Lesson 1

Context
Learning
Competency Formulate evaluative
statements about a
1
text read
(EN11/12RWS-IVac-
9).
Objectives

● define context, and

● explain the significance of context in
reading.
Essential Question

How does context help in understanding a text

better?
 Warm Up!

1. Work with a partner for this activity. Study the picture

on the next slide for two minutes.
2. Brainstorm three possible scenarios for this picture.
3. Write a paragraph about how you came up with the
said scenarios.
4. Present your work to the class.
5. Answer the following questions:
● Did you understand the photo as it is?
● How did you come up with the reasons why this
happened?
Warm Up!
 Review

● What is context in communication?

● Why do you think providing context is
necessary when conversing with others?
 Learn about It!

Context

It is the circumstances that give an idea about an event,

statement, or written material so that it can be fully
understood. Such circumstances, which can be cultural,
historical, political, social, or economic events,
shape or influence a writer in writing his or her work.
 Learn about It!

Components of Context
1.Subject - This is the main topic of the author’s work. It
can be anything under the sun: culture, history, politics,
society, economy, religion, current events, etc.
2.Purpose - This is the author’s reason for writing. It can
be one of the following:
a. To narrate a story e. To explore and investigate
b. To compare and contrast ideas an issue
c. To review or evaluate a work f. To argue a point
d. To explain an idea or concept g. To persuade the audience
 Learn about It!

Components of Context
3.Audience - The tone, style, diction, organization, and
content of the author’s work depend on his or her target
audience or readers.
4.Occasion or situation - This may compel the writer to
write, especially if it is significant or relevant to him or
her personally. It can be his or her personal motivation
to choose what to write about and how to write it.
Learn about It!

Planning on Ride-Booking a Car?

Here are 3 Things You Should Know
 Learn about It!

Discuss the following questions after reading the

text.
1. What is the subject of the text?
2. What can be an alternative title to the text based on
the main idea gathered?
3. What was the author’s purpose? Justify your answer
with textual evidence.
4. What could have influenced the author to write the
text?
5. Are the ideas in the text relevant to and appropriate
 Analysis

Read the text below and answer the questions that

follow.

Technician Education Can Fuel Financial Success

 Analysis

1. Who is the possible audience for this text?

2. Who could benefit from the information presented in
this text? Justify your answer.
3. What could have possibly influenced the author to
construct this text?
4. Create an alternative title for the text.
5. Is the text appropriate for the Philippine context?
Justify your answer.
 Analysis

Criteria Score
Content
(The question is answered well. Clear explanations are
provided.) 2 pts.
Organization
(Logical progression of details/events; clear transitions
between ideas) 2 pts.
Language
(Use of proper spelling, mechanics, grammar, and word choice)
1 pt.
Score: /5
 Values Integration

How can knowing the context of political issues

in the country be helpful during debates?
 Synthesis

1. The class will be divided into four groups. You will be

assigned one of each of the following continents.
a. Asia
b. North America
c. South America
d. Europe
2. Within your group, form triads to work with.
3. Each triad should research a famous personality from
your assigned continent.
 Synthesis

4. As a triad, write a fan letter to the personality you

chose. Make sure that you highlight an important
event in that person’s life that you find influential.
5. Have one member of your group read the letter to the
class.
6. As a wrap-up activity, answer the following questions:
a. How did you adjust your writing to take into
account the context of the author?
b. Rate the difficulty of the activity.
 Assignment
1.Reread the essay used in the discussion,
“Planning on Ride-Booking a Car? Here are 3
Things You Should Know.”
2.Critique the piece using the following questions:
a.Does it fulfill its purpose?
b.What were the text’s strong points?
c. What were the points for improvement?
d.How would you approach writing the text,
considering its purpose?
3.Write your critique in your notebook.
Criteria Score

Content
(The questions are answered well. Opinions are clearly
explained.) 2 pts.

Organization
(Logical progression of details/events; clear transitions
between ideas) 2 pts.

