_rey 36
Quantity of Cement, Sand, and Gravel per
block for Special Types of CHB

engr_rey 37
The mortar for block laying is a mixture of
cement and sand laid in between the layer of
the blocks at approximately ½ of an inch or
12 mm as bonding materials. The hollow core
is filled with concrete, a mixture of mortar
and gravel. And to fill the core with pure
mortar alone is a very costly construction
undertaking to the advantage of cement
manufacturer at the expense of the
contractor. How to use the table, the
following example is presented.

engr_rey 38
Example:
A masonry wall 15 cm thick requires 1500
pieces of 2-core stretcher blocks, 100 pieces
single end block, 120 half block, 200 corner
blocks, and 80 pieces beam block. Find the
quantity of cement, sand, and gravel using
Class B mortar mixture.

engr_rey 39
Solution
1. Itemized the blocks according to its
category and indicate the number of pieces.
Number of
Item Block Description
Pieces
2-core 15 cm stretcher
a 1500
block
b Single end block 100
c Half block 120
d L-Corner block 200
e Beam block 80

engr_rey 40
Solution
Refer to the Quantity of Cement, Sand, and
Gravel per block for Special Types of CHB
using Class B mixture. Multiply the number of
blocks to each corresponding value in the
table to get the cement, sand, and gravel
required.

Item a) 1500 Stretcher Blocks

Cement = 1500 x 0.0623 = 93.45 bags
Sand = 1500 x 0.0030 = 4.50 cu.m.
Gravel = 1500 x 0.0045 = 6.75 cu.m.

engr_rey 41
Solution
Item b) 100 Single End Block
Cement = 100 x 0.0612 = 6.12 bags
Sand = 100 x 0.0040 = 0.45 cu.m.
Gravel = 100 x 0.0075 = 0.75 cu.m.
Item c) 120 Half Block
Cement = 120 x 0.0270 = 3.24 bags
Sand = 120 x 0.0020 = 0.24 cu.m.
Gravel = 120 x 0.0035 = 0.42 cu.m.

engr_rey 42
Solution
Item d) 200 L-Corner Block
Cement = 200 x 0.0590 = 11.80 bags
Sand = 200 x 0.0041 = 0.82 cu.m.
Gravel = 200 x 0.0070 = 1.40 cu.m.
Item e) 80 Beam Block
Cement = 80 x 0.0488 = 3.90 bags
Sand = 80 x 0.0040 = 0.32 cu.m.
Gravel = 80 x 0.0070 = 0.56 cu.m.

engr_rey 43
Solution
Summary of the Materials

Cement Sand Gravel

Item Block Description
(bags) (cu.m.) (cu.m.)
2-core 15 cm
a 93.45 4.50 6.75
stretcher block
b Single end block 6.12 0.45 0.75
c Half block 3.24 0.24 0.42
d L-Corner block 11.80 0.82 1.40
e Beam block 3.90 0.32 0.56
Total 118.51 6.33 9.88
Actual Quantity 119 bags 6.5 cu.m. 10 cu.m.

engr_rey 44
Decorative Blocks
Decorative hollow blocks are manufactured from
either cement mortar or clay. These types of
construction materials had been widely used for
ventilation and decorative purposes.

engr_rey 45
Decorative Blocks

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Adobe Stone

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Adobe Stone

Mortar at an average thickness of 16 mm

engr_rey 48
Adobe Stone

Mortar at an average thickness of 16 mm

engr_rey 49
Example
Considering the given figure, estimate the quantity of
adobe stone, cement, and sand using Class B Mixture.
Unit of measurement in the illustration is in centimeters.

engr_rey 50
Solution
Solving for Adobe Stone Wall
Determine the length of the fence minus the
space occupied by the buttresses.
L = 15 m – 0.15 m – 0.30 m – 0.30 m – 0.15 m
L = 14.1 m
Solve for the net area of the wall.
A = 14.1 m x [1.50 m + 0.5 m]
A = 28.20 sq. m.
Refer to the table for the quantity of cement and
sand for adobe mortar per square meter using
15 x 15 x 45 cm adobe stone.
# of Adobe Stone = 28.20 x 14.8 = 417.36 pieces
Thus, 418 pieces
engr_rey 51
Solution
B. Solving for Buttresses [Buttress – adobe wall
column]
Find the total height of the buttress.
H = [1.5 m + 0.5 m] x 4 buttress
H = 8 meters

