• Kenny thinks that he is real cool.

Kenny thinks that he is really

cool.
AdVeRbS
• Adverbs are words that modify
an another
a verb
adjective adverb

• Adverbs can be single words, phrases or

clauses. Many adverbs end in –ly, but not all
words ending in –ly are adverbs.
 When you use an adverb, you modify or qualify
the meaning of a verb, an adjective, or another
verb.
H
o • Modify verb
w?
• Ex: My best friend drives carefully.
• Modify adjective

• Ex: My best friend is a really good driver.

• Modify adverb
• Ex: My best friend drives very carefully.
 Kinds of adverbs according
to meaning include:
Adverb of Adverb of Adverb of
Time Place Manner

Adverb of Adverb of Adverb of

Degree Frequency Affirmation or Negation
 Adverb of Time
tells us when something
happened or when someone
did something. It may also tell
us the duration of the action.
Examples:
yesterday now next year
already
a few months ago soon last week
today
Examples:
• I'm going to clean my
room tomorrow.
• Joseph attended the seminar
yesterday. H ow
• Maribeth stayed in the library
lon g?
all day.
 Adverb of Place
tells us where something
is done or happens. These
mainly modify verbs.

Upstairs here there

everywhere backwards away
Abroad downhill overseas
Examples:
• John looked around but he couldn't
see the monkey.
• I searched everywhere I could think
of.
• I'm going back to school.
• They built a house nearby.
• She took the child outside.
 Adverb of Manner
tells us how something is done or
happens. These commonly end in -
ly. They are usually placed either
after the main verb or after the
object.
Beautifully abruptly softly
Greedily happily quickly
Patiently well angrily
Examples:
• She spoke softly.
• James coughed loudly to attract her
attention.
• He plays the flute beautifully. (after
the direct object)
• He ate the chocolate cake greedily.
(after the direct object)
 Adverb of Degree
tells us about the intensity or extent of
something. Adverbs of degree are usually placed
before the adjective, adverb, or verb that they
modify, although there are some exceptions.
Almost enough too quite
Extremely fairly somewhat so
Greatly very just barely
Examples:
• He speaks too quickly for me to
understand.
• It is very hot outside.
• The movie was fairly
interesting.
• The water was extremely cold.
 Adverb of Frequency
tells us how many times or how often
something happens.

Always frequently seldom

Hardly often sometimes
Occasionally usually yearly
Examples:
• I occasionally buy things online.
• I always go to school early.
• I am not usually late for work.
• My mother calls us daily to make
sure we are fine.
 Adverb of Affirmation or
Negation
tells whether something is true or
some equivalent expression or
Examples: negative statement, judgment, or
doctrine.
Surely yes certainly
Definitely
Indeed no never not
Examples:
• We will certainly help you.
• Have you finished the work?
No, I haven’t finished the work.
• I have never met him before.
Exercise: With your partner, choose the adverb that best fits the
sentence.
1. The bus stopped the bus __________.
2. My grandmother smiles ___________.
3. It’s time to go __________.
4. After the party, confetti was strewn ________.
5. I’m going to my new school __________.
Now Tomorrow Abruptly
Everywhere Cheerfully
inflection and syntax
• Commonly adverbs are formed by adding –ly to
adjectives. Some examples are:
Adjectives Adverbs
Kind Kindly
Happy Happily
Beautiful beautifully
Loud Loudly
Sad Sadly
Beautiful Beautifully
Sweet Sweetly
Note:
• Some words that end in ly are not
adverbs. Some adjectives end in ly
too. For Example:
1. Sam was feeling very lonely.
2. She was wearing a lovely dress.
3. It was a very lively party.
Differentiating adverbs and adjectives
Adverb Well Badly Really Surely

Adjectiv Good Bad Real Sure

e
• Examples:
• Her test results were good.
(adjective linked to results)
• She did well on her test.
(adverb modifying verb did)
C
O
M
P
• Regular adverbs
A Fast Faster Fastest
R
Early Earlier Earliest
I
S Rapidly More rapidly Most rapidly
O
N Easily More easily Most easily

O
f
• Irregular adverbs
Badly Worse Worst
A
d Far Farther Farthest
v
e Well Better Best
r
b
s
P
l
a Adverbs modifying verbs can usually be moved around in a
c sentence w/out changing the meaning.
e • Before verb
m
e Ex: The car immediately stopped.
n • After verb
t Ex: The car stopped immediately.
o
f Adverbs that modify adjectives or other adverbs belong right in
the front of the words they modify.
A
d • Before adjective
v Ex: That’s an extremely dangerous corner for bicycle riders.
e • Before adverb
r
b Ex: The car turned the corner really quickly.
s
Exercise
Item 1
Farzana did poor onon
poorly her algebra
her algebraquiz.
quiz.She
She
A
couldn’t concentrate well because her tablemate
B
was chomping noisily
noisily on
on aa piece
piece of
of gum.
gum.
C

A. poorly
B. good
C. noisy
D. No change is necessary.
Item 2

Lawrence cheated on the chemistry test, but he is still

very happy with his A.

A. real
B. so
C. well
D. No change
change is
is necessary.
necessary.
Item 3
The excruciating long
excruciatingly
The excruciating long
long
school
school
school day
day
day put
put
put Wanda
Wanda
Wanda inin
in
A
aa bad
bad mood.
mood. She
She was
was very
very tired
tired and
and just
just
B C
wanted
wanted toto go
go home
home toto relax.
relax.

A.
A. excruciatingly
excruciatingly
excruciatingly
B.
B. worser
worser
C.
C. real
real
D.
D. No
No change
change is
is necessary.
necessary.
Item 4
The horrifying news
news that
that Professor
Professor Anderson
Anderson
A
was assigning another 10-page paper made his

students complain bitterly

bitter about
about
hishis
very
very
very
hard
hard
hard
B C
requirements.

A. horrifyingly
B. bitterly
C. real demanding
D. No change is necessary.
Item 5

The duck quacked loud,

loud, hoping
hoping that
that we
we would
would throw
throw itit
some of our French fries.

A. loudest
B. real loud
C. loudly
loudly
D. No change is necessary.
Item 6

Mr. Hodges says to quit gossiping about Veronica and

finish typing his report real quick.
quick.

A. very quick
B. real quickly
C. right now
D. No change is necessary.
Item 7
We roasted in the very hot sun, sweat pouring
A
profusely
profuse offoff
ourour
skin.
skin.
Thoughts
Thoughtsofof
iced
iced
tea
tea
and
and
BB
lemonade plagued us mercilessly.
mercilessly.
C

A. real hot
B. profusely
C. merciless
D. No change is necessary.
Item 8
We moved into the new apartment easily.
real easy.
easy.
AA
Rebecca shamelessly flirted
flirted with
with some
some strong
strong
B
neighbors who were happy to help with the
C
heavy boxes.

A. easily
B. shameless
C. happily
D. No change is necessary.