PROBABILITY

BY MSR SIR
Random Experiment :- An experiment in which all possible outcomes are
known and the exact out put cannot be predicted in advance, is called a
random experiment.
Ex: i) Tossing a fair coin ii) Rolling an unbiased dice
Event:-The possible outcomes of a trail are called events.
Sample Space :- The set of all possible out comes of an experiment is called a
sample space. We generally denote it by 's’.
Ex:i) If two coins are tossed then S={HH,HT,TH,TT}
ii) Rolling a dice S={1,2,3,4,5,6}
Note :- Any subset of a sample space is called an event.
Probability: The probability is the chance of occurring of a certain event when
expressed quantitatively. (ie) probability is a quantitative measure of the
certainty. (ie) probability of an event E; denoted as
(ie) probability is a quantitative measure of the certainty.
(ie) probability of an event E; denoted as
Three fair coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of
1) 5 coins are tossed simultaneously .Find the probability of getting
(i) exactly 3 heads
(ii) atleast 3 heads
(iii)atmost 3 heads
If two dice are rolled at a time

Sum on the two faces No.of ways

2 or 12 1
3 or 11 2
4 or 10 3
5 or 9 4
6 or 8 5
7 6
Two dice are rolled simultaneously. Find the probability of
1.Getting a doublet.
a)1/12 b)0 c)5/8 d)1/6
2.Getting a doublet of even numbers.
a)5/8 b)1/12 c)3/4 d)1/4
3.Getting a multiple of 2 on one die and a multiple of 3 on another die
a)15/36 b)25/36 c)11/36 d)5/6
4. Getting the sum of numbers on the two faces divisible by 3 or 4
a)4/9 b)1/7 c) 5/9 d)7/12
5)Two dice are thrown .Find the probability of getting a multiple of 3 or 5 as the sum.
a)19/36 b)1/2 c)17/36 d)5/36
6)In a single throw with two dice ,find the probability that their sum is a prime
number.
a)3/5 b)5/12 c)1/2 d)3/4
7)An unbiased die is tossed twice .Find the probability of getting a 1, 2, 3 or 4
on the first toss and 4 , 5 or 6 on the second toss.
1) 2) 3) 4)
If three dice are rolled at a time ,No .of ways of getting a total of r is ?
(i) if 3≤ r ≤ 8
(ii) if 13r ≤18
(iii)25 if r= 9 or 12
(iv)27 if r= 10 or 11
1)Three dice are rolled. What is the probability of getting sum of the numbers as 10?
a)27/216 b)25/216 c)10/216 d)1/11
2)Three dice are rolled. What is the probability of getting of sum as 13?
a)19/216 b)21/216 c)17/216 d)23/216
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4
One card is drawn from a pack of 52 cards, each of the 52 cards being equally
likely to be drawn. Find the probability that
1.The card drawn is either king or a queen
a)5/26 b)1/13 c)2/13 d)12/13
2.The card drawn is either a heart , a queen or a king
a)17/52 b)21/52 c)19/52 d)9/26
3)The card drawn is neither a spade nor a king
a)0 b)9/13 c)1/2 d)4/13
4)The card drawn is neither an ace nor a king
a)11/13 b)1/2 c)2/13 d)11/26
5.From a well shuffled pack of 52 cards, three cards are drawn at random. Find the
probability of drawing an ace, a king and a jack.
1.16 / 5525 2.16 /625 3.16 / 3125 4.None
6. Four cards are drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting
all the four cards of same number ?
1.17 / 1665 2.1 / 20825 3.7 / 25850 4.None
7.From a well shuffled pack of 52 cards , four cards are accidently dropped .
Find the probability that one card is missing from each suit ?
1)17/20825 2)2197/20825 3)197/1665 4)none
of these
8.Four cards are drawn at random from a pack of 52 cards . Find the
probability of getting all four cards of different numbers .
1)141/4165 2)117/833 3)264/4165 4)none
of these
12.A box has 13 white chips , 7 blue chips and 6 green chips. What is the
probability that , if 2 chips are drawn from the box in succession , one is blue
and other is white ?
a)8/30 b)7/25 c)7/50 d)20/16
9.A bag contains 8 white and 3 blue balls. Another bag contains 7 white and 4 blue
balls .what is the probability of getting a blue ball?
a)3/87 b)7/22 c)7/25 d)7/15

10.There are 2 bags . One bag contains 5 white and 10 red balls. The other contains 10 white
and 7 red balls. What is the probability of taking a red ball from one of the bags ?
a)55/102 b)17/21 c)15/17 d)7/8
11. a bag contains 110 tickets numbered 1,2,3,…..,110 . If a ticket is drawn out of it at
random, what is the probability that the ticket drawn has the digit 2 appearing on it ?
a)22/110 b)20/110 c)21/110 d)31/110
12 .Three cars A,B and C are participating in race .A is twice as likely as B is thrice as likely as C
to win .What is the probability that B will win , if only one of them can win the race ?
1) 2) 3) 4)
14.A couple has two children . Find the probability that both are boys , if it is
known that one of the children is a boy .
1) 2) 3) 4)
15.Two numbers are selected at random from the integers 1 through 9. If the
sum is even , find the probability that both numbers are odd.
1) 2) 3) 4)none of these
16.Ashmit can solve 80% of the problem given in a book and Amisha can solve 70%. What
is probability that at least one of them will solve a problem , selected at random from the
book
1)0.60 2)0.06 3)0.94 4)0.56
17.A speaks truth in 60% and B in 80% of the cases . In what percentages of cases are they
likely to contradict each other narrating the same incident ?
1)44% 2)36% 3)64% 4)48%
18.The probability that A hits a target is 1/3 and the probability that B hits B hits it , is 2/5 .
What is the probability that the target will be hit , if each one of A and B shoots the
target ?
1)5/6 2)3/5 3)11/15 4)1/6
19.A natural number is chosen at random from amongst the first 300 . What is
the probability that the number , so chosen is divisible by 3 or 5 ?
1) 2) 3) 4)none of these
20.The digits 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 are written in random order to form a nine digit number .
Find the probability that this number is divisible by 4 :
1)4/9 2)2/9 3)17/81 4)none of these

21.Seven digits from the numbers 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 and 9 are written in random order . The
probability that this seven digit number is divisible by 9 is :
1)7/9 2)1/9 3)2/9 4)4/9

22.Two integers x and y are chosen with replacement out of these set {0,1,2,3,….10}.Then
the
probability that > 5 is :
1)7/11 2)40/121 3)35/121 4)30/121
23.Two numbers a and b are chosen at random from the set of first 30 natural numbers .The
probability that - is divisible by 3 is :
1)37/87 2)47/87 3)17/29 4)none of these
24.Two squares are chosen at random on a chessboard , the probability that they have a side in
common is:
1)3/32 2)1/32 3)1/18 4)none of these
25.Three squares of a chessboard are chosen at random , the probability that two are of one
colour and one of other is:
1)67/992 2)16/21 3)31/32 4)none of these
26
26.The probability that a leap year selected at random contains either 53 Sundays or 53
Mondays is:
1)17/53 2)1/53 3)3/7 4)none of these
27.Three of the six vertices of a regular hexagon are chosen at random . The probability
that the triangle with these three vertices is equilateral equals :
1)1/6 2)1/3 3)1/10 4)none of these
28.A letter is taken out at random from “ASSISTANT” and another is taken out from
‘STATISTICS’
. The probability that they are the same letters is :
1)35/96 2)19/90 3)19/96 4)none of these