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Development of Non-Structural Construction Materials Using Semi-Active Clay

The research investigates the feasibility of using semi-active clay as a pozzolanic material in non-structural construction applications, focusing on its reactivity and performance compared to traditional pozzolans. The objectives are formulated based on achievability, relevance, and measurability, highlighting environmental, economic, and performance benefits. This study aims to contribute to sustainable construction practices by reducing carbon footprint and enhancing material durability.

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27 views12 pages

Development of Non-Structural Construction Materials Using Semi-Active Clay

The research investigates the feasibility of using semi-active clay as a pozzolanic material in non-structural construction applications, focusing on its reactivity and performance compared to traditional pozzolans. The objectives are formulated based on achievability, relevance, and measurability, highlighting environmental, economic, and performance benefits. This study aims to contribute to sustainable construction practices by reducing carbon footprint and enhancing material durability.

Uploaded by

camerondallas02872
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Development of Non-

structural
Construction
Materials Using
Semi-active Clay as
Pozzolanic Material

Mini Project (22CER-349)


G-3
Considerations for Objective
Formulation
• The objectives are formulated using the ARM approach
• Achievability: Setting a realistic objectives within the scope of
the research
• Relevance: Alignment with overall objectives of sustainable
construction materials
• Measurability: Ensuring the quantifiability & time-frame of
achieving the objectives.
Objective of the Research
• The primary objective of our research is to investigate the
feasibility of utilizing semi-active clay as pozzolanic material in
non-structural construction applications.
• Furthermore, it involves the assessment of pozzolanic reactivity
of calcined semi-active clay through analysis followed by
comparison & contrast of its performance with traditional
pozzolans & durability of the non-structural elements.
Components of the Objective
• It can be broken down into three major components
Non-
structural Semi-active
construction Clay
materials

Pozzolanic
Material
Understanding the components
• Non-structural construction materials refers to the
construction materials used in non-structural components
of a building, i.e., the components which don’t contribute
to primary load-bearing structure of the building.
• Semi-active clay is a type of clay which is processed via
heating for enhanced reactivity & acts as supplementary
cementitious material (SCM) in cement production;
Understanding the components
contd.
• Pozzolanic materials are a siliceous & aluminous material
which reacts with calcium hydroxide to form cement.
• 3Ca(OH)2 + 2SiO2  3 CaO. 2SiO2. 3H2O (C-S-H)
• 3Ca(OH)2 + Al2O3 + 3H2O  3CaO. Al2O3. 6H2O

• The reaction leads to formation of C-S-H & C-A-H bonds


which provide benefits such as increased durability &
chemical resistance in the cement.
Why this objective?
• Choosing this research objective provides number of benefits &
potential applications.
• Environmental Benefits
• Reduced carbon footprint as replacing cement clinker with semi-
active clay will cut down CO2 emissions significantly.
• Resource Conservation as clay is more abundant, hence using it
reduces the depletion of limestone for clinker production.
• Waste Reduction by repurposing clays from industrial wastes.
Why this objective contd.
• Economic Benefits
• Cost reduction as clay is less expensive than clinker
• Local Industry Development by reducing reliance on imported materials
& strengthened supply chain.
• Circular Economy by promoting sustainable practices.

• Performance Benefits
• Improved durability with chemical resistance & denser concrete
• Enhanced Workability by tailoring the properties to specific applications
Research Significance of the
Objective
• Innovation in sustainable construction addressing
the growing demand for eco-friendly building materials.
• Advancement in materials science by deeper
understanding of pozzolanic reactions & their influences
on construction.
• Practical applications leading to improved
construction materials for non-structural application
References
• Atasever, M., Erdoğan, S.T. Effects of clay type and component fineness on the hydration and properties of
limestone calcined clay cement. Mater Struct 57, 183 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-024-02461-4
• Gowri, K., A, A.R. Studies on hybrid quaternary blended limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) for sustainable
concrete. Innov. Infrastruct. Solut. 9, 430 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-024-01742-9
• Atasever, M., Erdoğan, S.T. Characterization of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement Made with Calcium
Sulfoaluminate Clinker. Int J Civ Eng 22, 2407–2419 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-024-01009-5
• Fahim, N.S., Billah, A.K.M.M., Dash, R. et al. Green ferrocement: integrating pozzolanic waste for sustainable
and cost–effective construction. Discov Civ Eng 2, 29 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s44290-025-00188-x
• Mohammed, Drissi & Horma, Othmane & Mezrhab, Ahmed & Mustapha, Karkri. (2024). Exploring Raw Red Clay
as a Supplementary Cementitious Material: Composition, Thermo-Mechanical Performance, Cost, and
Environmental Impact. Buildings. 14. 3906. 10.3390/buildings14123906.
References contd.
• Jamora, Janice & Gudia, Sarah Emily & Juanir, Roxanne & Gunarto, Chintya & Giduquio, Marnie & Go, Alchris. (2024). Influence
of class-F coal fly ash on workability, strength, and predictability of water requirement in paste and mortar formulations with
reduced cement – a case in the Philippines. Journal of Sustainable Cement-Based Materials. 13. 1-17.
10.1080/21650373.2024.2412202.
• Baki, V.A., Ke, X., Heath, A. et al. Improving the pozzolanic reactivity of clay, marl and obsidian through mechanochemical or
thermal activation. Mater Struct 57, 9 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-023-02280-z
• Ilda Tole, Francesco Delogu, Elsa Qoku, Karin Habermehl-Cwirzen, Andrzej Cwirzen,Enhancement of the pozzolanic activity of
natural clays by mechanochemical activation, Construction and Building Materials, Volume 352, 2022, 128739, ISSN 0950-
0618, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128739.
• Ilda Tole, Francesco Delogu, Elsa Qoku, Karin Habermehl-Cwirzen, Andrzej Cwirzen,Enhancement of the pozzolanic activity of
natural clays by mechanochemical activation, Construction and Building Materials, Volume 352, 2022, 128739, ISSN 0950-
0618, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128739
• Asensio, Eloy & Medina Martínez, César & Frías, Moisés & Rojas, M.. (2020). Fired clay-based construction and demolition
waste as pozzolanic addition in cements. Design of new eco-efficient cements. Journal of Cleaner Production. 265. 121610.
10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121610.
References contd.
• Govalkar, U. B., & Rao, R. (2024). Structural And Non-Structural Components (1st ed., pp. 64-75). Noble Science
Press. https://doi.org/10.52458/9788196897444.nsp2024.eb.ch-04
• S. Shaedon, Azrina Abd Aziz & R. Embong (2024). A Short Review on the Utilization of Pozzolan Material in
Concrete https://doi.org/10.15282/construction.v4i2.9884
• Ravikumar, B.S., Chandra, H.S.S. & Surendra, H.J. Waste-paper sludge ash as a pozzolanic material: Enhancing
concrete performance and sustainability. J Build Rehabil 10, 3 (2025).
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41024-024-00518-z
• Maciej Zajac, Jiayi Song, Patrick Ullrich, Jan Skocek, Mohsen Ben Haha, Jørgen Skibsted,High early pozzolanic
reactivity of alumina-silica gel: A study of the hydration of composite cements with carbonated recycled
concrete paste, Cement and Concrete Research,Volume 175,2024,107345,ISSN 0008-8846,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2023.107345
• Effect of Natural Pozzolana on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Concrete, Tsion Amsalu Fode, Yusufu Abeid
Chande Jande, Thomas Kivevele First published: 13 February 2024, https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3356641

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