Language
(Use of proper spelling, mechanics, grammar, and word
choice) 1 pt.
Score: /5
Lesson 2

Intertextuality
Learning Identify the context
Competency in which a text was
1 developed: intertext
(EN11/12RWS-IVac-7,
EN11/12RWS-IVac-
7.2).
Objective
● define intertextuality;
● identify kinds of intertextuality,
and
● create an output using
intertextuality.
Essential Question

How does intertextuality deepen your ideas

and perspectives of a text?
 Warm Up!

1. Fill in the first two columns of the KWL chart in your

study guide. You have 10 minutes to do this.
2. Share your second column reflections with the entire
class.
3. You will return to the
Whatthird
you column
want to after the discussion.
What you know What you learned
know
 Review

Why is context imperative in

understanding any text?
 Learn about It!

Intertextuality

It is the relationship formed between two texts.

For a reader to understand the meaning of a text, he or

she should be able to make sense of its connection
or relationship with the other texts.
 Learn about It!

Intertextuality
Questions to ask:
1. Why did the author reference another text in his or
her writing?
2. How is the text incorporated into the author’s
writing? How did the author reimagine it?
3. What effect does the text have on the author’s
writing?
 Learn about It!

The writer references either a brief or prolonged

portion of a literary text in his or her writing.

The references in The Lord of the Flies are loosely adapted from
Treasure Island. The setting and the storyline of the two stories
are similar. Both are adventures on stranded islands. However,
the difference between the two is that William Golding, the
author of The Lord of the Flies, creates a story about how
adventure for young boys can be dangerous, while Robert Louis
Stevenson’s Treasure Island romanticizes the notion that
adventure can be fun.
 Learn about It!

The writer references a media or social text in his

or her writing.
Shrek is a prominent example of how the screenwriter was able
to reference various kinds of media in the movie. The movie
constantly references fairy tales as depicted in films, such as
the Disney princesses. Because Shrek is considered part of the
fantasy genre, the scriptwriters were also able to incorporate
mini-stories from the different characters from the different
fairy tales. There is one scene wherein the princesses were
actually an integral part of the plot, and they were mentioned
by name.
 Analysis

Answer each question in a short paragraph. You will

be graded based on the rubrics provided.

1. What is the difference between context and intertext?

2. How can intertextuality be an integral part of reading
and understanding various texts?
3. Cite two examples wherein intertextuality can be
found in local works of literature.
 Analysis

Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished

(0–1 pt.) (2–3 pts.) (4–5 pts.)
Content/ Not enough Substantial Comprehensive
Substance information is information is information is
provided to answer provided to answer provided to answer
the prompt, and some the prompt, but a the prompt. All the
of the information detail or two are details are accurate.
provided is inaccurate.
inaccurate.
Organization The ideas are Some ideas are The ideas are
illogically presented. logically presented. clearly and logically
arranged and
 Analysis
Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished Score
(0–1 pt.) (2–3 pts.) (4–5 pts.)
Unity The ideas are not The ideas are The ideas are related
related to one somehow related and relevant to one
another. There are no to one another. another. Proper
transitional signals Some transitional transitional signals are
used. signals are used. used.
Language There are many errors There are a few The spelling,
(spelling, in the spelling, errors in spelling, mechanics, grammar,
mechanics, mechanics, grammar, mechanics, and word choice are
grammar, and and word choice that grammar, and accurate.
word choice) interfere with the word choice.
meaning of the
output.
Score: /20
 Values Integration

What were the intertexts that you encountered

in your parents’ stories or in the lessons you
learned when you were younger?
 Synthesis

1. Form four big groups. You will be assigned one of the

following regions.
a. Metro Manila
b. Luzon
c. Visayas
d. Mindanao
2. Work with three other members in your groups.
3. Conceptualize a three-minute skit to promote Philippine
tourism after doing research on your assigned region.
4. Make sure to incorporate a local myth of your region within
your skit.
Synthesis

