Auto CAD

Basic
Interactive
Training
Guide
 What is AutoCAD?
• AutoCAD is a CAD (Computer Aided Design or
Computer Aided Drafting) software application
for 2D and 3D design and drafting.
 Starting AutoCAD
• To start AutoCAD
• 1. Double-click the AutoCAD 2007 icon on the
desktop
– or
• 2. Select
– “Start”
– “Programs”
– “AutoCAD 2007” Folder
– “AutoCAD 2007”
AutoCAD 2D window area
 metric system
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 Commands
• Tool Bar
• Pull Down
• Child menu
• KEY COMMANDS
– From the Key board
 Selecting AutoCAD Commands
• Commands may be selected in 3 ways
– 1. Executed by picking a toolbar button or icon
– 2. Selected from one of the pull-down menus
– 3. Typed at the keyboard
• Setting Up Drawing
Setting Drawing units Environment
• Setting Dimension style
• Setting Layer
 Setting Drawing units

• Drawing units: Indicate metric unit in

pop up window at start up
Setting Dimension style
Cont….
 Layer setting
What is a Layer
Layers are controlled by the layer properties manager button which is located on the
object properties toolbar:

– Each new layer is created by you, the user.

Normally, it is acceptable to have a layer for each
different part of a drawing.
Layer property manger
 AutoCAD entry

 Coordinate systems
 Direct entry system
 Coordinate systems

– Absolute coordinates:
• Cartesian (X,Y) or

– Relative coordinates:
• Cartesian (@X,Y) or
• Polar coordinates
Polar (R<Ao)
 Solve using Absolute Coordinate System
• Draw Walls
• Command: Line
• Specify first point:0,0
• Specify next point:2.25,0
• Specify next point:2.25,6.5
• Specify next point:-6.25,6.5
• Specify next point:-6.25,0
• Specify next point:-3,0
• Specify next point:-3,0.25
• Specify next point:-6,0.25
• Specify next point:-6,6.25
• Specify next point:2, 6.25
• Specify next point:2,0.25
• Specify next point:0,0.25
• Specify next point:0,0 or C
 Solve using Relative Coordinate System
Draw Walls
• Command: Line
• Specify first point:0,0
• Specify next point:@2.25,0
• Specify next point:@0,6.5
• Specify next point:@-8.5,0
• Specify next point:@0,-6.5
• Specify next point:@3.25,0
• Specify next point:@0,0.25
• Specify next point:@-3,0
• Specify next point:@0,6
• Specify next point:@8, 0
• Specify next point:@0,-6
• Specify next point:@-2.0
• Specify next point:@0,-0.25 or c
Polar coordinate reading
 Solve using Relative Polar Coordinate System

• Draw Walls
• Command:Line
• Specify first point:0,0
• Specify next point:@2.25<0
• Specify next point:@6.5<90
• Specify next point:@8.5<180
• Specify next point:@6.5<270
• Specify next point:@3.25<0
• Specify next point:@0.25<90
• Specify next point:@3<180
• Specify next point:@6<90
• Specify next point:@8<0
• Specify next point:@6<270
• Specify next point:@2<180
• Specify next point:@0.25<270 or C
UNIT 5: Assignment 5-2: Polar Coordinate Systems

Polar Coordinates
Start Point 1,1
To Point B (@2<0)
To Point C (@.5<45)
To Point D (@3<0)
To Point E (@.5<315)
To Point F (@4<0)
To Point G (@2.5<90)
To Point H (@4.5<135)
To Point I (@.25<90)
To Point J (@4.5<45)
To Point K (@2.5<90)
To Point L (@4<180)
To Point M (@.75<260)
To Point N (@1.75<180)
To Point O (@.75<100)
To Point P (@3.6966<180)
To Point Q (@5<270)
To Point R (@2.5<30)
To Point S (@4.5<270)
To Point T (@2.5<150)
Right-click select "Close"
Aotocad commands
• Drawing commands
• Modify tool bar commands
Line
 Modify Commands

• The modify tools (from left to right):

Erase, Copy, Mirror, Offset, Array, Move,
Rotate, Scale, Stretch, Lengthen, Trim,
Extend, Break at point, Break, Chamfer,
Fillet, Explode
 Erase
• Select this button then a drawing element to erase it
permanently from the drawing.
To erase an object
• Click Modify menu » Erase.
• At the Select Objects prompt, use a selection method to
select the objects to be erased or enter an option:
– Enter L (Last) to erase the last object drawn.
– Enter p (Previous) to erase the last selection set.
– Enter all to erase all objects from the drawing.
– Enter ? to see a list of all selection methods.
• Press ENTER to end the command.
 Copy
• Copy - The copy command will copy any selected
drawing elements and reposition where specified
by the user, without affecting the original elements.

