CHAPTER 3:

RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
PREPARED BY: JESA MARIKIT SILVA
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A research methodology can be defined as
the approach that will be used to conduct
the study, and these may be through
quantitative or qualitative.
RESEARCH DESIGN
Is a plan that will be implemented in order
to answer the research questions.
 CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This section presents the design, environment,
respondents, instruments and data-gathering procedure,
scoring procedure and statistical treatment.
RESEARCH DESIGN
ENVIRONMENT
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
INSTRUMENTS OF THE STUDY
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE
DATA ANALYSIS
 RESEARCH DESIGN-GUIDE
QUESTIONS
1.What research design will you
use?
2.What is the design all about?
(meaning)-you may put citation
3.Why is the design used
appropriate
NOTE:
for your study?
Answer the questions above in 1- 2
paragraphs only.
RESEARCH DESIGN- example
This study used the descriptive survey method. According to
Creswell (1994), the descriptive method of research is to
gather information about the present existing condition. A
survey on the radio soap opera listeners’ age, gender, civil
status, educational background, occupation, and religion was
done with the view of obtaining their profile on attitudes and
values diversity. The study also surveyed the type of radio
dramas listened to base from radio stations since these
variables were conditioned by the radio soap opera listeners’
demographic profile. Moreover, the study gathered data on
listeners’ core values framework, this being assumed to be
dependent on the cultural diversity of the respondents
 ENVIRONMENT
Explain/ describe the
environment of your
study
 ENVIRONMENT-EXAMPLE

The study was conducted at Talamban

National High School. The school is located at
Borbajo Street Talamban Cebu City. The school
was divided into 3 (three) department: The Junior
High School- Day Department, Junior High
School- Afternoon Department, and Senior High
School Department. The school is under the
North District 8 with only 1 (one) principal and 3
(three) assisting principal
 RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY
1. Ho w will you describe the population and the
parameter of your study?
2. What will be the size of your sample? How will
you arrive at this sample size?
3. What sampling method will you use? Why do
you prefer this method?
4. How will you do the sampling? List down the
steps.
RESPONDENTS OF THE STUDY- example
The respondents of the study were the 100 Grade 12 students
of Talamban National high School for School Year 2023-1024.
the respondents were selected randomly from each strand by
systematic random sampling. Moreover, 30 students from
Humanities and Social Sciences(HUMSS), 30 students from
Accountancy and Business Management……..

Note:
You may also post the formula used in determining your
sample
Create a table about the respondents.
Answer all the guide questions
 INSTRUMENT
A research instrument is a
tool used to collect data
relevant to the study that
you are conducting. A good
research instrument should
be validated and proven
reliable.
 CLASSIFICATIONS OF RESEARCH
INSTRUMENTS
●Standardized
Instrument
●Research made
instrument
●Modified standardized
instrument
 RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS USED IN
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

●OBSERVATION
●SURVEY
●INTERVIEW
 INSTRUMENT-GUIDE QUESTIONS
1. What instrument/s will you use to gather
data to answer your questions? Describe
the instrument/s. Cite your references as
well.
2. Why did you choose this/these
instrument/s?
3. What are the major parts of your
instrument, including the major variables
and sub-variables to be measured?

NOTE:
After answering the guide questions above,
put/write your instrument the next page.
 EXAMPLE
The researcher adapted the questionnaire from Learning Express Publication. The “501
Grammar and Writing Questions” provide practice drills on capitalization, punctuation, basic
grammar, sentence structure, organization, paragraph development, and essay writing. The
test was modified by the researcher to answer the research questions about the orthographic
processing skills of the students in terms of spelling, punctuation, and capitalization.
Modifications were made to meet the needs of the students, to localize the test, and to
ensure the validity and reliability of the content. The research instrument was finalized with
the guidance of the thesis adviser for the validity of the content. The questionnaire was
divided into three parts…
The first part of a test delved on the spelling skills of the students. The first part was
composed of scrambled words. The students were given set of words to be arranged to form
the real words. The next task involves homophone, the students were asked to encircle the
correct homophone word to complete the sentence. Another task is word choice………
To determine the feedback of the students in using the bellwork in the classroom, a
Likert scale was used where the students answered 10 questions about the use of Bellwork.
They were made to choose among the following ratings; 4(Strongly Agree), 3(Agree),
2(Disagree) and 1(Strongly disagree) to the statements given.
 DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE
1. Narrate the data gathering process
after the instrument has been
created and approved
2. Discuss the various stages and
procedures that were included in the
gathering process(securing permit
etc)
3. Include the limitations encountered
during the data gathering process
 EXAMPLE
Upon the approval of the research instrument, the researcher will
formally write a letter to the principal of ____ to conduct the study and the
request to get the email address of the respondents to facilitate the
research instrument and interview via google form and google meet.
Due to current health crisis brought by COVID-19 pandemic, the
researcher may not allow to go to these schools and would opt to send
this formal letter via school’s official email address. Once the request has
been granted, the online survey questionnaire using google form will be
administered to the entire full-time and part-time faculty and
administrators of these three schools. To validate their responses from the
instrument, the researcher will also conduct a structured interview via
google meet with the selected respondents including the students through
a focused group discussion.
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Do you know what helps you make your

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Awesome
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Mercury Mars
Despite being red,
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Mars is a cold
smallest planet
place

Venus Jupiter
Venus is the
It’s a gas giant and
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the Sun
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