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Module 1 Introduction

The document provides an overview of system analysis and design, emphasizing the importance of information technology in business success and the role of systems analysts. It outlines the components of information systems, various development methodologies, and the systems development life cycle (SDLC) phases. Additionally, it discusses organizational structures and the need for effective information systems to support different levels of management.

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Raymond
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3 views18 pages

Module 1 Introduction

The document provides an overview of system analysis and design, emphasizing the importance of information technology in business success and the role of systems analysts. It outlines the components of information systems, various development methodologies, and the systems development life cycle (SDLC) phases. Additionally, it discusses organizational structures and the need for effective information systems to support different levels of management.

Uploaded by

Raymond
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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System Analysis and

Design:
By
Salisu Ibrahim Yusuf
Module 1: Introduction
Objectives:

 Information systems
 B2C and B2B
 Business models
 …
Information Technology IT

 Refers to the combination of hardware, software, and services that


people use to manage, communicate, and share information.

 Business success depends on information technology.

 IT and Globalization.

 IT is very dynamic and fast evolving


System analysis and Design

 Systems analysis and design is a step-by-step process for developing


high-quality information systems.
 An information system combines technology, people, and data to
provide support for business functions such as order processing,
inventory control, human resources, accounting, and many more.
 Some information systems handle routine day-to-day tasks, while others
can help managers make better decisions, spot marketplace trends, and
reveal patterns that might be hidden in stored data.
Who is a System Analyst

 A systems analyst is a valued member of the IT department team who


helps plan, develop, and maintain information systems.
 Essential skills: Analysts must be excellent communicators with strong
analytical and critical thinking skills.
 System analyst bridges between technology and business.
Information System

 System is a set of related component that produces specific results.


 Systems that vital to business operation are considered mission-critical
 Component:
 Hardware
 Software
 Data
 Process
 People
Internet Business Strategies

 The internet Model: Electronic Commerce e-commerce


 B2C: Business-to-Customer. Cutting out the middle man Ex Airbnb.
 B2B:
Modelling Business Operations

 Systems analysts use modeling to represent company operations and


information needs. Modeling produces a graphical representation of a
concept or process that systems developers can analyze, test, and
modify
 Business Profile: vision, mission, and function of business
 Business Model: description of information from business
 Business Process: Documentable transaction:
 Business Process Model GPM: used graphical tools like: Lucidchart,
Business Information Systems

 Information systems are identified based on users:


 Admin: office systems
 Operation: Operational Systems
 Managers: decision support system
 Top; Executive information system
 Enterprise Computing: ex. ERP (Enterprise resource Planning)
 Transaction Processing
 Business support
 Knowledge Management; User Productivity
 Digital assets and System Integration
Organisational
Information Model

 Corporate organizational
structure has changed
considerably in recent
years.
 to increase productivity,
many companies reduced
the number of
management levels and
delegated responsibility to
operational personnel
 Top Managers: Top managers develop long-range plans, called strategic plans,
which define the com pany’s overall mission and goals.
 Middle Managers and Knowledge Workers: Middle managers provide direction,
necessary resources, and performance feedback to supervisors and team leaders
 middle managers need more detailed information than top managers but less than
supervisors
 Knowledge workers include systems analysts, programmers, accountants,
researchers, trainers, human resource specialists, and other professionals.
Knowledge workers also use business support systems, knowledge management
systems, and user productivity systems. Knowledge workers provide support for
the organization’s basic functions
 Supervisors and Team Leaders: Supervisors, often called team leaders, oversee
operational employees and carry out day-to-day functions.
 Operational employees include users who rely on transaction processing systems
to enter and receive data they need to perform their jobs.
System Development

 Many options exist for developing information systems, but the most
popular alternatives are structured analysis, which is a traditional
method that still is widely used, object-oriented (O-O) analysis, which is
a more recent approach that many analysts prefer, and agile methods,
which include the latest trends in software development.
 Most projects utilize one approach,
 systems developers to mix and match methods to gain a better
perspective.
 Project management is the process of planning, scheduling, monitoring,
controlling, and reporting upon the development of an information
system
Comparison of structured, object-oriented,
and agile development methods.
Comparison of structured, object-oriented,
and agile development methods. Cont’d
Structured Analysis

 Structured analysis is a traditional systems development technique that


is time tested and easy to understand.
 Also called the predictive approach or process centered approach
 Structured analysis uses a series of phases, called the
systems development life cycle (SDLC), to plan, analyze, design,
implement, and support an information system
 Structured analysis uses a set of process models to describe a system
graphically.
System Analysis and Design
SDLC
 The SDLC describes activities and functions that all systems
developers perform.
 Waterfall
 Iterative Models
 The SDLC model usually includes five steps
 SYSTEMS PLANNING PHASE: Initiates the system process
through requests. It includes preliminary investigation which
mostly includes feasibility studies.
 SYSTEMS ANALYSIS: build a logical model of the new system.
requirements engineering is done furthering investigation to
understand facts.
 SYSTEMS DESIGN: create a physical model that will satisfy all
documented requirements for the system
 SYSTEMS IMPLEMENTATION: programs are written, tested, and
documented, and the system is installed
 SYSTEMS SUPPORT AND SECURITY: maintains, enhances, and
protects the system
Further Reading

 Object Oriented analysis


 Agile Methods
 Prototyping

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