5. Present your skit in front of the class.

6. As a wrap-up activity, answer the given questions.
a. How were you able to incorporate a myth
into your skit?
b. Do you think your group was successful in
integrating intertextuality in your skit?
 Synthesis
Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished Score
(0–1 pt.) (2–3 pts.) (4–5 pts.)
Content/Substance The presentation lacks The presentation somehow The presentation
specific, accurate, and includes related and consistently includes
meaningful meaningful specific, accurate, and
content/references. content/references. meaningful
content/references.
Voice Clarity The modulation, volume, The modulation, volume, The modulation,
and pronunciation are not and pronunciation are volume, and
clear and appropriate. somehow clear and pronunciation are clear,
appropriate. understandable, and
appropriate.
Creativity The presentation lacks or The presentation somehow The presentation
does not reflect the group’s reflects the group’s reflects the group’s
resourcefulness, artistry, resourcefulness and resourcefulness,
and cooperation. artistry. artistry, and
cooperation.
Score: /15
 Assignment

1.Review the discussion of intertextuality.

2.Finish the third column of the KWL chart from
the warm-up activity.
3.Reflect as well on how intertextuality can be an
integral part of critical reading.
4.Make sure to complete the chart using complete
sentences.
 Assignment

5.After accomplishing the KWL chart, write a

short paragraph about encountering
intertextuality while reading any kind of text.
6.Be sure to name the texts that you have
encountered and discuss briefly how the use of
intertext affected how you perceived the ideas
in the text.
Criteria Score

Content
(The KWL chart is completed. The short paragraph contains
sufficient information about the named texts and how the
use of intertext affected one’s perception of the ideas in the
text.) 2 pts.
Organization
(Logical progression of details/events; clear transitions
between ideas) 2 pts.

Language
(The spelling, mechanics, grammar, and usage are
accurate.) 1 pt.
Score: /5
Lesson 3

The Hypertext
Learning Identify the context
Competency in which a text was
1 developed: the
hypertext
(EN11/12RWS-IVac-
7.1).
Objective
● define hypertext, and
● analyze different
hypertexts.
Essential Question

How does hypertext pique the reader’s

interest?
 Warm Up!

1. This activity is a collaborative task. You all must

contribute one sentence to complete the story.
2. Try to be as creative as possible.
3. The last one to recite must end the story with “The
End.”
4. Reflect on this question:
How did the flow change from person to person? Be
Oncespecific.
there was a teenager named Jerome. He woke up to
the sound of footsteps from outside his bedroom door . . .
 Review

● What is intertextuality?
● What are some examples of
intertextuality?
● How do you think intertextuality is
different from hypertext?
 Learn about It!

The Hypertext
It is an arrangement of information in a computer
database, in which objects like text, pictures, and
programs are linked to one another.

In reading an online article, for instance, the user can click

on highlighted words or phrases (called hypertext
links) to go to new Web pages with related content.
 Learn about It!

The Hypertext
Reading has ceased to become linear: by simply clicking
on hypertext links, the reader is led to “an endless
series of imagined connections, from verbal
associations to possible worlds.” Simply put, hypertext is
● a nonlinear way of showing information in a
text, and
● a text that references, alludes to, or derives from
another text, which is called the hypotext.
 Learn about It!

Example (Nonlinear Way)

On any news website, a reader has access to different

headlines. If he or she would like to read about world
news, sports, or lifestyles, he or she will be redirected to
another page once they click a link. If they decide to go
back to the homepage to access another page, it is done
by clicking another article on the current page.
 Learn about It!

