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Computer Networks - Part1 FULL REVISION

A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that share information and resources. Key components include nodes, servers, network interface cards, IP addresses, and communication channels. Different types of networks include Personal Area Networks (PAN), Local Area Networks (LAN), and Wide Area Networks (WAN), each with distinct characteristics and geographical coverage.

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12 views29 pages

Computer Networks - Part1 FULL REVISION

A computer network is a collection of interconnected devices that share information and resources. Key components include nodes, servers, network interface cards, IP addresses, and communication channels. Different types of networks include Personal Area Networks (PAN), Local Area Networks (LAN), and Wide Area Networks (WAN), each with distinct characteristics and geographical coverage.

Uploaded by

deajakamu
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is a computer

network?
• A Computer network is a collection of
interconnected autonomous
computing devices so as to exchange
information and resources.
Elementary Terminology of
Networks
1. Nodes/Workstations/host : The term node refers to computers that are attached to a
network and are seeking to share resources.
2. Server: A computer that facilitates the sharing of data, software and hardware
resources on the network.
3. Network Interface Card (NIC) (MAC Address): A network interface unit is an
interpreter that helps in establishing communication between the server and the client.
NIU (Network Interface unit) / TAP (Terminal Access Point)/ Ethernet Card e.g.,
00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E.
4. IP Address: Every machine on a TCP bar/IP Network has a unique identifying number
called an IP Address. Eg 192.168.184.248
5. Domain Name: It is a way to identify and locate the computers connected to the
internet. It must be unique. (DNS – Domain Name System)
Elementary Terminology of
Networks
6. Communication Channel
Wired Communication channels: Guided Media (Fibre-optic, coaxial, twisted
pair cables)
Wireless Communication channels: UnGuided Media (Radio waves, Satellite,
IR waves)
7. Protocol – Pre decided Set of rules using which all parties in network connect and
interact
a) Two devices are in network if
a) a process in one devide is able to exchange information with a process in another device
b) a process is running on both devices
c) processes running on different devices are of same type
d) none of the above

2. What is a stand alone computer?


b) A computer that is used by only one person
c) A computer that is used as server
d) A computer that does not have any peripherals attached
e) A computer that is not connected to network

3. Expand
HTTP
HTML
IP
MAC
NIC
DNS
ARPANET
NSF
TCP
In a network a machine is identified by unique address called
---------------------

The physical address assigned by NIC manufacturer is called


-----------------
Types of Network
Personal Area Network (PAN)

Interconnection of
information
technology devices
within range of
10metres.
Local Area Network (LAN)

LANs are said to have


geographical spread
of upto 1 KM.

Small computer
networks that are
confined to a
localised are like
office, building
Wide Area Network (WAN)

Networks spread across


countries or on a very big
geographical area are
WAN.

Group of LANs spread


across different locations

Internet is the Giant


WAN
Client/Server or Master/Slave or Peer-to-peer or Non-Dedicated
Dedicated

Which is secure ? Where are the backups? Who manages the


network?
Which gives better performance?
Internet Functionality

What is a Gateway? What is a backbone? What is TCP?


What is IP?
Switching Techniques

Characteristics
1. Physical connection
between the two
computers
2. Set up End-to-end
connection before
data transfer
Switching Techniques

Characteristics
1. Stores the message
first and then finds a
free path to the
destination to
forward
2. Sender and receiver
are not directly
connected.
3. Messages are stored
in disk
Packet Switching •Characteristics
• Message is divided into packets.
Technique • Fixed size packets are transferred.
• Packets are stored in main memory
a) Difference between circuit and packet switching?
b) Network having span of city is called
c) --------- is a network device that can connect dissimilar netwrok
d) A MAC address consists of ---------- bits or -------- bytes
e) Network with dedicated server is called ---------
f) A computer, part of a computer network is called ---------
g) ------ is a small network created by linking many personal devices
h) Wired network communication media is also called ---------
i) Central computer which is powerful than other computers in the network are
called -----
j) ---------- is internal to computer and is required to connec the computer to a
network?
A) Wireless Access Point b) NIC c) Switch d) Hub
11.Which of the following best explains what happens when a new device is
connected to the Internet?
• A device driver is assigned to the device
• An Internet Protocol (IP) address is assigned to the device.
• A packet number is assigned to the device
• A Web site is assigned to the device.
bits per second Bps – Bytes per
second

Kilo bits per second 1 Kbps = 1000 Bps


Mega bits per second 1 Mbps = 1000 Kbps
Giga bits per second 1 Gpbs = 1000 Mbps
Terms in Data transfer rate vs Data Storage
capacity
Data Transfer Rate
Amount of data transferred per second. Measured in bps.

Think ??

Kbps and KBps are same ??

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