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Module 2

The document outlines the differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods, emphasizing their distinct characteristics, purposes, and data collection techniques. Qualitative research focuses on subjective interpretations and narrative descriptions, while quantitative research relies on objective numerical data and statistical analysis. Examples of both research types are provided to illustrate their applications in various fields.

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ROSSELLE SANTOS
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5 views

Module 2

The document outlines the differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods, emphasizing their distinct characteristics, purposes, and data collection techniques. Qualitative research focuses on subjective interpretations and narrative descriptions, while quantitative research relies on objective numerical data and statistical analysis. Examples of both research types are provided to illustrate their applications in various fields.

Uploaded by

ROSSELLE SANTOS
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 2: Qualitative vs quantitative

Lesson objectives

Provide
Differentiate
examples of
quantitative
research in
and qualitative
areas of
research
interest.
Think about this!
Inside the classroom, the
teacher made a remark, “you got
75 passing mark!” The teacher
also commented that “your
classmate seems uninterested to
study the lessons.”
Big idea!
Observation is a good tool in
research. This can be quantitative
and qualitative. Quantitative
observation deals with numerical
characteristics whereas qualitative
observation represents verbal
descriptions. Both observations give
meanings.
Classification of Research
1.How it was conducted
(technique or data
collection strategy)
2.Why it was conducted (use
or purpose of the research)
Two Broad Categories of Research
1. Quantitative Methods – (from the root
word quantity) collect data in the form
of numbers (i.e. quantitative
observation).
Examples of Quantitative Data
height, weight, and age of the person,
the daily, monthly or annual income of an
employee and your grades in your
academic subjects.
2. Qualitative Methods – (from
the root word quality) collect
data in the form of words or
statements (i.e. qualitative
observation).
QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE
Subjective Objective
Research questions answer what and why Research questions answer how many or
strength of relationship or difference
Literature review may be done as the Literature review is usually done before
study progresses the study
Develops theory Tests theory
Interpretive Measurable

Reports rich narrative, individual Reports statistical analysis. Basic element


interpretation. Basic element of analysis is of analysis is numbers
words/ideas
Researcher is part of the process Researcher is separate
Participants Subjects
Content dependent Context free
Reasoning is dialectic and inductive Reasoning is logistic and deductive
Describes meaning, discovery Establishes relationship and causation
Source: Anderson, John D. “Qualitative and Quantitative Research, 2006
Therefore,
Qualitative Research usually
describes meaning based on the
subjective data collected through
interview and observations. The
analysis in this kind of research is
also based on the context of the
subjects. It helps to develop a
theory.
On the other hand
Quantitative Research is more
objective. The data collected are
usually numerical and based on
the assumptions of the
hypothesis. It is more structured
and is thus useful in testing a
theory.
Qualitative Research
This usually gathering, analyzing
and interpreting data based on
observations made about the
participants of the study. These data
can be in the form of ideas, actions,
symbols, metaphors derived usually
from in – depth observations and
interviews.
Qualitative Research
It also aims to interpret meaning,
descriptions, and symbols. The
researches ask the participants to
respond to some questions and further
probe the answers by giving follow – up
questions to get a thorough response to
a certain question. There is no definite
number of participants that qualitative
research requires.
Examples of Qualitative Research
1. Students’ images of chemistry
2. Gender and cultural gaps in
the classroom
3. Science practices of the
Mangyan tribe
Quantitative Research
Research questions geared toward
measuring hypothesis using statistical
tool. The method is predetermined and
structured. Good statistical treatments
are important in deciding possible
outcomes or conclusions for the success
of the research. It also follows a certain
sample size in the use of the subjects or
respondents of the study.
Examples of Quantitative Research

1. Predictors of science performance


2. Growth performance of organic
fertilizer
3. Population rate in Metro Manila in
the next 20 years
Methods used in qualitative & quantitative methodologies
QUALITATIVE METHODOLOGIES QUANTITATIVE METHODOLOGIES
Preference for narrative/literary Preference for precisely
descriptions of procedures describing procedure
Preference for narrative Data reduced to numerical
descriptions scores
Preference for expert informant Preference for random
samples sampling for obtaining
meaningful samples
Preference for narrative Preference for statistical
summary of results summary of results
Unwillingness to tamper with Willingness to manipulate
naturally occurring phenomena aspects, situations,
Source: Fraenkel, J. & N. Wallen. How to Design & Evaluate Research in Education.
or
(2010) conditions in studying

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