To copy an object using two points

• Click Modify menu » Copy.
• Select the objects to copy.
• Specify the base point.
• Specify the second point. Press ENTER.
 Mirror
Mirror - The mirror command will create a mirror image
of any selected drawing elements along any line of
symmetry specified by the user.

To mirror objects
•Click Modify menu » Mirror.
•Select the objects to mirror.
•Specify the first point of the mirror line.
•Specify the second point.
•Press ENTER to retain the original objects, or enter y to
erase them.
Mirror
Mirror
 Offset
• Offset will make a copy of a line or series of selected lines by a
specified distance in the direction specified.

To offset an object by specifying a distance

• Click Modify menu » Offset.
• Specify the offset distance. You can enter a value or use the
pointing device.
• Select the object to offset.
• Specify a point on the side where you want to place the new
objects.
• Select another object to offset, or press ENTER to end the
command
Offset
 Array
• The array command quickly creates copies of a
selected object(s) to a specified spacing..
Rectangular Array
 To create a rectangular array
• Click Modify menu » Array.
• In the Array dialog box, select Rectangular Array.
• Click Select Objects. The Array dialog box closes. You are prompted for object selection.
• Select the objects to be arrayed and press ENTER.
• In the Rows and Columns boxes, enter the number of rows and columns in the array.
• Specify the horizontal and vertical spacing (offsets) between objects by using one of
the following methods:
– In the Row Offset and Column Offset boxes, enter the distance between rows and
between columns. Adding a plus sign (+) or a minus sign (-) determines direction.
– Click the Pick Both Offsets button to use the pointing device to specify the diagonal
corners of a cell in the array. The cell determines the vertical and horizontal
spacing of the rows and columns.
– Click the Pick Row Offset or Pick Column Offset button to use the pointing device
to specify the horizontal and vertical spacing.
• The example box displays the result.
• To change the rotation angle of the array, enter the new angle next to Angle of Array.
• The default angle 0 direction setting can also be changed in UNITS.
• Click OK to create the array.
Rectangular Array
Polar Array
 To create a polar array
• Click Modify menu » Array.
• In the Array dialog box, select Polar Array.
• Next to Center Point, do one of the following:
– Enter an X value and a Y value for the center point of the polar array.
– Click the Pick Center Point button. The Array dialog box closes and you
are prompted for object selection. Use the pointing device to specify the
center point of the polar array.
• Click Select Objects. The Array dialog box closes and you are
prompted for object selection.
• Select the objects to be arrayed.
• In the Method box, select one of the following methods:
– Total Number of Items & Angle to Fill
– Total Number of Items & Angle Between Items
– Angle to Fill & Angle Between Items
• Enter the number of items (including the original object), if
available.
• Use one of the following methods:
– Enter the angle to fill and angle between items, if available.
Angle to Fill specifies the distance to fill around the
circumference of the array. Angle Between Items specifies the
distance between each item.
– Click the Pick Angle to Fill button and the Pick Angle Between
Items button. Use the pointing device to specify the angle to
fill and the angle between items.
• The example box displays the result.
• You can set any of the following options:
– To rotate the objects as they are arrayed, select Rotate Items
As Copied. The example area displays the result.
– To specify the X,Y base point, select More, clear the Set to
Object's Default option and enter values in the X and Y boxes,
or click the Pick Base Point button and use the pointing device
to specify the point.
• Click OK to create the array.
Polar Array
 Move
• The move command works exactly the same as the copy
command described above, except instead of creating a
copy of the selected objects, the second objects are moved.