Example
(Hypotext)
A lot of movie adaptations can be considered as
hypertext. One prominent example is the 1995 movie
Clueless, which is a hypertext of Jane Austen’s Emma, the
hypotext. Its transformation is when the movie has
become a completely independent text from the novel, as
it does not directly refer to Emma at all, but both are
considered as classics in their respective genres of
teenage film and actual classic work.
 Analysis

Answer the following in one paragraph each. You will

be graded based on the rubrics provided.
1. What is the use of hypertexts?
2. Research on some offline software programs that use
hypertexts. Then, differentiate the steps in using it and
its features.
3. Observe your favorite website (except social media
websites) and list the different hypertexts and describe
where they leave. Evaluate whether the hypertexts are
useful for learning or not.
 Analysis
Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished
(0–1 pt.) (2–3 pts.) (4–5 pts.)

Content/ Not enough Substantial Comprehensive

Substance information is information is information is
provided to answer provided to answer provided to answer
the prompt, and some the prompt, but a the prompt. All the
of the information detail or two are details are
provided is inaccurate. inaccurate. accurate.
Organization The ideas are Some ideas are The ideas are
illogically presented. logically presented. clearly and
logically arranged
and presented.
 Analysis
Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished Score
(0–1 pt.) (2–3 pts.) (4–5 pts.)
Unity The ideas are not The ideas are The ideas are
related to one another. somehow related to related and
There are no one another. Some relevant to one
transitional signals transitional signals another. Proper
used. are used. transitional signals
are used.
Language There are many errors There are a few The spelling,
(Use of proper in the spelling, errors in spelling, mechanics,
spelling, mechanics, grammar, mechanics, grammar, and
mechanics, and word choice that grammar, and word word choice are
grammar, and interfere with the choice. accurate.
word choice) meaning of the output.
 Values Integration

What could be the downside of spending too

much time on any kind of website because
of the many hypertexts?
 Synthesis

1. Form four big groups. Each group will be assigned one of

the following topics:
a. news
b. videos
c. social media
d. forums
2. Pair up with a partner from your group.
3. Design an infographic with the following information:
a. function of the website
b. kinds of hypertexts found on the website
c. examples of hypertexts and websites
 Synthesis

4. Present your work as a pair to the class.

5. As a wrap-up activity, answer the following questions:
a. Do you think you were able to fully explain the
usefulness of hypertexts on websites?
b. Can you give other suggestions to improve the
infographic?
 Synthesis

Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished

(0–1 pt.) (2–3 pts.) (4–5 pts.)

Content/ The presentation The presentation The presentation

Substance lacks specific, somehow includes consistently
accurate, and related and includes specific,
meaningful meaningful accurate, and
content/references. content/references. meaningful
content/references.
Organization The details are Some details are The details are
illogically logically presented. clearly and logically
presented. arranged and
presented.
 Synthesis

Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished Score

(0–1 pt.) (2–3 pts.) (4–5 pts.)
Data visualizations The visualizations are The visualizations The visualizations are
not clear, relatable, are somehow clear, clear, relatable,
appropriate, and relatable, appropriate, and
creative. appropriate, and creative.
creative.
Language There are many There are a few The spelling,
(Use of proper errors in spelling, errors in spelling, mechanics, grammar,
spelling, mechanics, grammar, mechanics, and word choice are
mechanics, and word choice that grammar, and word accurate.
grammar, and interfere with the choice.
word choice) meaning of the
output.
Score: /20
 Assignment
1.Choose one website you frequently visit.
2.Take a screenshot of the home page and print it.
3.Reflect on the usefulness of the said website by
writing a short essay in your notebook, guided by
the following questions:
a.How do you know the website is useful? List the
hypertexts a visitor may click.
b.What is the purpose of the website, and do the
hypertexts hinder or complement the purpose?
c. Rate the usefulness of the website out of 5
stars. Justify your rating.
Criteria Score
Content
(Each question is answered well, and opinions are clearly
explained.) 2 pts.
Organization
(Logical progression of details/events; clear transitions between
ideas) 2 pts.
Language
(Use of proper spelling, mechanics, grammar, and word choice)
1 pt.
Score: /5
Lesson 4

Applications of Text
Development in
Critical Reading
Learning
Competency Formulate evaluative
1 statements about a
text read
(EN11/12RWS-IV-ac-9).
Objective
● identify the steps in critical reading, and
● analyze a text for comprehension for critical
reading.
Essential Question

How do context, intertext, and hypertext

help develop your critical thinking skills?
 Warm Up!