Refer to the table of Quantity of Adobe Stone

Cement and Sand for Buttresses and
Footings. In our figure, the cross section of
the buttress is 30 cm x 45 cm,
# of stone = 8 meters x 12 stone per meter
height
# of stone = 96 pieces
engr_rey 52
Solution
For a 45 cm x 60 cm buttress footing, identify
the number of course using the same table
previously.
# of course = 4 footings x 4
# of stone = 16 pieces

Add results of step 2 and 3 under buttress

# of Adobe Stone = 96 pieces + 16 pieces
# of Adobe Stone = 112 pieces

engr_rey 53
Solution
C. Solving for Wall Footing
Length of the fence minus the space occupied
by the buttress footing.
L = 15 m – 0.225 m – 0.45 m – 0.45 m – 0.225
m
L = 13.65 m
Multiply by 6 stones per meter length. The
abode stones are laid crosswise the wall.
# of stone = 13.65 m x 6
# of stone = 81.9 pieces
Thus, 82 pieces

engr_rey 54
Solution
C. Solving for the Cement Mortar
 Consider the area of the wall computed then refer to
the table for the quantity of cement and sand for
adobe mortar per square meter. Using Class B
mortar.
Cement: 28.20 x 0.2808 = 7.9186, thus 8 bags
Sand: 28.20 x 0.0234 = 0.6599 cu.m.

 For buttresses and footing, consider the number of

stones computed. Refer to the table for the quantity
of adobe stone cement and sand for buttresses and
footings. Along 30 cm x 45 cm buttress and using
Class B mixture:
Cement: 112 pieces x 0.027 = 3.024 bags, thus 4 bags
Sand = 112 pieces x 0.0023 = 0.2567 cu.m.
engr_rey 55
Solution
C. Solving for the Cement Mortar
Mortar for Wall Footing = 82 pieces
Refer to the table for the quantity of adobe
stone cement and sand for buttresses and
footings. Using Class B mixture:
Cement: 82 x 0.027 = 2.214 bags, thus 3 bags
Sand: 82 x 0.0023 = 0.1886 cu.m.

engr_rey 56
 Quantity of Cement and Sand for
Plastering Adobe Stone per Square Meter

engr_rey 57
Solution
D. Solving for Cement Plaster
Find the total surface area of the wall and the
buttresses to be plastered.
L = 15 + 2(0.15) + 6(0.15)
L = 16.2 m

A = length x height (exposed)

A = 16.2 m x 1.5 m
A = 24.3 sq. m.

engr_rey 58
Solution
D. Solving for Cement Plaster
Refer to the table for Quantity of Cement and
Sand for Plastering Adobe Stone per Square
Meter. Using Class B mixture and two sides
will be plastered.
Cement: 24.3 sq. m. x 0.48 = 11.664 bags, thus
12 bags
Sand: 24.3 sq.m. x 0.04 = 0.972 cu.m.

Summary of Materials
612 pieces 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm adobe stone
27 bags of cement
3 cu.m. ofengr_rey
sand 59
RIP-RAP AND GROUTED RIP-RAP

CROSS SECTION OF RUBBLE RETAINING

WALL
engr_rey 60
Class of Stone for Rip Raping
 Class A – Stone ranging from 15 to 30 kilograms
with at least 50% of the stones weighing more
than 20 kilograms.
 Class B - Stone ranging from 30 to 60 kilograms
with at least 50% of the stones weighing more
than 50 kilograms.
 Class C - Stone ranging from 60 to 100 kilograms
with at least 50% of the stones weighing more
than 80 kilograms.
 Class D - Stone ranging from 100 to 200
kilograms with at least 50% of the stones
weighing more than 150 kilograms.

