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CSE-102 - Lecture-01

The document discusses the importance of information for effective decision-making in organizations, outlining the distinctions between data, information, and knowledge. It describes the characteristics of useful information, types of information systems, and their components, emphasizing their role in business growth and decision support. Additionally, it presents a transaction processing model and a three-tier architecture for networked information systems.

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6 views16 pages

CSE-102 - Lecture-01

The document discusses the importance of information for effective decision-making in organizations, outlining the distinctions between data, information, and knowledge. It describes the characteristics of useful information, types of information systems, and their components, emphasizing their role in business growth and decision support. Additionally, it presents a transaction processing model and a three-tier architecture for networked information systems.

Uploaded by

Umbreon Gaming
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CSE-102

(Introduction to
Computers II)
Lecture-01
Why We Need
Information?
To ensure effective and
efficient decision-leading to
prosperity of an Organization.
Data Information and Knowledge
Data-Represents something (quantities, actions and objects) in
the real world

Information-Data that has been processed into a form that is


meaningful to the recipient and is of real or perceived

Knowledge-When information is applied for the betterment of


human life is known as knowledge
Characteristics of Useful Information
Knowledge is derived after understanding a particular set of information.
Managers are completely dependent on information for their roles. Some of
the important characteristics of Useful information are discussed below:
1. Completeness – All information that we want
2. Cost-Effective – cost effective to process
3. Accuracy – Error Free
4. Relevance – Makes a difference in a decision
5. Easily Understood – Help to make good decision
6. Timely – Get Valuable data in time
What is Computer Based Information System
A Transaction Processing Model

Data Input Data Processing Data Output

Data
Storage
A Networked Information System: Three-Tier
Architecture
Corporate Corporate
Databases Headquarters Divisional
Minicomputers
with Divisional
Databases
Marketing
Finance Production
and Sales
Divisional
Databases

Regional
Office
Work- Plant Minicomputers
stations
Salesforce
Local Area Network: Telecommunications
Notebooks
PCs with Local Databases Link
Facts Of Information Systems
The products of information technology are part of our daily lives.
Here are some of the facts about information systems.

1. Necessary for businesses to grow


2. Better data storage and access
3. Better decision making
Types of Information Systems
1. Operational-level systems support operational managers by keeping
track of the elementary activities and transactions of the organization,
such as sales, receipts, cash deposits, payroll, credit decisions, and the
flow of materials in a factory.
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
Example tasks:
1. Order Processing
2. Material Movement Control
3. Payroll, Accounts
4. Employee Records Keeping
Types of Information Systems Continue…
2. Management-level systems serve the monitoring, controlling, decision-
making, and administrative activities of middle managers.
The principal question addressed by such systems is this:

Are things working well?


Management Information Systems or, Decision Support Systems
Example tasks:
1. Sales management
2. Inventory Control
3. Product Scheduling
4. Annual budgeting
5. Cost Analysis
Types of Information Systems Continue…
3. Strategic-level systems help senior management tackle and address
strategic issues and long-term trends, both in the firm and in the
external environment.

Executive Support Systems


Example tasks:
1. Sales trend forecasting
2. Operational plan
3. Profit Planning
Types of Information Systems Continue…
Typical components of information systems
Information System has Four components. Those are:
1. Hardware – This is the physical component of the technology. It includes
computers, hard disks, keyboards, iPads etc.
2. Software – Software can be of two types, system software and application
software. An example of system software is Microsoft windows, and an
example of application software is Microsoft Excel.
3. Data – Data is a collection of facts and is useless by them, but when
collected and organized together, it can be very powerful for business
operations.
4. Telecommunications – Telecommunication is used to connect with the
computer system or other devices to disseminate information.
References
1. https://www.google.com
2. https://emeritus.org/in/learn/information-system/
3. https://www.britannica.com/topic/information-system
Home Work (Class Performance)

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