JAVA LEARNING A Comprehensive
PATH
Overview of Key Java
Topics
JAVA SYNTAX & BASICS
• Variables: Data stored in memory with types like int, char, etc.
• Data Types: Primitive (int, float, boolean) and Non-primitive (String,
arrays).
• Control Structures: 'if-else', 'switch' for decision making.
• Loops: 'for', 'while', and 'do-while' for iteration.
• Arrays: Collection of fixed-size elements of the same type.
OBJECT- • Class: A blueprint for creating objects.
ORIENTE • Object: Instance of a class containing
attributes and behaviors.
D • Encapsulation: Wrapping data and
PROGRA code in a single unit, restricting access.
• Inheritance: Mechanism for a class to
MMING inherit properties from another class.
(OOP) • Polymorphism: Ability to process
objects differently depending on their
data type or class.
CONSTRUCTORS
• Called
• Special
automatical
method to
ly when an
initialize an
object is
object.
created.
•
Parameteri
• Default zed
Constructor Constructor
: No : Takes
arguments. arguments
to initialize
fields.
COLLECTIONS FRAMEWORK
• List: An ordered collection (ArrayList, LinkedList).
• Set: A collection with no duplicate elements (HashSet, TreeSet).
• Map: A collection of key-value pairs (HashMap, TreeMap).
• Queue: A collection used for holding elements prior to processing
(LinkedList).
• Try-Catch: Used to handle
runtime errors.
EXCEPTIO • Finally: Block executed after
try-catch whether an exception
N is thrown or not.
HANDLIN • Throw and Throws: Used to
G explicitly throw exceptions.
• Custom Exceptions: Creating
user-defined exceptions.
FILE HANDLING
• FileReader and FileWriter: Reading and writing files.
• BufferedReader: Efficient reading of characters, arrays, or lines.
• Serialization: Converting an object into a byte stream for saving
to a file.
MULTITHREADING
• Thread: A small unit of process.
• Runnable Interface: Implemented to create a thread by passing it
to a Thread object.
• Synchronization: Controlling access to shared resources.
• Executor Service: Manages thread pools efficiently.
Java I/O and NIO
• • Java I/O: Traditional Input/Output handling through
streams.
• • NIO (New I/O): Provides non-blocking I/O operations,
useful for scalable apps.
• • Channels and Buffers: NIO uses these for efficient data
handling.
JAVA MEMORY MANAGEMENT
• Heap Memory: Stores objects and is managed by the Garbage
Collector.
• Stack Memory: Stores method calls and local variables.
• Garbage Collection: Automatic memory management that
deallocates objects no longer in use.
• • Lambda Expressions: Anonymous
functions providing cleaner code.
• • Functional Interfaces: Interfaces with
exactly one abstract method (e.g.,
JAVA 8+ Runnable).
FEATURES • • Streams API: Functional-style operations
on collections (filter, map, reduce).
• • Optional Class: Handles null references
safely.
ENUMS AND INTERFACES
• ENUMS: SPECIAL DATA TYPE • INTERFACES: DEFINES A • INTERFACE VS ABSTRACT
THAT REPRESENTS A GROUP OF CONTRACT FOR WHAT A CLASS CLASS: INTERFACES CANNOT
CONSTANTS (E.G., DAYS OF THE CAN DO WITHOUT IMPLEMENTING HAVE STATE, BUT ABSTRACT
WEEK). BEHAVIOR. CLASSES CAN.
• JavaFX: GUI toolkit for building rich
desktop applications.
JAVAFX • Supports advanced UI components like
charts, tables, and multimedia.
• Scene Graph: Core concept where nodes
are organized in a hierarchical structure.
• JAVA IS AN • CORE TOPICS:
OBJECT-ORIENTED, OOP,
SUMMAR VERSATILE
LANGUAGE.
MULTITHREADING,
EXCEPTION
HANDLING, AND
Y
FILE I/O.
• JAVAFX AND JAVA
8+ FEATURES
OFFER POWERFUL
TOOLS FOR
MODERN
DEVELOPMENT.
