Introduction to the new mainframe

Chapter 3: Interactive facilities of z/OS:

TSO/E, ISPF, and UNIX

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Introduction to the new mainframe

Chapter 3 objectives

Be able to:

• Log on to z/OS
• Run programs from the TSO READY
prompt
• Navigate through the menu options
of ISPF
• Use the ISPF editor to make
changes to a file
• Use the UNIX interfaces on z/OS,
including the z/OS UNIX command
shell.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

Key terms in this chapter

• OMVS command
• 3270 and 3270 emulator
• path
• CLIST
• READY prompt
• ISHELL
• Restructured Extended
• ISPF
Executor (REXX)
• logon
• shell
• native mode
• Time Sharing Option /
Extensions (TSO/E)

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Introduction to the new mainframe

How do we interact with z/OS?

TSO/E
Allows users to logon to z/OS and use a limited set of basic
commands. This is sometimes called using TSO in its native mode.

ISPF
Provides a menu system for accessing many of the most commonly
used z/OS functions.

z/OS UNIX shell and utilities

Allows users to write and invoke shell scripts and utilities, and use
the shell programming language.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

TSO overview

TSO/E
• Acronym for Time Sharing Option/Extensions (TSO/E)
• Allows users to create an interactive session with z/OS
• Provides a single-user logon capability and a basic
command prompt interface to z/OS
• Most users work with TSO through its menu-driven
interface, Interactive System Productivity Facility (ISPF)

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Introduction to the new mainframe

TSO overview (continued)

In a z/OS system, each user gets a user ID and a password

authorized for TSO logon.

During TSO logon, the system displays the TSO logon

screen on the user’s 3270 display device or TN3270
emulator.

z/OS system programmers modify the layout and text of the

TSO logon panel to better suit the needs of the system’s
users.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

TSO/E logon screen

------------------------------- TSO/E LOGON -----------------------------------

Enter LOGON parameters below: RACF LOGON parameters:

Userid ===> ZPROF

Password ===> New Password ===>

Procedure ===> IKJACCNT Group Ident ===>

Acct Nmbr ===> ACCNT#

Size ===> 860000

Perform ===>

Command ===>

Enter an 'S' before each option desired below:

-Nomail -Nonotice -Reconnect -OIDcard

PF1/PF13 ==> Help PF3/PF15 ==> Logoff PA1 ==> Attention PA2 ==> Reshow
You may request specific help information by entering a '?' in any entry field

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Introduction to the new mainframe

Using TSO commands in native mode

• Usually, ISPF provides the interface for TSO.

• However, TSO includes a limited set of basic commands
independent of ISPF and other programs.
• Using TSO in this way is called using TSO in its native mode.

When you logon to TSO, the z/OS system responds by displaying the
READY prompt, and waits for input (similar to a DOS prompt).

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Introduction to the new mainframe

TSO Ready Prompt

TSO is ready to accept commands

Cursor, where you enter commands
1
2
3

1 - You enter a command (like a DOS prompt)

2 - TSO displays the command output and
3 - TSO is ready to accept new commands

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Introduction to the new mainframe

Using CLISTs under native TSO

Place a command list or CLIST (“see list”) in a file

and execute the list as if it were a single
command.

A CLIST issues the commands in sequence.

CLISTs are used for performing routine tasks and

working more efficiently with TSO.

TSO users create CLISTs with the CLIST command

language.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

CLISTs versus REXX

• REXX is Restructured Extended Executor language, a command language

used with TSO

• Both CLISTs and REXX offer shell script-type processing.

• Both are interpretive languages, not compiled languages (although REXX

can be compiled as well).

• Some z/OS users write functions directly as CLISTs or REXX programs

• CLIST programming is unique to z/OS, while the REXX language is used on

many platforms.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

ISPF overview

Acronym for Interactive System Productivity Facility

ISPF is a menu-driven interface for user interaction with z/OS system.

The ISPF environment is executed from native TSO.