engr_rey 61
Example:
A stone rip-rap retaining wall 50 meters long
shown using Class B stone with Class C grout
mixture. List down the materials required including
the weep hole drain pipe and the gravel backfill as
granular soil filter. Assume 2 meters spacing for
each weep hole (3” diameter pipe at 3 m length).
Consider two layers weep hole with lengths 1.50
meters lower layer and 1.0 m upper layer. Granular
soil filter at 30 cm x 30 cm.

engr_rey 62
Figure:

engr_rey 63
Solution:
 Solve for the volume of the proposed rip rap.
V1 = 0.60 m x 4.0 m x 50 m
V1 = 120 cu.m.
V2 = ½ x 1.4 m x 4.0 m x 50 m
V2 = 140 cu.m.
Total Volume of stone = 260 cu.m.

 Refer to the table for the quantity of cement and

sand on a stone riprap per cubic meter. Using
Class B stone and Class C grout mixture:
Cement: 260 x 1.214 = 315.64, thus 316 bags
Sand = 260 x 0.135 = 35.1 , thus 35.5 cu.m.
engr_rey 64
Solution:
Divide the length of the riprap by the weep
holes at 2.0 meter spacing distance:
Quantity of 3” dia. pipe =
Quantity of 3” dia. Pipe = 25 pieces

For 2 layers weep hole:

Lower layer: 25 pieces 3” diameter pipe at 1.50
m long
Upper Layer: 25 pieces 3” diameter at 1.0 m
long

engr_rey 65
Solution:
Find the volume of the granular soil (gravel)
filter:
V = 0.30 m x 0.30 m x 50 m
V = 4.5 cu.m.

Summary of the materials:

260 cu.m. Class B Stone
316 bags of cement
35.5 cu.m. of sand
4.5 cu.m gravel
21 pieces 3” x 3.0 m PVC pipe.
engr_rey 66
CONCRETE RETAINING WALL
A gravity wall 50 meters long has the
following dimensions as shown in the figure,
list down the materials required using Class
A concrete. Assume 2 meters spacing for
each weep hole (3” diameter pipe at 6 m
length). Weep holes length per layer:
Top Layer = 0.40 m
Mid Layer = 0.50 m
Bottom Layer = 0.60 m

engr_rey 67
Figure:

engr_rey 68
Solution:
Find the volume of stem:
V = (0.15 m + 0.30 m) x 4.0 m x 50 m
V = 90 cu.m.
Find the volume of the footing:
V = 0.50 m x 1.50 m x 50 m
V = 37.5 cu.m.

Total Volume = 90 cu.m. + 37.5 cu.m.

Total Volume = 127.5 cu.m.

engr_rey 69
Solution:
Refer to table for concrete proportion:
Cement: 127.5 x 9.0 = 1147.5 bags, thus 1148
bags
Sand: 127.5 x 0.5 = 63.75 cu.m., thus 64 cu.m.
Gravel: 127.5 x 1.0 = 127.5 cu.m.
For weep hole pipe, divide length by 2 m.
Quantity of 3” dia. pipe =
Quantity of 3” dia. Pipe = 25 pieces for Top
Layer
= 25 pieces for Mid Layer
= 25 pieces for Bottom Layer
engr_rey 70
Solution:
Find the volume of Gravel Filter Filler, based on
the figure:
V = 0.30 m x 0.30 m x 50 m x 3 layers
V = 13.5 cu.m.

Find the volume of backfill materials, based on

the figure:
V = 0.6 m x 4.0 m x 50 m
V = 120 cu.m.
Add 20% for compaction = 120 cu.m. + 0.20 (120
cu.m.)
Total Volume of Backfill = 144 cu.m.
engr_rey 71
Solution:
Summary of Materials:
1148 bags of cement
64 cu.m. of sand
141 cu.m. of gravel
7 pieces of 3” diameter at 6.0 m PVC Pipe
144 cu.m. backfill materials

engr_rey 72