INTRODUCTION TO

ICT
CHAPTER - 1
 WHAT IS ICT

ICT is the short form of three basic terms — Information, Communication and Technology.
• Information: The representation of data in a meaningful way is called Information.

• Communication: The term communication may be referred as imparting or exchanging of

information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium.
Communication has four essentially elements: ‘sender', 'message’, ’medium’, ’receiver’.

• Technology: Technology can be used for creati on and communicati on of informati on. The
term Informati on and Communicati on Technology(ICT) includes various forms of
technologies that are used to create, display, store, process, transmit, share or
exchange informati on
 EVOLUTION OF ICT
• We need to interact and communicate with each other and with our surroundings. In the
ancient ti mes people used smoke signals, pigeons and messengers as modes of communicati on.
• With the advent of new technologies, the modes and methods of communicati on are
changing very fast. Radio, television, computers, telephones, smartphones, digital camera,
laptop and interacti ve board have revoluti onized the ways of communicati on
• We can easily send messages across the globe and learn about events all over the world
in a blink of eye.
• Numerous technological tools have come up which help us not only to communicate but to
create, store and manage informati on.
 WHY ICT
• ICT facilitates communication anywhere, anytime and by anyone. It has become easier to
communicate worldwide through the use of ICTs, for example, social media sites and apps,
blogs, wiki space, etc. The use of ICT is time saving and cost effective in various ways.
• ICT has revolutionized the world. There was a generation that did not have telephone;
there was a time when radio and television were considered as the most advanced
sources of information.
• The new generation lives in the world of Internet, wireless, augmented and virtual space.
The world around has drastically changed. The dramatic change due to ICT has resulted in
innovation in every field.
WHY ICT
• Access to instant data
• Creation of information for communication
• Store and organise
• Scope of learning
• Plan and manage
 WHY ICT
• Access to instant data : Access to instant data supports in predictions,
decision making and also knowledge acquisition.

• Creation of information for communication: ICTs can be used to create

communication pieces in various forms like text, image, audio, video,
multimedia, etc.

• Store and organize: ICT helps in organizing information in various forms. This
organization of information helps in retrieving the required data.

For example, in libraries, all the information about books are organized as
database by using management software
 WHY ICT
• Scope for learning: ICT provides a great opportunity to
learn. One can learn anytime, anywhere and at his or her own
pace. We can also create our own personal learning
environment.
• Plan and manage : Use of ICT tools can help in time
management by scheduling the works across devices and using
various features like alerts, priorities highlights, etc. ICT tools
can also be used in planning and managing the activities.
 HOW ICT IS USEFUL?

ICT has wide range of applications for the society

but the extent of its use depends on the user. ICT
has its existence in all fields.
Applications of ICT
 APPLICATIONS OF ICT
1. Application of ICT in Everyday Life
• ICTs have become a way of life in the present-day world.

• We are using various ICTs in our day‑to‑day life for reading e ‑newspapers, e ‑ magazines and e ‑ books,
online shopping, paying bills for food, using mobile apps, getting online appointments from doctors
and so on.

2. Application of ICT in Art:

• Creative construction and connection are being done in various domains with the advent of ICT.
• Creative composition, compilation and communication can be done quickly by compatible ICTs.
The role of ICT is vital in disseminating various art forms popular in one area to another.
• The appreciation of Art and Culture gained popularity through ICT.
 APPLICATION OF ICT IN EDUCATION

a. Teaching, Learning and Assessment : ICT finds presence and expression

in almost all the functions of the schools, such as admission, time table,
classroom instruction, evaluation, laboratory management, learning
resources management, examination and certification.
b. Inclusive Education: ICT is used for catering to the educational needs of
every section of the society, including children with special needs.
Various assistive devices and technologies are being developed which
play an important role in fulfilling the specific needs of these
children.
Ex: talking books, talk back feature of mobile phones, GPS inbuilt
walking sticks, etc., are making substantial changes in people's lives.
 APPLICATION OF ICT IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

a. Health: The use of ICT in surgeries has made them less invasive, highly precise and
automated. Due to this the recovery time has reduced many folds. Robotic technology has
got a positive impact on present medical sciences. Now ‑ a ‑ days distance is not a
constraint for any complicated medical intervention to be done jointly by doctors located
at different places through networking.