ISPF provides utilities, an editor and ISPF applications to the user. To

the extent permitted by various security controls an ISPF user has
full access to most z/OS system functions.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

Using ISPF allocate screen

Menu RefList Utilities Help
Allocate New Data Set
Command ===>

Data Set Name . . . : ZSCHOL.TEST.CNTL

Management class . . . (Blank for default management class)

Storage class . . . . (Blank for default storage class)
Volume serial . . . . EBBER1 (Blank for system default volume) **
Device type . . . . . (Generic unit or device address) **
Data class . . . . . . (Blank for default data class)
. Space units . . . . . TRACK (BLKS, TRKS, CYLS, KB, MB, BYTES
or RECORDS)
Average record unit (M, K, or U)
Primary quantity . . 2 (In above units)
Secondary quantity 1 (In above units)
Directory blocks . . 0 (Zero for sequential data set) *
Record format . . . . FB
Record length . . . . 80
Block size . . . . . 27920
Data set name type : (LIBRARY, HFS, PDS, or blank) *
(YY/MM/DD, YYYY/MM/DD

F1=Help F2=Split F3=Exit F7=Backward F8=Forward F9=Swap

F10=Actions F12=Cancel

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Introduction to the new mainframe

Navigating through ISPF menus

To access ISPF under TSO, the user enters a command

from the READY prompt to display the ISPF Primary
Option Menu.

You can access online help from any of the ISPF panels
(press the PF1 key)

ISPF includes a text editor and browser, and functions for

locating files and performing other utility functions.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

ISPF Menu Structure Primary

option menu
0 Settings
1 Browse
2 Edit
3 Utilities
4 DS List
5 ...

Settings View Edit Utilities Dialog Test

/ Cursor at .. Proj ____ Proj ____ 1 Dataset 1 ......
_ ... Group ____ Group ____ 2 Library 2 ......
_ ... Type ____ Type ____ 3 Copy/Move 3 ......
_ ... 4 DS List 4 ......
Other Dsn__ Other Dsn__

Copy/Move
Library
Edit Dataset C Copy M Mo
CP Cop MP
**************** b Display ____
0 //JOB1 JOB D Delete Group ____
0 //S1 EXEC Proj ______ Type
____ ____
0 //DD1 DD Group ____Group ____
0 .... Type ____
Type ____
***************

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Introduction to the new mainframe

General structure of ISPF panels

Action Menu Utilities Compilers Options Status Help
Bar ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ISPF Primary Option Menu

Panel 0 Settings Terminal and user parameters User ID . : AUES100

Options 1
2
View
Edit
Display source data or listings
Create or change source data
Time. . . :
Terminal. :
16:14
3278
3 Utilities Perform utility functions Screen. . : 1
Dynamic 4 Foreground Interactive language processing Language. : ENGLISH
Status 5 Batch Submit job for language processing Appl ID . : ISR
Area 6 Command Enter TSO or Workstation commands TSO logon : LOGON
7 Dialog Test Perform dialog testing TSO prefix: AUES100
8 LM Facility Library administrator functions System ID : SYS1
9 IBM Products IBM program development products MVS acct. : ACCNT#
10 SCLM SW Configuration Library Manager Release . : ISPF 5.2
11 Workplace ISPF Object/Action Workplace

S SDSF System Display and Search Facility

Enter X to Terminate using log/list defaults

Command Option ===>

Line
F1=Help F2=Split F3=Exit F7=Backward F8=Forward F9=Swap
Function F10=Actions F12=Cancel
Keys
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Introduction to the new mainframe

Common functions provided in ISPF menus…

Action Bar
Menu Utilities Compilers Options Status Help

---------------------------------------------------------
Point-and-Shoot
0 Settings Terminal and user parameters
1 View Display source data or listings
2 Edit Create or change source data
3 Utilities Perform utility functions
.

