Lecture 8
Lecture 8
Computing/Skills
Development
Lecture 8
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Last Lecture Summary I
Operating System Evolution
Types of Operating Systems
Stand alone Operating Systems
DOS
Windows NT
Windows 9x (Windows 95, 98 ME)
Windows 2000
Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7
Mac OS X
Unix
Linux
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Last Lecture Summary II
Network Operating Systems
Features
Windows NT Server
Windows 2000 Server
Windows 2003 Server
Windows 2008 Server
Unix for Servers
Linux for Servers
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Embedded Operating
Systems
built into the circuitry of an electronic device
unlike a PC's operating system, which resides on a
magnetic disk
Stable and fast
Found in wide variety of devices
Appliances
Automobiles
Bar-code scanners
Cell phones,
Medical equipment and
Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs
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Embedded Operating
Systems
An embedded operating system resides on
a ROM chip on a mobile device or
consumer electronic device
Windows Windows
Palm OS iPhone OS
Embedded CE Mobile
Google Embedded
BlackBerry Symbian OS
Android Linux
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Windows CE
Windows OS designed for use on communications,
entertainment, and computing devices with limited
functionality
Although a small OS, it supports wireless communications,
multimedia and Web browsing
Windows CE is a GUI that supports color, sound, multitasking,
multimedia, e-mail, Internet access, and Web browsing
A built-in file viewer allows users to view files created in
popular programs such as Word, Excel, and PowerPoint
Devices equipped with Windows CE can communicate
wirelessly with computers and other devices using Bluetooth
or other wireless technologies,
as long as the device is equipped with the necessary
communications hardware
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Windows CE
Allows for the use of smaller versions of
Microsoft Word, Excel, Internet Explorer and
Outlook.
Examples of devices that use Windows CE
include
VoIP telephones, industrial control devices
digital cameras
automated teller machines, digital photo frames
fuel pumps, security robots, handheld navigation
devices
portable media players, ticket machines, and
computerized sewing machines. 7
Windows CE
Also provided as a kit to
manufacturers
Customized for each device
Not based on a desktop
OS This sewing machine uses
Windows Embedded CE to assist
with stitching quilts, garments,
crafts, decorations, and embroidery
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Windows Mobile
based on Windows Embedded CE,
includes functionality, programs, and a
user interface designed for specific
types of smart phones and PDAs
Devices with a touch screen use
Windows Mobile Professional, and
Devices without touch screens use Smart phone
with Windows
Windows Mobile Standard Mobile OS
Allows for the use of smaller versions
of Microsoft Word, Excel, Internet
Explorer and Outlook
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Windows Mobile
Users have access to all the basic PIM (personal
information manager) functions such as
contact lists, schedules, tasks, calendars, and notes
Information on the mobile device easily synchronizes with a
personal computer or prints on a printer using a cable or a
wireless technology.
Additional features that allow users to
check e-mail, browse the Web, listen to music,
take pictures or record video, watch a video,
send and receive text messages and instant messages
record a voice message, manage finances, view a map
read an e-book, or play a game.
Some devices also support handwriting and voice input.
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Palm OS
Proprietary mobile OS
First PDA OS for consumers
Can be found on smart phones
Designed for ease of use with a
touch screen-based GUI
provided with a suite of basic
applications for Personal
Information Management (PIM)
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Palm OS Features
Simple, single-tasking environment to allow launching of
full screen applications with a basic, common GUI set
Monochrome or color screens with resolutions up to
480x320 pixel
Handwriting recognition input system called Graffiti 2
Sound playback and record capabilities
Simple security model: Device can be locked by password,
arbitrary application records can be made private
TCP/IP network access
Serial port/USB, infrared, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi connections
Expansion memory card support
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iPhone OS (iOS)
Developed by Apple, is an OS for the
iPhone, iPad, Apple TV and iPod
Touch
These devices are multi-touch,
meaning they recognize multiple
points of contact
Interface control elements consist of
sliders, switches, and buttons.
