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The document provides an overview of functions in programming, including their definition, syntax, and methods for passing arguments (by value and by reference). It also covers default arguments, keyword arguments, and arbitrary argument lists, alongside examples of lambda functions and basic object-oriented programming concepts. Additionally, it briefly touches on the differences between object-oriented and functional programming.

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ahsanramzan70
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views

python

The document provides an overview of functions in programming, including their definition, syntax, and methods for passing arguments (by value and by reference). It also covers default arguments, keyword arguments, and arbitrary argument lists, alongside examples of lambda functions and basic object-oriented programming concepts. Additionally, it briefly touches on the differences between object-oriented and functional programming.

Uploaded by

ahsanramzan70
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2
FUNCTIO 3

NS
A function is a block of organized, reusable code that is
used to perform a single, related action

 better modularity

 High degree of code reusing.


Function 4
Syntax Input Parameter is placed within the
parenthesis() and also define
parameter inside the parenthesis.
The keyword
def
introduces a
function The code block
definition. within every
function starts
with a colon(:) .

Return statement exits a


function block. And we can also
use return with no argument.
5
Simple program to return the “ Hello
World “

def sabir(string) :
print (string)
return
Sabir(4)
Print(Sabir(3))
PASSING ARGUMENTS TO 6
 In FUNCTIONS
programming, there are two ways in which arguments can be passed to functions :-

 Pass by Value:

 Function creates a copy of the variable(Object in Python) passed to it as an


argument.

 The actual object is not affected.

 Object is of immutable type,because immutable objects cannot be modified.

 Pass by Reference:

 The actual object is passed to the called function.

 All the changes made to the object inside the function affect its original value.

 Object is mutable type, as mutable objects can be changed, the passed objects
EXAMPLES OF PASSING IMMUTABLE
7
ARGUMENTS

OUTPUT: New memory address of ‘a’


inside the function.

Actual variable ‘a’ is not


changed.
EXAMPLES OF PASSING MUTABLE
8
ARGUMENTS

Value of my_list is
changed after
function call.

Address is same
9

FUNCTION ARGUMENTS
DEFAULT ARGUMENT 10
VALUES
 The default value is evaluated only once.
 EXAMPLE:
KEYWORD 11
ARGUMENTS
 Keyword arguments are related to the function calls.

Example:

 Caller identifies the keyword


argument by the parameter name.
 Calling of the argument Order
doesn’t matter .

Output:
KEYWORD 12
 Example 1:
ARGUMENTS

 Possbile Error:
ARBITRARY ARGUMENT 13
LISTS
 Variable-Length Arguments
 The syntax of such arguments?
 This tuple remains empty if no additional arguments are specified during
the function call.

 Syntax :
def sabir( marks, *values) : This is called
print(marks) arbitrary argument
print(marks , values) and asterisk sign
is placed before
the variable name.
Sabir(23)
Sabir(23,20,2,3,4,5)
DOCUMENTATION 14

STRINGS
‘’’ Hello my name is Muhammad sabir and I am teaching the
python to the bscs-2017-2021n “””

‘.
15

Lambda Functions
# Program to show the use of 16

lambda functions

Filter ()
my_list = [1, 5, 4, 6, 8, 11, 3, 12]
new_list = list(filter(lambda x: (x%2 == 0) , my_list))
print(new_list)
# Output: [4, 6, 8, 12]
17

Map ()

my_list = [1, 5, 4, 6, 8, 11, 3, 12]


new_list = list(map(lambda x: x * 2 , my_list))
print(new_list)
# Output: [2, 10, 8, 12, 16, 22, 6, 24]
18
Files In Python
R
A
T
W
X
B
+
19

OOP
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 #definig the class

 class Sabir: 29
 def __init__(self, Name, RollNumber,Session,Subject):
 self.Name=Name
 self.RollNumber=RollNumber
 self.Session=Session
 self.Subject=Subject
 Name='Sabir'
 RollNumber='BSCS_17_04'
 Session= '2017_2021'
 Subject='Python_programming'

 s1= Sabir(Name,RollNumber,Session,Subject)
 s2= Sabir(Name,RollNumber,Session,Subject)

 print(s1.Name)
 print(s1.RollNumber)
 print(s1.Session)
30

OOP Vs Functional
Programming
31

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