Option Number
0 Settings Terminal and user parameters
1 View Display source data or listings
2 Edit Create or change source data
3 Utilities Perform utility functions
.
.
Options ===> 3

Function Keys
F1=Help F3=Exit F7=Bkwd F8=Fwd
F10=Actions F11=Retrieve F12=Cancel

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Introduction to the new mainframe

Keyboard mapping:
Function Key
Enter Ctrl (right side)
Exit, end, or return PF3
Help PF1
PA1 or Attention Alt-Ins or Esc
PA2 Alt-Home
Cursor movement Tab or Enter
Clear Pause
Page up PF7
Page down PF8
Scroll left PF10
Scroll right PF11
Reset locked keyboard Ctrl (left side)

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Introduction to the new mainframe

ISPF Edit Panel - some line commands

Command Description
I Insert lines
D Delete lines
R Repeat lines
C Copy lines
M Move lines
A After line
B Before line
( Shift right columns
< Shift right data
) Shift left columns
> Shift left data
X Exclude lines
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Introduction to the new mainframe

ISPF Edit Panel - Inserting lines

Screen 1

Screen 2

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Introduction to the new mainframe

z/OS UNIX interactive interfaces

Like TSO and ISPF, the z/OS UNIX shell and utilities
provide an interactive interface to z/OS.

Use the UNIX shell to:

• Invoke shell scripts and utilities
• Write shell scripts (a list of shell commands created with the
shell programming language)
• Run shell scripts and C language programs interactively.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

Invoking the UNIX shell

You can invoke the UNIX shell in any of these ways:

• From a 3270 display or a workstation running a 3270
emulator
• From a TCP/IP-attached terminal, using the rlogin and
telnet commands
• From TSO by entering the OMVS command or the
ISHELL command.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

TSO commands used with z/OS UNIX

ISHELL -- This command invokes the ISPF shell.

• Intended for users more familiar with TSO/ISPF than UNIX

• Provides panels for working with UNIX files, mounting and unmounting file
systems, and z/OS UNIX administration.
• z/OS programmers can do much of their work under ISHELL.

OMVS -- This command invokes the z/OS UNIX shell.

• Intended for users more familiar with UNIX than TSO/ISPF

• Allows the user to alternate between the shell and TSO
• UNIX programmers should find the z/OS UNIX shell programming
environment familiar.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

ISHELL command (ish)

A good starting point for TSO/ISPF users who want to use z/OS UNIX.
Under ISHELL, you can use action codes to:
• b Browse a file or directory
• e Edit a file or directory
• d Delete a file or directory
• r Rename a file or directory
• a Show the attributes of a file or directory
• c Copy a file or directory

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Introduction to the new mainframe

OMVS command shell session

You use the OMVS command to invoke the z/OS UNIX shell.

Under the UNIX shell, users can:

• Invoke shell commands or utilities that request services from the
system.
• Write shell scripts using the shell programming language.
• Run shell scripts and C-language programs interactively (in the
foreground), in the background, or in batch.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

Direct login to the shell

rlogin
• When the inetd daemon is active, you can rlogin to the shell from
a workstation. To log in, use the rlogin (remote log in) command
syntax supported at your site.
telnet
• Also uses the inetd daemon
• inetd must be active and set up to recognize and receive the
incoming telnet requests.

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Introduction to the new mainframe

Summary

TSO allows users to logon to z/OS and use a limited set of basic
commands in native mode.
ISPF is a menu-driven interface for user interaction with z/OS.
ISPF provides utilities, an editor and ISPF applications to the
user. To the extent permitted by various security controls an
ISPF user has full access to most z/OS system functions.
TSO ISPF should be viewed as a system management interface
and a development interface for traditional z/OS programming.
The z/OS UNIX shell and utilities provide a command interface to
the z/OS UNIX environment. You can access the shell either by
logging on to TSO/E or by using the remote login facilities of
TCP/IP (rlogin).
If you use TSO/E, a command called OMVS creates a shell for
you. You can work in the shell environment until exiting or
temporarily switching back to the TSO/E environment.

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