iPhone OS
provides Wi-Fi access to the iTunes runs on Apple
iPhone
Music Store
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iOS
User interface of iOS is based on the concept
of direct manipulation, using multi-touch
gestures
enables users to interact with iPhone OS
devices using finger motions such as
tapping a button on the screen,
sliding your finger to drag an object, and
pinching or unpinching your fingers to zoom in or
out
response to user input is immediate and
provides a fluid interface
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BlackBerry OS
Proprietary OS for BlackBerry line of
smartphone handheld devices
provide PIM capabilities such as
managing schedules, contacts, and
appointments
provides multitasking and supports
specialized input particularly the
trackwheel, trackball, trackpad and
Smart phone using
touchscreen Blackberry OS
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BlackBerry OS
Many BlackBerry devices include a mini
keyboard;
Some have touch screens
provide wireless functionality that includes
sending e-mail messages, text messages, and instant
messages; connecting to the Internet and browsing
the Web; and accessing Bluetooth devices
Information on the device easily synchronizes
wirelessly with a computer or other BlackBerry
device
Some devices allow users to take pictures, play
music, and access maps and directions 16
Google Andriod
Open source, Linux-based OS
designed by Google for mobile devices
such as smart phones and Tablet PCs
Allows programmers to design
programs specifically for devices
supporting this OS
Contains features such as
access to e-mail accounts
an alarm clock, video capture
access to Google Apps, Wi-Fi access
easy Web browsing
Used on more than 20 different types
of mobile devices
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Google Andriod
consists of a kernel based on the Linux kernel,
with middleware, libraries and APIs written in C
and application software running on an
application framework which includes Java-
compatible libraries
SQLite, a lightweight relational database, is
used for data storage purposes
native support for multi-touch
supports multiple languages
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Embedded Linux
Linux OS system designed for
smart phones, PDAs, portable
media players and Internet
telephones
Provide calendar and address
book and other PIM functions
Support for touch screens and
handwriting recognition
Devices synchronize with Pc with
a variety of technologies including Smart phone using
Embedded Linux
Bluetooth
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Symbian OS
Open-source, multitasking
operating system designed for
smart phones
Provide support for Touch
screens, Voice, Games,
multimedia functions and Internet
connectivity
Full color display
Make telephone calls, save
appointments, browse Web, send
and receive e-mail and faxes etc.
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Symbian OS
Created with three systems design principles in
mind:
integrity and security of user data is paramount
user time must not be wasted
all resources are scarce
allows users to communicate wirelessly
Currently 48 languages are supported
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Utilities Software
System software designed to help analyze,
configure, optimize or maintain a computer
A single piece of utility software is usually called
a utility or tool
Utility software usually focuses on how the
computer infrastructure operates including
computer hardware
operating system
application software and
data storage
Utilities enhances or extends OS capabilities
Some offer features not included with OS 22
Utility Program
A type of system software that allows a user to
perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to
managing a computer, its devices, or its programs
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Utility Software
As an OS is improved and updated, the
functionality of popular utilities is included with
subsequent releases of the OS
Most OS include several built-in utility software
Users often buy stand-alone utilities because
they offer improvements over those included
with the OS
Thousands of different utility software and many
of them are available on Internet
Some are free and some are priced from very
inexpensive to hundreds of dollars
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Functions Provided by Utility
Software
Managing files Securing a computer from
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File Manager
A utility that performs functions related to file
management
Displaying a list of files
Organizing files in folders
Copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting
files and folders
folder is a specific named location on a storage medium
that contains related documents
Creating shortcuts
shortcut is an icon on the desktop or in a folder that
provides a user with immediate access to a program or file
OS typically include a file manager
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Windows Explorer
displays links to files and folders, as well as
previews of folder contents and certain types of files
Long file names
Folders can be created and nested
All storage devices work consistently
thumbnail
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Search Utility
a program that attempts to locate a file on your computer
based on criteria you specifies
can look through documents, photos, music, and other files on
your computer and/or on the Internet, combining search
results in a single location
criteria could be a word or words contained in a file, date the
file was created or modified, size of the file, location of the file,
file name, author/ artist, and other similar properties
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Image Viewer / Image
Browser
a utility that allows users to
display, copy, and print the
contents of a graphics file,
such as a photo
users can see images without
having to open them in a paint
or image editing program
Most OS has an image viewer Windows Photo Viewer
allows user to see the
Windows Photo Viewer, which contents of a photo file
also allows you to print and e-
mail photos
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Image Viewer
it can often handle various graphics file formats.