In five minutes, write the steps that you take when

you read a text closely and critically.

Afterward, share your work with your seatmate.

 Review

● What is context?
● What is intertext?
● What is hypertext?
 Learn about It!

Guidelines in Reading a Text

Critically
1. Analyze the context of the text.
2. Determine the thesis of the text.
3. Analyze the given evidence.
4. Examine whether the text references another text.
5. Examine the reasoning used in the text by looking
at the organization of its ideas.
6. Evaluate the text.
 Learn about It!

New Research Shows Big Opportunities for Busi

ness
 Learn about It!

Discuss the following questions after reading the

text.
1. Who is the intended audience, and what is the
purpose of the text?
2. Identify the thesis statement and justify why this is
the specific thought or main idea of the text.
3. Identify and explain the context and hypertext.
4. How does the writer convince the audience of his/her
logic?
5. Evaluate whether this text is helpful for the audience
 Analysis

Read the text below and answer the questions that

follow. You will be graded based on the rubrics
provided.

Making Cities Smarter with Connected Cars

 Analysis

1. Who is the intended audience for the article?

2. What is the thesis statement? Explain how the text
manifests the stand of the writer.
3. How does the author present evidence to support the
thesis statement?
4. Identify and describe the hypertexts used in the text.
5. Evaluate whether this text truly fits the audience and
purpose based on the evidence and structure.
 Analysis

Criteria Score

Content
(Each question is answered well, and opinions are clearly
explained.) 2 pts.

Organization
(Logical progression of details/events; clear transitions between
ideas) 2 pts.

Language
(The spelling, mechanics, grammar, and word choice are accurate.)
1 pt.
Score: /5
 Values Integration

Nowadays, articles bearing fake news are

widespread on social media. How can you use
critical reading to identify fake news and be
more informed?
 Synthesis

1. Pair up with a classmate.

2. Search for a local personality’s biography on any
website.
3. Critically read the entire biography.
4. Create a thesis statement about the text using the
following guide questions:
a. Is the writer biased in his or her biography of
the celebrity?
b. Justify the answer using textual evidence.
Synthesis

5. Present your researched biography and thesis

statement to the class.
6. Participate in a debate and challenge your
classmate’s views if they contrast with your own.
 Synthesis
Criteria Beginning Developing Accomplished Score
(0–1 pt.) (2–3 pts.) (4–5 pts.)
Content/Substance The presentation lacks The presentation somehow The presentation
specific, accurate, and includes related and consistently includes
meaningful meaningful specific, accurate, and
content/references. content/references. meaningful
content/references.

Voice Clarity The modulation, volume, The modulation, volume, The modulation, volume,
and pronunciation are and pronunciation are and pronunciation are
not clear and somehow clear and clear, understandable,
appropriate. appropriate. and appropriate.
Thesis statement The thesis statement The thesis statement The thesis statement
(It reflects the topic does not include the includes the main topic and clearly synthesizes the
assigned and the main topic, claim, and claim of the students. main topic, claims, and
claim of the supporting details supporting details
students.) (evidence). (evidence) of the
students.
Score: /15
 Assignment

1.Find one article from any newspaper.

2.Evaluate whether it was well-written using the
following guidelines:
a.Are the details of the article clear?
b.Does the article contain any biases?
c. What kind of evidence is presented in the
article?
3.Write your answers in your notebook.
Criteria Score
Content
(Each questions is answered well, and opinions are clearly
explained.) 2 pts.
Organization
(Logical progression of details/events; clear transitions
between ideas) 2 pts.
Language
(The spelling, mechanics, grammar, and word choice are
accurate.) 1 pt.
Score: /5