Understanding of basic

computer, Digital
Technology and MS Word

Raj Kumar Negi

All India Institute of Training
and Education
 Definition of computer

• A computer is an electronic data processing device,

which accepts and stores data input, processes the data
input, and generates the output in a required format.
• Data :-Data is a raw material; it’s a collection of facts and figures.
Data does not have a significant meaning because of its raw nature.
Data may include text, figures, facts, images, numbers, graphs, and
symbols and it can be generated from different sources
Computer
structure
• Input devices are hardware components that allow users
to enter data and instructions into a computer. Common
examples include:
• Keyboards
• Mice
• Scanners
• Microphones
• Digital cameras

Input Devices
Keyboard Keys
Name
Mouse
• CPU is considered as the brain of the computer. CPU
performs all types of data processing operations. It stores
data, intermediate results, and instructions (program). It
controls the operation of all parts of the computer. CPU
itself has the following three components:
• Control Unit
• ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
• Memory Unit

CPU(Central
Processing Unit)
• ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) This unit consists of two
subsections namely,
• Arithmetic Section
• Logic Section
• Arithmetic Section Function of arithmetic section is to perform
arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication,
and division. All complex operations are done by making
repetitive use of the above operations.
• Logic Section Function of logic section is to perform logic
operations such as comparing, selecting, matching, and
merging of data.

Arithmetic Logic
Unit
• This unit controls the operations of all parts of the computer but
does not carry out any actual data processing operations.
Functions of this unit are: 
• It is responsible for controlling the transfer of data and
instructions among other units of a computer. 
• It manages and coordinates all the units of the computer. 
• It obtains the instructions from the memory, interprets them, and
directs the operation of the computer. 
• It communicates with Input/output devices for transfer of data
or results from storage. 
• It does not process or store data.

Control Unit
• This unit can store instructions, data, and intermediate results. This
unit supplies information to other units of the computer when needed.
It is also known as internal storage unit or the main memory or the
primary storage or Random Access Memory (RAM). Its size affects
speed, power, and capability. Primary memory and secondary memory
are two types of memories in the computer. Functions of the memory
unit are:
• It stores all the data and the instructions required for processing.
• It stores intermediate results of processing.
• It stores the final results of processing before these results are released
to an output device. 
• All inputs and outputs are transmitted through the main memory.

Memory or
Storage Unit
• Monitors
• Graphic Plotter
• Printer

Output Devices
• Monitors, commonly called as Visual Display Unit
(VDU), are the main output device of a computer
There are two kinds of viewing screen used for monitors. 
Cathode-Ray Tube (CRT) 
Flat-Panel Display

Monitor
• Printer is an output device, which is used to print
information on paper. There are two types of printers: 
• Impact Printers 
• Non-Impact Printers

Printers
Types of Printer
• These printers are of two types -
• Character printers
• Line printers

Impact printer
• Character printers are the printers which print one
character at a time.
• These are further divided into two types:
• Dot Matrix Printer (DMP)
• Daisy Wheel

Character Printers
• Line printers are the printers which print one line at a
time

Line Printers
• These are non-impact page printers. They use laser lights
to produce the dots needed to form the characters to be
printed on a page.

Laser Printers
• Inkjet Printers :-Inkjet printers are non-impact character
printers based on a relatively new technology. They print
characters by spraying small drops of ink onto paper.
Inkjet printers produce high quality output with
presentable features.

Inkjet Printers
MEMORY UNIT
• A memory is just like a human brain. It is used to store
data and instructions. Computer memory is the storage
space in the computer, where data is to be processed and
instructions required for processing are stored. The
memory is divided into large number of small parts called
cells.

Memory
• Primary Memory: RAM, ROM
• Secondary Memory:-Hard Disk, SSD
• Cache Memory

Types of Memory
• Software is a set of programs, designed to perform a
well-defined function. A program is a sequence of
instructions written to solve a particular problem.
• There are two types of software - 
• System Software 
• Application Software

Software
• The system software is a collection of programs designed
to operate, control, and extend the processing capabilities
of the computer itself. System software is generally
prepared by the computer manufacturers. These software
products comprise of programs written in low-level
languages, which interact with the hardware at a very
basic level. System software serves as the interface
between the hardware and the end users.

System Software
• Application Software Application software products are
designed to satisfy a particular need of a particular
environment. All software applications prepared in the
computer lab can come under the category of Application
software. Application software may consist of a single
program, such as Microsoft's notepad for writing and
editing a simple text. It may also consist of a collection of
programs, often called a software package, which work
together to accomplish a task, such as a spreadsheet
package.

ApplicationSoftwar
e
• Decimal Number System

Number System
• Digital technology refers to electronic tools, devices,
and systems that process, transmit, and store data in
binary form. Unlike analog technology, which uses
continuous signals, digital technology encodes data as
true or false, on or off. It is used for various purposes,
increasing productivity and efficiency in organizations.

Digital technology
Computer system
• Microsoft Word is an element of Microsoft Office which
helps with the creation, editing, and formatting of
documents. It includes facilities for spell and grammar
checking, as well as text formatting. You can also include
photos, tables, and charts in your documents. It's popular
for letters, reports, and resumes

Defination
Thank
You