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Linear Equation and Its Application Final

A linear function is defined by the equation f(x) = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept. The document provides examples of linear functions, methods for graphing them, and applications of linear equations in real-world scenarios. It also discusses the concept of slope, including positive and negative slopes, and presents exercises related to linear functions.

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sucalditojoshua01
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3 views32 pages

Linear Equation and Its Application Final

A linear function is defined by the equation f(x) = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept. The document provides examples of linear functions, methods for graphing them, and applications of linear equations in real-world scenarios. It also discusses the concept of slope, including positive and negative slopes, and presents exercises related to linear functions.

Uploaded by

sucalditojoshua01
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linear Function

and
Its Applications
What is a Linear Function ?

is the slope and b is the y-intercept, m and b ∈ ℜ


A linear function is defined by f(x) = mx + b, where m

and m ≠ 0. The degree of the function is one and its


graph is a line.
Illustrative Example 1

Is the function f defined by f(x) = 2x + 3 a linear function? If yes, determine


the slope m and the y-intercept b.

Yes, the function f defined by f(x) = 2x + 3 is a linear function


since the highest exponent (degree) of x is one and it is
written in the form f(x) = mx + b. The slope m is 2 while the
y-intercept b is 3.
Illustrative Example 3

Is the function h defined by h(x) = x2 + 5x + 4 a linear function?

The function h is not a linear function because its degree


(the highest exponent of x) is 2, not 1.
Finding the Values

Determine the value of f(-2), f(-1), f(0), f(1), f(2) in each of the following
linear functions:

Ordered Pairs
1. f(x) = 5x + 6
2. f(x) = x – 3 1. (-2,-4), (-1,1), (0,6), (1,11),
3. f(x) = 2x + 1 (2,16)
4. f(x) = -3x – 1 2. (-2,-5), (-1,-4), (0,-3), (1,-2),
5. f(x) = 2 – 2x (2-1)
3. (-2,-3), (-1,-1), (0,1), (1,3),
(2,5)
4. (-2,5), (-1,2), (0,-1), (1,-4),
(2,-7)
Slope of a Line

Shown at the right is the Mount Mayon.


It is one of the fascinating volcanoes in
symmetrical conical shape. The approximate
steepness of the volcano is labelled by the
line. The slope of the line can be used to
describe how steep Mount Mayon is.
A line can be described by its steepness or slope.
Slope is use to measure a line slant.
The slope m of a line can be computed by finding
the quotient of rise and run. That is,
m=
The rise refers to the vertical change or change in
y-coordinate while the run is the horizontal change
or change in x-coordinate. That is,

m= = =
m= = =

rise

run
How do we solve the change in y-coordinate and x-coordinate?

Suppose two points A and B have coordinates


(1, 1) and (2, 3), respectively.

𝒚𝟐− 𝒚 𝟏 𝟑 −𝟏
= =𝟐
𝒙𝟐− 𝒙𝟏 𝟐 −𝟏
What is a negative slope? What is a positive slope?
Suppose one moves (always In this case, if one will move from
start from left), there is no left to right, he goes up (rises). The
other way but to go down (fall) slope of the line is positive and the
from left to right. In this case, TREND is increasing.
the slope is negative and the
TREND of the line is
decreasing.
Horizontal Line Vertical Line

m=0 m=Ø
Graphs of Linear Equations

Graphing linear equations can be done


using any of the four methods:

1. Using two points


2. Using x- and y-intercepts
3. Using the slope and the y-intercept
4. Using the slope and a point
Using two points
Graph a linear equation that passes through points (1 , 2) and
(3 , 4).

•(3,4)

•(1,2)
Using x- and y-intercepts

Graph a linear equation with x- intercept – 2 and y-


intercept +4.

•(0,4)

•
(0,-2)
Using Slope and y-Intercept

Graph the linear equation y = 2x + 1,

run = 1

rise = 2
Exercises:

Using Slope and One Point

Graph the linear equation y = - 2x + 1 has a slope of -2 and


a point (0, 1).
How to graph Linear
Equations in Standard Form?
Consider the linear equation
4x + 5y = 20
Let y = 0 to find the x-intercept
4x + 5(0) = 20
x =5
Plot P(5,0)

Let x = 0 to find the y-intercept


4(0) + 5y = 20
y=4
Plot P(0,4)
Then connect the two points.
What if it is not in the standard
form?
Consider 4x + 12 = 6y
Generalization
1. Define the slope-intercept form of the
equation of a line.
2. What does the slope of a line represent?

3. How can you find the slope between two


points?
4. What information can you obtain from the y-
intercept of a line?
5. What is the relationship between parallel lines in
terms of their slopes? Perpendicular lines?
6. Determine whether the lines represented by
equations y=3x+1 and - y=3x+5 are parallel.

7. Write an equation for a line with a slope of


zero passing through (5, 6).
Application
Problem 1: A taxi charges a flat fee of 30.00 plus
20.00 per mile driven. Write an equation that
represents this situation and determine how
much it would cost for a ride that covers 10
miles.
Let y be the total cost and m be miles driven.
The equation is:
y = 20m + 30

If m = 10, then y = 20 (10) + 30 = 230


Problem 2: A store sells notebooks for 5.00 each
and pens for 2.00 each. If you buy a total of
30.00 worth of notebooks and pens, write an
equation to represent this situation and find out
how many notebooks you can buy if you buy no
5x + 2y = 30
pens.
Answer: 6
Problem 3: A restaurant offers a special where
you can get a burger for 16.00 and a drink for
4.00. If you have 30 to spend, write an equation
representing the number of burgers (x) and
drinks (y) you can buy, and determine how many
burgers you can buy if you purchase 5 drinks.
16x + 4y = 60

Answer: 2.5
Since you cannot buy half a burger, you can buy 2
burgers if you purchase 5 drinks.
Problem 4: A train travels from City A to City B
at a speed of 60 km/h and returns at a speed
of 90 km/h. If the total travel time for the round
trip is 4 hours, find the distance between City A
and City B.
d/60 + d/90 = 4

The distance between City A and City B is 144 km.


Exercises
Answer the following questions:

1. You own a newly-born German shepherd. Suppose the


dog weighs 1 kg at birth. You’ve known from your friend
that the monthly average weight gained by the dog is 5
kg. If the rate of increase of dog’s weight every month is
constant, determine an equation that will describe the
dog’s weight. Predict the dog’s weight after five months
using mathematical equation and graphical
representation.
Answer the following questions:
2. Emman often rides a taxi from one place to another.
The standard fare in riding a taxi is Php 40 as a flag
down rate plus Php 3.50 for every 200 meters or a
fraction of it.

If Emman pays Php 68, how many kilometers did he


travel? How about Php 75? Php 89? Php 92.50? Write the
equation of the line in the form Ax + By = C and draw
the graph of the equation you have formulated.
Answer 1:
Slope(m) = 5
y-intercept (b) = 1 (@ x=0;
y=1)
Equation of the line : y = 5x
+1
16
14
12 Run = 1
10
Rise = 5
8
6
4
2
0

0 1 2 3 4 5
Answer 2:

If he pays Php 68, then he traveled 1600 meters or less


than 1600
meters but greater than 1400 meters. If he pays Php
75, then he
traveled 2000 meters or less than 2000 meters but
greater than
1800 meters. If he pays Php 89, then he traveled 2800
meters or
less than 2800 meters but greater than 2600 meters.
Finally, if he
pays Php 92.50, then he traveled 3000 meters or less
than 3000

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