Living in IT Era
THE
INTERNET
An Overview of its History,
Components, and Uses
Cervantes, Salve D.
Peralta, Ashley Ann N.
Living in IT Era
Internet
• Internet or “net” (network of network) is
the largest computer network in the
world that connects billions of computer
user
• combination of “interconnection” and
“network’’
Network
• a collection of computers and
devices connected via communication
channels and transmission media allow
to share resources (hardware, software,
data, information)
Nobody owns the internet
THE START OF
THE INTERNET
• 1969
ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency) started as an
experimental network. Its concept is to have no central server; all
computers have equal importance. It is also designed to withstand
partial outages (e.g., nuclear attacks).
• 1982
The term "Internet" was first used.
• 1986
First "free net" created at Case Western Reserve University.
• 1991:
US government allowed businesses to connect to the Internet.
• Key Figure:
Vinton Gray Cerf, known as one of the "fathers of the Internet."
THE START OF
THE INTERNET
• 1969
ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency) started as an
experimental network. Its concept is to have no central server; all
computers have equal importance. It is also designed to withstand
partial outages (e.g., nuclear attacks).
• 1982
The term "Internet" was first used.
• 1986
First "free net" created at Case Western Reserve University.
• 1991:
US government allowed businesses to connect to the Internet.
• Key Figure:
Vinton Gray Cerf, known as one of the "fathers of the Internet."
THE START OF
THE INTERNET
• 1969
ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency) started as an
experimental network. Its concept is to have no central server; all
computers have equal importance. It is also designed to withstand
partial outages (e.g., nuclear attacks).
• 1982
The term "Internet" was first used.
• 1986
First "free net" created at Case Western Reserve University.
• 1991:
US government allowed businesses to connect to the Internet.
• Key Figure:
Vinton Gray Cerf, known as one of the "fathers of the Internet."
THE START OF
THE INTERNET
• 1969
ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency) started as an
experimental network. Its concept is to have no central server; all
computers have equal importance. It is also designed to withstand
partial outages (e.g., nuclear attacks).
• 1982
The term "Internet" was first used.
• 1986
First "free net" created at Case Western Reserve University.
• 1991:
US government allowed businesses to connect to the Internet.
• Key Figure:
Vinton Gray Cerf, known as one of the "fathers of the Internet."
THE START OF
THE INTERNET
• 1969
ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency) started as an
experimental network. Its concept is to have no central server; all
computers have equal importance. It is also designed to withstand
partial outages (e.g., nuclear attacks).
• 1982
The term "Internet" was first used.
• 1986
First "free net" created at Case Western Reserve University.
• 1991:
US government allowed businesses to connect to the Internet.
• Key Figure:
Vinton Gray Cerf, known as one of the "fathers of the Internet."
MAJOR COMPONENTS
OF THE INTERNET
THE KEY COMPONENTS OF
INTERNET
1.Servers:
Computers that provide services to other devices.
2. IP Address:
A numerical label is assigned to each device for
identification.
3. Browser:
Software used to access information on the web (e.g.,
Chrome, Safari).
4. Domain Name System (DNS)
Translates human-readable domain names (e.g.,
www.google.com) into IP addresses.
5. Internet Service Provider (ISP):
Organizations that provide Internet access (e.g., PLDT,
Sky Broadband).
TYPES OF SERVERS
Application Server Mail Server
Provides business logic Handles incoming and
for applications. outgoing emails.
Web Server File Server
Serves requested HTML Manages and stores data
pages or files. files for network access.
Proxy Server Policy Server
Acts as an intermediary Provides authorization and
between a user and security services.
another server.
IP ADDRESS AND DNS
IP Address
A unique numerical label assigned to
each device (e.g., 192.168.1.1).
DNS (Domain Name System)
Acts as the "phonebook" of the Internet.
- Example: www.facebook.com →
translates to an IP address.
-Importance: Makes it easier for users
to access websites without
remembering numerical IP addresses.
INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDERS
(ISPS)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
Organizations that provide Internet access to
users.
Types of ISPs:
National ISP
Provides access to a specific geographic area.
Regional ISP
Offers Internet access across cities and towns
nationwide.
Examples: Sky Broadband, PLDT, Converge.
USES OF INTERNET
Living in IT Era
USES OF INTERNET
1.Look for information
2.School works, jobs, and home purposes
3.Send and receive electronic mail
4.Video teleconferencing (video call, video
chat)
5.Buy and sell product
6.Social networking
7.Watch & post videos
8.Games
9.Take college courses
10.Monitor home while away
11.Financial transactions
12. Download music and movies
Living in IT Era
1. Look for information
Living in IT Era
2. School works, jobs, and home purposes
Living in IT Era
3. Send and receive
electronic mail
Living in IT Era
4. Video teleconferencing
(video call, video chat)
Living in IT Era
5. Buy and sell
product
Living in IT Era
6. Social networking
Living in IT Era
7. Watch & post videos
Living in IT Era
8. Games
Living in IT Era
9. Take college courses
Living in IT Era
10. Monitor home
while away
Living in IT Era
11. Financial transactions
Living in IT Era
12. Download music
and movies
TERMS
AND
DEFINITION
Living in IT Era
Internet - A global network of thousands of computer networks
linked by data lines and wireless systems.
Web – a collection of billions of webpages that you can view
with a web browser
Email – the most common method of sending and receiving
messages online
Living in IT Era
Social media – websites and apps that allow people to share
comments, photos, and videos
Online gaming – games that allow people to play with and
against each other over the Internet
Software updates – operating system and application updates
can typically downloaded from the Internet
Living in IT Era
HTML - Stands for Hypertext Markup
Language, a coding language that
structures web pages by defining the
placement of text, images,
multimedia, and links.
URL - Uniform Resource Locator is a
web address used to connect to a
remote resource on the world wide
web.
Living in IT Era
Bit - is a single digit in the binary numbering system (base 2).
For example: 1 is a bit or 0 is a bit.
Byte - generally consists of eight bits.
Upload - To upload is to transfer data from your computer to
another computer.
Download - To download is to transfer data from another
computer to your computer.
Living in IT Era
HTTP - Stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, the standard for
web page communication, ensuring that links, text, and images
function properly in a browser.
HTTPS -Stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, which
includes encryption to protect personal information and
passwords from unauthorized access.
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Living in IT Era
Router – A hardware device that directs network traffic from an
ISP to connected devices, available in wired or wireless forms.
Encryption - A process that mathematically scrambles data to
hide it from unauthorized access, converting it into unreadable
code that only trusted recipients can decode.
Living in IT Era
Web Bot - A program that automates repetitive online tasks,
such as posting messages or searching for information.
Search Engine – A specialized software (e.g., Google, Yahoo)
that allows users to search for web information using keywords
or phrases.
