) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

Presented by RT 2

Patterns of
Development
Understanding Rhetorical Modes for Effective
Essays
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

MEET THE GROUP

Group Membe Membe Membe

Leader r r r

Laarni Calamba Marc Supot Dianne Leoric Amoy

Bandija
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

MEET THE GROUP

Membe Membe
r r

Angela Aspe Miguel

Costuya
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Intro
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
OVERVIEW

• Essays follow a structure: Introduction, Body,

Conclusion.
• Topic sentences and supporting details must be
logically ordered.
• Rhetorical modes help organize and present
information effectively.
• Ancient rhetoricians, like Aristotle and Cicero,
developed techniques for managing information
effectively.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Intro
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
WHY ARE
RHETORICAL MODES
IMPORTANT?

• Help writers structure ideas clearly.

• Improve reader understanding and
engagement.
• Used in academic writing, journalism, and
everyday communication.
• Provide logical ways to analyze and present
arguments.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
NARRATION
Chapter 1

• Tells a story or describes an event.

• Uses chronological order to structure details
logically.
• Common in literature, history, and personal
essays.
Example: A memoir describing childhood
experiences.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
DESCRIPTIO
N
• Creates a vivid image for
the reader.
• Uses sensory details
(sight, sound, smell,
taste, feel).
• Helps readers visualize
people, places, or events.
Example: A travel blog
vividly describing a beach
sunset.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
EXAMPLE
(EXEMPLIFICATION)
• Uses specific examples to clarify an idea.
• Makes abstract concepts more
understandable.
• Common in persuasive and explanatory
writing.
Example: Using real-world cases to explain the
impact of climate change.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
DEFINITION

• Goes beyond dictionary meanings.

• Explores how a word or concept is used and
understood.
• Useful for complex, abstract, or controversial
terms.
Example: Defining ‘justice’ in different legal
systems.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
PROCESS ANALYSIS

• Explains how something happens or how

to do something.
• Used in technical writing, science, and
problem-solving essays.
• Follows a step-by-step structure.
Example: Instructions on how to bake a
cake.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

CLASSIFICATION/DIVISION

• Breaks a large concept into smaller

parts.
• Helps readers understand complex
topics.
• Common in academic and scientific
writing.
Example: Classifying different types of
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
COMPARISON/CONTRAST

• Highlights similarities and differences.

• Used to evaluate concepts, ideas, or
objects.
• Helps readers make informed
decisions.
Example: Comparing democracy and
dictatorship.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
CAUSE/EFFECT

) ) ) ) ) ) )
• Explains why something
happened (cause) and its
consequences (effect). Example: “Effects of Climate
• Used in research and Change“ Discussing rising
analytical writing. temperatures, extreme
• Helps readers understand weather, and sea-level rise
relationships between
events.
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) PROBLEM/SOLUTION
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

• Identifies a problem and proposes a logical

solution.
• Used in persuasive writing and policy
analysis.
• Requires critical thinking and strong
reasoning.
Example:
“How to Reduce Plastic Waste” Suggesting
reusable bags and recycling programs
 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )

IN CONCLUSION

Patterns of development help organize ideas in essays. They improve clarity and coherence in writing. Choosing the
right pattern enhances the impact of an argument.

Mastering these patterns helps students write clearer essays, present stronger arguments, and communicate more
effectively in academic and professional settings.
 Thank
You
By RT 2
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )
) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) )