b. Telecommunication: The field of Information Technology has seen a lot of

advancement with the help of ICT. The satellite communication has advanced a lot
and reached a number of people belonging to different setups. Low ‑ cost
smartphones and very cost‑effective services have made the availability of these to almost
everybody in the society. App based services available in different areas have made
people’s life easy.
 APPLICATION OF ICT IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

c. Agriculture and Natural Resources: Frequent and almost accurate

weather updates have revolutionized the agriculture sector. Early prediction
of rains or other weather conditions by Metrological Department has equipped
the farmers in getting better yield. The sustainable use of natural
resources has also become possible due to ICT integration; now it is possible
to locate the oil wells, coal mines, etc., with the help of satellite technology.
 APPLICATION OF ICT IN BUSINESS TRANSPORTATION

• ICT is used very effectively in the area of transportation.

• The GPS system is installed in vehicles, to provide security and

easy navigation to the commuters.

• Airplanes and trains use RADAR systems for their control and path
finding. Application ‑ based services have revolutionized the experience of
transport system by their users.

• Online reservations of flights, trains, buses and other services have

further made our lives easier.
 APPLICATION OF ICT IN BUSINESS TRANSPORTATION

a. Marketing: Online marketing through various websites and mobile

applications is very popular in today’s world. People find them useful and hassle
free. They are not only cost effective but also saves a lot of time and effort of the
people. The online sales and services have generated a new type of employment,
which require very less investment at the source.

b. Tourism: Various online hotel booking systems have provided a great

experience to the users. With the advancement of ICT even checking the overall
scenario of a place before planning a visit has become feasible. Also, online
payment facilities have simplified the travel experience.
 APPLICATION OF ICT IN ADMINISTRATION

a. Public Safety and Security: Deployment of ICT makes it possible for the
police departments to collect, store and rapidly disseminate the information to
enhance public safety. ICT can also be used for the identification of criminals by tracing
their digital footprints.

b. e-Governance and Public Administration:

e ‑Governance is generally understood as the use of Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) at all the level of the Government in order to provide services to the
citizens, interaction with business enterprises and communication and exchange of
information between different agencies of the Government in a speedy, convenient
efficient and transparent manner.
 E xerc i ses
1.Which of the following are ICTs? Give reasons why it is or not an ICT .
Items ICT Reason
Yes/No
Yes Because it captures, stores, and transfers digital images or videos, which are forms of
Digital
camera digital information.
No It is an electrical appliance used for cooling, not for processing or communicating
Refrigerator
information.
Yes It connects to the internet, streams media, and supports communication through apps,
Smart TV
making it an ICT device.
Yes It transmits voice signals over a network, enabling communication, which is a key function
Telephone
of ICT.
DVD player No It only plays pre-recorded media and does not facilitate communication or digital
information processing.
Yes Processes, stores, and communicates digital information, making it a core ICT device.
Computer

No It only outputs audio and does not process or transmit information independently.
Headphone

Yes It enables wireless communication and data transfer, making it an essential ICT
WIFI
component.
Yes It transmits audio signals over long distances, which is a form of communication.
Radio

Hard disk No Used for storing data, but it does not process or communicate information by itself.
2. Discuss with various professionals like tailor, shopkeeper, milkman, doctor, engineer, nurse, etc.,
in your surroundings and write the ways in which each of them use ICT in their profession.

Profession Ways of using ICT

Tailor Uses computerized sewing machines, design software, and social media
to showcase and sell designs online.
Shopkeeper Uses billing software, barcode scanners, and online payment systems to
manage sales, inventory, and transactions efficiently.
Milkman Uses mobile apps, digital payment methods, and online order tracking to
manage deliveries and customer payments.
Doctor Uses electronic health records (EHR), telemedicine, medical diagnostic
software, and online consultations to provide better healthcare.
Engineer Uses CAD (Computer-Aided Design) software, project management tools,
and simulations for designing and developing projects efficiently.
Nurse Uses hospital management systems, patient monitoring devices, and
telemedicine platforms to track patient records and provide better care.

3. My principal wants to make a short movie of this function for our school website, I will record the
event and edit it using Inshot video editor. All the students are willing to present gifts for teachers.
They selected the gifts from Flipkart and ordered them, so that they can reach us on time .