To move an object using two points

• Click Modify menu » Move.
• Select the objects to move.
• Specify a base point for the move.
• Specify a second point. The objects you selected are moved
to a new location determined by the distance and direction
between the first and second points.
 Rotate
• The rotate command rotates any selected objects about a defined
point by the angle specified. By default Autocad will rotate objects
anticlockwise when an angle is entered.
To rotate an object
• Click Modify menu » Rotate.
• Select the object to rotate.
• Specify the base point for the rotation.
• Do one of the following:
– Enter the angle of rotation.
– Drag the object around its base point and specify a point location to which
you want to rotate the object.
– Enter c to create a copy of the selected objects.
– Enter r to rotate the selected objects from a specified reference angle to
 Scale
• The scale command scales the size of a selected object(s) by a
defined scale factor from a selected base point. The selected
objects can be scaled up to increase size or down to reduce
the size.
• To scale an object by a scale factor
• Click Modify menu » Scale.
• Select the object to scale.
• Specify the base point.
• Enter the scale factor or drag and click to specify a new scale.
 Trim
• The trim command is an extremely useful tool
which will erase all parts of an object beyond or
within its intersection with another object.
To trim an object
• Click Modify menu » Trim.
• Select the objects to serve as cutting edges. To
select all displayed objects as potential cutting
edges, press ENTER without selecting any objects.
• Select the objects to trim.
Trim
 Extend
• The extend command is similar to the trim
command in how it functions, except it
extends a selected line to a point of
intersection of another selected object.

To extend an object
• Click Modify menu » Extend.
• Select the objects to serve as boundary
edges. To select all displayed objects as
potential boundary edges, press ENTER
without selecting any objects.
• Select the objects to extend
 Break at Point
• The break at point command enables the user to break an
object at a specific point, creating two separate objects.
To break an object
• Click Modify menu » Break.
• Select the object to break. By default, the point at which
you select the object is the first break point. To select a
different pair of break points, enter f (First) and specify
the first break point.
• Specify the second break point. To break an object
without creating a gap, enter @0,0 to specify the previous
point.
 Break
• The break command is identical to the break
at point command, except the break line isn't
as neat as break at point.
Break
 Chamfer
• The chamfer command will chamfer the
intersection of two lines to a specified distance.
To set chamfer distances
• Click Modify menu » Chamfer.
• Enter d (Distances).
• Enter the first chamfer distance.
• Enter the second chamfer distance.
• Select the lines for chamfering.
Chamfer
 Fillet
• The fillet command is very similar to the chamfer
command above, except instead of creating a
straight line chamfer, Autocad creates a radius
between the two points.
To set the fillet radius
• Click Modify menu » Fillet.
• Enter r (Radius).
• Enter the fillet radius
• Select the objects to fillet.
Fillet
 Explode
• The explode command is very straight forward. It
simply breaks down an object down to its basic
line entities.
To explode a block reference
• On the Modify menu, click Explode.
• Select the block to explode and press ENTER. The
block reference is disassembled into its
component objects; however, the block definition
still exists in the drawing for insertion later
Design center
Dimension style
3D commands
3D windows area
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Solid Editing Toolbar
Modeling Toolbar
UCS/user coordinate system
 Solid Modeling

• Solid Modeling
• When you create solid models, you use solids and
surfaces as the building blocks for your model.
• A solid object represents the entire volume of an
object. Solids are the most informationally
complete and least ambiguous of the 3D
modeling types. Complex solid shapes are also
easier to construct and edit than wireframes and
meshes.
3D coordinates
 Cont….
• When you work in 3D, the user coordinate system is
useful for entering coordinates, creating 3D objects
on 2D workplanes, and rotating objects in 3D.
• When you create or modify objects in a 3D
environment, you can move and reorient the UCS in
3D model space to simplify your work. The XY plane
of the UCS is called the workplane.
• Important operations on objects in a 3D
environment that depend on the location and
orientation of the UCS include the following:
 3D setting
• Establish the workplane in on which to create
and modify objects
• Establish the workplane that contains the grid
display and grid snap
• Establish a new UCS Z axis about which to
rotate objects in 3D
• Determine up and down directions as well as
horizontal and vertical for Ortho mode, polar
tracking, and object snap tracking
Exercise