Such software usually renders the image
according to properties of the display such as
color depth, display resolution, and color profile
Typical features of image viewers are:
basic viewing operations such as zooming and
rotation
fullscreen display, Slideshow, thumbnail display
Printing, screen capture
Common Image viewer include
Windows Picture Viewer, ACDSee, IrfanView, XnView,
MediaPro1, Eye of GNOME, Gwenview 30
Uninstaller
A utility that removes a program, as well as any
associated entries in the system files
When a program is installed, OS records the information
it uses to run the software in the system files
Uninstaller deletes files and folders from the hard disk, as
well as removes program entries from the system files
OS usually provide an uninstaller
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Disk Defragmentation
Which combines all files so that no files are stored in a
noncontiguous manner
The defragmentation process can consume more than
one hour in some cases.
You can cancel the operation at any time by clicking the
Stop operation button in the Disk Defragmenter window
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Disk Defragmenter
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File Compression
Shrinks the size of a file
Takes up less space on disk
Will increase disk capacity
Compressing files frees up space on the storage
media and improves system performance
Uploading and downloading compressed files to and
from the Internet reduces the file transmission time
Compressed files, sometimes called zipped files,
usually have a .zip extension
Lossy and Lossless compression
PKZip, WinZip and WinRAR
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File Compression
763 KB
on disk
Compressed
157 KB
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Backup and Restore Utility
A backup utility allows users to copy files to another storage medium
such as another hard disk, optical disc, USB flash drive, or tape
During the back up process, the utility monitors progress and alerts
you if it needs additional media, such as another disc
Most compress files during backup to require less storage space
By compressing the files, the
backup program requires less
storage space for the backup
files than for the original files.
Because they are
compressed, you usually
cannot use backup files in
their backed up form
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Backup and Restore Utility
A restore utility reverses the process and returns
backed up files to their original form
Backup utilities work with a restore utility
Most backup and restore utilities include a scheduler,
which instructs the computer to perform a backup
automatically on a regularly scheduled basis.
OS, such as Windows, include
a backup and restore utility
When you purchase an
external hard disk, it also
usually includes a backup and
restore utility
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Screen Saver
A screen saver causes a
display device’s screen to
show a moving image or
blank screen if no activity
occurs for a specified
time
To secure computer, user
configures screen saver
to require password to
deactivate
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Firewall
Crucial utility
Detects and protects your
computer from unauthorized
intruders
Makes computer invisible to
hackers
Zone Alarm is a home firewall
Cisco sells hardware firewalls
Windows XP automatically
enables the built-in personal
firewall upon installation
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Virus, Worm and Trojans
A virus describes a potentially damaging computer
program that affects a computer negatively
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Signs of Virus Infection
Effective antivirus
products not only detect
and remove viruses; they
also help you recover
data that has been lost
because of a virus
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Anti-Virus Software
Crucial utility
Identifies and removes viruses in memory,
storage media and incoming files
Most antivirus programs also protect against
worms and Trojan horses
Must be updated regularly
Popular Antivirus Programs
McAfee, Norton Anti-Virus, Microsoft Security
Essential, Kaspersky
McAfee and Norton offer Web-based antivirus
programs
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Spyware and Adware
Spyware is a program placed on
Adware displays an online
a computer without the user’s
advertisement in a banner or
knowledge that secretly collects
pop-up window
information about the user
• A spyware remover detects • An adware remover is a
and deletes spyware and other program that detects and
similar programs deletes adware
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PC Maintenance Utility
A personal computer
maintenance utility identifies and
fixes operating system problems,
detects and repairs disk
problems, and includes the
capability of improving a
computer’s performance
some utilities continuously
monitor a computer while you
use it to identify and repair
problems before they occur.
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Summary
Embedded Operating Systems
Windows XP Embedded, Windows CE Embedded
CE, Windows Mobile
Pocket PC
Palm OS
iPhone OS / iOS
BlackBerry OS
Google Andriod
Embedded Linux
Symbian OS
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Summary
Managing files Intrusion detection
Searching for files Screen savers
Viewing images Antivirus
Uninstalling Maintaining a PC
programs
Cleaning up Disks
Defragmenting
Disks
Backing up files and
disks
Disk Compression 51
Recommended Websites
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_operating_system
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palm_OS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry_OS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_(Apple)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian_OS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pocket_PC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility_software
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